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Biomedical subjects

C Sassoon

Publications and source records attributed to C Sassoon.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

Hemothorax and chylothorax.

Hemothorax and chylothorax remain perplexing medical problems. The primary cause of hemothorax is trauma, whereas the primary cause of chylothorax is cancer. Most patients with hemothorax can be treated with chest tube drainage only. Early thoracotomy with thoracic duct ligation is recommended for patients with chylothorax when conservative treatment with chest tube drainage and hyperalimentation fails. Radiation therapy is the mainstay of treatment for chylothorax related to cancer. Video-assisted thoracoscopy may play an increasing role in the surgical treatment of both hemothorax and chylothorax.

Chest Tubes↗
PubMed1996

Comparison of mitoxantrone and tetracycline as pleural sclerosing agents in rabbits.

Bleomycin is the antineoplastic agent used most commonly for the treatment of malignant pleural effusion. It is absorbed rapidly from the pleural space and does not elicit pleurodesis in the normal rabbit pleura. Mitoxantrone is a new antineoplastic that differs from bleomycin in that it binds to membranes. Accordingly it might remain in the pleural space for a longer period and produce a pleurodesis. The objective of this project was to determine whether mitoxantrone is an effective sclerosant in an experimental model in rabbits. The following medications were instilled intrapleurally in anesthetized male rabbits: 35 mg/kg tetracycline or 0.5, 1.0, or 2.0 mg/kg mitoxantrone. The animals were killed at 28 days and the pleural spaces assessed grossly for pleurodesis and microscopically for fibrosis and inflammation. The mean degree of gross pleurodesis did not differ significantly in the rabbits that received tetracycline (3.8 +/- 0.4) and in the rabbits that received 2 mg/kg mitoxantrone (3.2 +/- 1.3). The degree of pleural and lung inflammation was significantly greater after mitoxantrone than after tetracycline, both ipsilaterally and contralaterally. The mortality after the highest dose of mitoxantrone was 50%. From this study we conclude that the intrapleural administration of mitoxantrone in rabbits can produce a pleurodesis. The histologic picture after mitoxantrone administration differs markedly from that after tetracycline injection. After mitoxantrone injection there are many more inflammatory cells present on the side that received the injection, and there is much more fibrosis and inflammation in the contralateral pleura and lung. The model of pleural fibrosis following intrapleural mitoxantrone may be useful for the study of pleural fibrosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Effect of esophageal variceal sclerotherapy (EVS) on lung function. A prospective controlled study.

A prospective, controlled study to determine the short- and long-term effects of esophageal variceal sclerotherapy (EVS) on lung function was carried out on 11 patients with cirrhotic portal hypertension and variceal hemorrhage. Eleven patients with chronic liver disease undergoing diagnostic endoscopy served as controls. There was no difference in lung function tests and gas exchange in both the EVS or control groups after either procedure. No change in these parameters was noted during follow-up on continued sclerotherapy in the EVS group. Ventilation-perfusion scans and chest roentgenograms, performed before and after EVS, demonstrated no significant change. We conclude that in patients with stable liver disease and without hepatic failure, EVS does not result in serious short- and long-term impairment of lung function.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Value of x-ray computed tomography in the diagnosis and surveillance of abdominopelvic recurrence of cancers of the uterine cervix. Apropos of 38 cases].

A retrospective study was conducted involving all case reports of patients treated for uterine cervix cancer, and investigated by a CT scan for suspected or follow up of a recurrence between Jan. 1981 and Nov. 1982. CT scan findings are described and the value of the method assessed; it appears to be very effective for diagnosis of recurrence in lumbar aortic lymph nodes, since it was the only examination enabling positive diagnosis in 13 out of 15 cases. Its diagnosis value is less in pelvic tumor recurrence, directly accessible to clinical examination (3 diagnoses only out of 9 cases). The CT scan is a reliable exploratory procedure since only 4 examinations were normal of the 38 completed. Possible therapeutic applications are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Preoperative radiologic localization of nonpalpable breast lesions. Technics and value. Apropos of 33 cases].

The aim of pre-operative radiologic localization is to facilitate surgery by reducing operation time and by limiting the size of excision of a benign lesion. The detection technique, the so-called "crochet" method, is described and compared with others reported in the literature. Using this method, 33 nonpalpable lesions were detected over a 6 month period and 15% of these cases had malignant tumors.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1982

[Ultrasonography of the gallbladder and oral cholecystography. A prospective comparative study].

A prospective study comparing the information supplied by ultrasonography of the gallbladder and oral cholecystography was conducted in 254 patients with clinically suspected gallbladder calculi. The results demonstrated the limitations of cholecystography, notably the frequency of non-opacification in the absence of hepatic-biliary tract pathology and the possibility of false-negative results. Ultrasonography proved adequate in more than 80% of the cases and may be considered as the examination of choice for the diagnosis of biliary calculi. Its own limitations are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Protocol for the radiological examination of facial injuries].

Radiological examination of maxillofacial injuries, though difficult in patients with multiple lesions, should be rigorously conducted and be as complete as possible, depending on the results of clinical investigation. Initially, it must include at least the basic cranial projections: profile, high anteroposterior, Worms, low anteroposterior, and finally Blondeau. Secondarily, or immediately in less severe or isolated maxillofacial injuries: multiple anteroposterior projections by discontinuous scanning for better analysis of fracture lines or disjunctions, computed tomography in three planes, a panoramic radiograph, and particular projections depending on clinical findings and results of initial radiological examination. The CI scan, rapidly becoming more perfected, is essential in skull injuries with brain damage.

Facial Injuries↗
PubMed1982

[Diagnostic value of ultrasonography in pancreatic duct dilatation. Results in 29 cases (author's transl)].

Results of diagnostic ultrasonography in 29 patients with pancreatic duct dilatation were able to define the value of this procedure in the diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis and particularly cancer of the pancreas. Dilatation of the duct may in fact be the only ultrasonographic sign of a pancreatic lesion. It is now possible to study the pancreatic duct by ultrasonography, and this method of exploration should be employed whenever the pancreas has to be investigated.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Echogenic gallbladder sludge: ultrasonographic study and pathological significance in 74 cases (author's transl)].

Correlations between ultrasonographic and clinical and histological findings were studied in 74 patients presenting with echogenic gallbladder sludge. The majority of patients in whom bile examinations had been performed had either pus, blood, biliary sediment, or microcalculi in the bile, but precise identification of the nature of the sludge does not appear to be possible on ultrasonography. Calculi were present in the gallbladder in 39 p. cent of these patients, only 9 p. cent demonstrating the presence of sludge without established liver or biliary lesions. This ultrasonographic image appears, therefore, to be a clinically significant valid finding.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Ultrasonography and percutaneous cholangiography in children with dilated bile ducts. Report of six cases.

Six children had dilation of intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts. The dilation was associated with or was secondary to lithiasis in two patients, spontaneous bile duct perforation in two others, and an abnormal pancreaticobiliary junction in the last two. All the children were screened by ultrasonography; five were subsequently examined by percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography. Ultrasonography permits rapid detection of bile duct dilation, while percutaneous cholangiography aids in the choice of the surgical procedure by locating the site of obstruction and sometimes disclosing the cause of obstructive jaundice.

Bile Duct Diseases↗
PubMed1981

[Ultrasonographic diagnosis of a left inferior vena cava with hemiazygos prolongation (author's transl)].

A case of a left inferior vena cava with prolongation into a hemiazygos vein is reported, in which the diagnosis was suspected after ultrasonography and confirmed by inferior cavography. Ultrasonographic signs were absence of a retrohepatic inferior vena cava, direct opening of the inferior hepatic veins into the right atrium, and the presence of a longitudinal vascular structure behind and on the left of the aorta, corresponding to the left inferior vena cava.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Ultrasonographic diagnosis of portal cavernoma in children: a study of twelve cases.

Portal vein and its two branches were evaluated by ultrasound in 12 children (14 months to eight years) with portal cavernomas; the cavernomas appeared idiopathic (five cases) or were secondary either to a catherization of umbilical vein in the neonatal period (six cases) or to trauma (one case). Angiographic confirmation of cavernoma was obtained in all patients. Twelve patients with intrahepatic portal hypertension were used as controls. The following abnormal patterns were observed: (1) absence of normal portal vein; (2) absence of normal portal division; (3) tortuous, small and irregular appearance and/or abnormal sagittal division of the venous system; (4) presence of small linear echoes dotting the portal vein; (5) presence of small linear echoes dotting the porta hepatis area. Ultrasonogram was normal in the 12 controls. Thus, ultrasound appears to be a procedure of choice in the evaluation of portal cavernomas, permitting postponement of invasive angiographic examination until surgical treatment is anticipated.

Child↗
PubMed1979

[Ultrasonography of the pancreas. Diagnostic problems and findings in cases of solid pancreatic masses (author's transl)].

By using rigourous examination techniques and interpretive criteria, ultrasonography of the pancreas can, in many cases, confirm the etiological diagnosis of solid pancreatic masses. Factors influencing diagnosis are the volume and shape of the pancreas, the ultrasound structure, the attenuation of ultrasounds, the outline of the pancreas, and the effect on neighbouring structures. The association of signs is often characteristic and can differentiate benign from malignant masses.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Lymphography as an investigation method for bladder cancer in adults].

The use of lymphography as an investigational method in bladder cancer is a controversial subject. Results of a personal series of 90 cases, including 50 that were histologically confirmed, are compared with those reported in the published literature. Results were fairly different from those previously described, as though there was a lower sensitivity (43 as against 85 p. cent in the literature), specificity was much higher (100 as against 94 p. cent) as well as positive predictive value (100 as against 69 p. cent). This improvement was mainly due to the use of Piver and Wallace's assessment criteria, and results should be improved still further in the future by more frequent use of needle puncture cytology. Even with the increasing employ of the scanner, lymphography still remains a precise method for investigating bladder cancer.

Adult↗