PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

C Schlichting

Publications and source records attributed to C Schlichting.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in United States Navy submarine crews.

Helicobacter pylori prevalence is elevated in German submarine crews and in United States Navy (USN) surface fleet personnel, but H. pylori prevalence in USN submariners was unknown. The goal of the study was to determine the prevalence of H. pylori in the crews of USN nuclear submarines compared to other military personnel and to the general US population. The presence of H. pylori IgG antibodies was determined in serum samples using a commercial ELISA. Only 47 out of 451 submariners (9.4%) were H. pylori positive, which is similar to that of the US general population with a similar level of education. In contrast, H. pylori prevalence is significantly higher in US Army recruits (26%), USN surface fleet personnel (25%), and German diesel submariners (38%). These data demonstrate that submarine service (and by inference activity requiring isolation and close contact, per se) is not a risk factor for H. pylori infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Safe administration of irinotecan, oxaliplatin and raltitrexed in a DPD-deficient patient with metastatic colon cancer.

Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase deficiency is diagnosed more frequently and is now generally accepted as a potentially life-threatening condition. It predisposes patients receiving treatment with fluoropyrimidines such as 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) to severe and, in case of complete dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase deficiency, often fatal toxicity. A patient who had severe side effects following standard dose adjuvant 5-FU exposure was diagnosed of having hereditary partial dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase deficiency. When the patient relapsed with liver metastases, we treated him with the non-fluoropyrimidine cytotoxic agents irinotecan, oxaliplatin and raltitrexed in sequential manner, and were able to show that these drugs can be safely applied in patients with this metabolic defect.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1995

[Intra-abdominal bleeding after myocardial infarction with cardiopulmonary resuscitation and thrombolytic therapy].

Adverse effects of resuscitation due to closed-chest cardiac massage are common, and the incidence is increased when an incorrect technique is used. Nevertheless, thrombolytic therapy of a myocardial infarction can become necessary even after cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). In these patients, the risk of thrombolytic therapy-induced bleeding is immanent. CASE REPORTS. Within 9 months, two male patients aged 44 and 52 years were admitted to the intensive care unit after out-of-hospital CPR for myocardial infarction with cardiac arrest. In both cases, thrombolytic therapy was undertaken due to the cardiovascular situation or echocardiographic results. Thrombolytic therapy was successful with regard to the ECG changes, but a few hours later both patients demonstrated increasing cardiovascular instability. After abdominal sonography, intra-abdominal bleeding was suspected. Emergency laparotomy became unavoidable, although the coagulation profile was severely impaired in both patients (Tables 1 and 2). Anaesthetic management was characterised by introduction of central venous and intra-arterial catheters, replacement of volume and oxygen carriers using large-bore IV lines, restoration of coagulation factors with fresh frozen plasma, and the choice of "modified neuroleptanaesthesia" with blood pressure-adjusted, small doses of fentanyl, midazolam, and pancuronium. Intraoperatively, a liver injury due to closed-chest cardiac massage was found in both cases. The postoperative courses were complicated by respiratory problems, which led to prolonged mechanical ventilation, but both patients survived without remarkable neurological deficits. CONCLUSION. In patients with thrombolytic therapy after CPR and persisting cardio-vascular instability, a resuscitation injury with consequent haemorrhagic shock should be suspected. For diagnosis, chest X-ray films and abdominal and thoracic sonography are useful and practicable, even at the bedside. Anaesthetic management should focus on adequate monitoring, replacement of volume and oxygen carriers, fast restoration of plasma coagulation, and careful, blood pressure-adjusted maintenance of anaesthesia.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1993

Typing of Staphylococcus aureus by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, zymotyping, capsular typing, and phage typing: resolution of clonal relationships.

Sixty-nine Staphylococcus aureus isolates from two epidemiologically unrelated sources were typed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis after SmaI digestion of chromosomal DNA (genome typing), and the results were compared with those obtained by other typing methods: phage typing with the international set of phages, capsular serotyping with monoclonal antibodies against capsular polysaccharides type 5 and 8, and zymotyping by polyacrylamide agarose electrophoresis for esterase polymorphism. A good correlation of S. aureus types was found by these four typing methods. Differentiation increased in the order capsular typing < zymotyping < phage typing < genome typing, yielding 2, 10, 20, and 26 different S. aureus types, respectively. Five of the 26 genome types were further divided into several subtypes revealing clonal relationships. When 36 French S. aureus isolates were compared with 33 German S. aureus isolates, 3 strains representing clonal populations were identical in both groups. S. aureus isolates from patients with cystic fibrosis were also typed at the beginning and the end of a 4-week summer camp for these patients. The results suggested a possible strain transmission during the summer camp. We conclude that genome typing by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis is a powerful tool not only for strain identification but also for the resolution of the clonal relationships of S. aureus strains.

Bacterial Typing Techniques↗
PubMed1993

Predicting percent body fat from circumference measurements.

All U.S. Navy service members are required to meet percent body fat (%BF) standards as a condition of military service. Naval personnel who exceed standards for %BF can be separated from active duty. Currently, %BF predictions are determined by circumference measurements and a prediction equation (circumference equation = CEQ). In view of the importance these prediction results have for personnel retention, a validation study was undertaken to determine the accuracy of %BF prediction for a population determined to be overfat by the CEQ. The population for the validation study comprised men with 22%BF or greater and women with 30%BF or greater. Values for %BF were determined for 49 men and 50 women by hydrostatic weighing (HW) and circumference measurements at the Naval Submarine Medical Research Laboratory (NSMRL) using a regression equation developed at the Naval Health Research Center (NHRC), San Diego, California. The HW and CEQ values were compared to a superset of the original NHRC population. The correlation coefficients for the NSMRL validation group were lower than those reported in the original NHRC group. The results are attributed to the restricted range of NSMRL data and greater error of prediction at extreme ranges of values. A medical diagnostic model was used to evaluate the sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value of CEQ. It shows that the Navy's current procedures produce a 6.8 to 18% false positive rate for individuals declared as having excess body fat. The data suggest that caution should be utilized when using the CEQ method for individual career decisions.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1991

Age-related features of the resting pattern-reversal visual evoked response using the dipole localization method and cortical imaging technique.

Two mathematical techniques, the dipole localization method (DLM) and the cortical imaging technique (CIT), are used to analyze the resting visual response to pattern-reversal stimulation. These methods identify certain age-related features of this evoked response that are not found by using standard topographic maps. These features include the symmetry of the N1 and P1 responses. The amplitudes of the N1 and P2 responses and the latency of N2 are also significantly different between old and young groups of test subjects, findings consistent with differences seen in conventional topographical analyses. Theoretical dipole sources and simulated cortical surface maps are also constructed for the "average" normal older subject and one patient with documented progressive frontal lobe degenerative disease. Standard topographical imaging studies of this patient were unremarkable, except for the P300 auditory response. DLM and CIT analyses of the VER components were exceptional and consistent with the clinical diagnosis. These mathematical methods appear to enhance the discriminating power of traditional electrophysiological measures.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Effect of hypoxia on psychomotor performance during graded exercise.

We evaluated the combined effects of reduced O2 (12%) and graded ergometer exercise (10, 70, and 140 W) on the performance of a psychomotor task. Six men participated in two test sessions each. Each session began with the baseline data (air) and finished with exposure data (12% or 21%, random, unidentified). The gas mixtures were air (control condition) and 12% O2-balance N2 (12% O2 condition). The psychomotor task score was degraded during the 140 W work rate of the 12% O2 condition (p less than 0.05). Reductions of the SaO2 (p less than 0.05) at each work rate proved that hypoxia existed during exercise in the 12% O2 condition. The arterial blood gases indicated that respiratory alkalosis was mixed with metabolic acidosis during the hypoxic exercise. The results differ from previously reported findings of an arousal effect of exercise on psychomotor performance and the decrement of task performance at work rates less than or equal to 50 W. We conclude that hypoxia degraded the performance of the psychomotor task during graded exercise.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Age-related features of the resting and P300 auditory evoked responses using the dipole localization method and cortical imaging technique.

Two mathematical techniques, the dipole localization method (DLM) and the cortical imaging technique (CIT), are used to analyze the resting and P300 auditory responses in young and old normal volunteers. These methods identify certain age-related features of these evoked responses that are not found by standard topographic methods. These features include the orientation of the P200 resting response, and the laterality of the N120 response, and the eccentricity of the P300 response in the P300 stimulus condition. Theoretical dipole sources and simulated cortical surface maps are also constructed for one normal subject and one psychiatric inpatient and compared. These mathematical methods appear to enhance the discriminating power of traditional electrophysiological measures.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Performance and preference with various VDT phosphors.

Subjects searched for target letters and symbols in VDT displays produced with green, amber, yellow, red, blue, and white phosphors. The green was rated more highly than yellow, and blue was rated worst. There were no significant differences in search time, but there were significant differences in the number of errors made with different phosphors. Yellow produced the fewest errors and white the most. Speed and accuracy did not correlate with the preference ratings for the various phosphors.

Journal Article↗