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Biomedical subjects

C Serrano

Publications and source records attributed to C Serrano.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

[Acceptance of, compliance with and tolerance to antiretroviral treatment in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection].

BACKGROUND: The objective of the study is to assess the acceptance, compliance and side effects of antiretroviral therapy in relation to age, gender, risk group, HIV infection stage and type of treatment. METHODS: This is a cohort-observational study. Inclusion criteria were: consecutive non-selected IIV patients in which antiretroviral treatment was indicated on medical grounds. The study was carried out from February 1990 to February 1996. We measured: a) poor compliance, when suspicion (by medical history, analytical data and administered drug control by the hospital pharmacy) more than a 25% of prescribed treatment was not taken; b) adverse events that obliged to discontinued the drug; and c) long-term therapy, when treatment acceptance and compliance and regular follow-up was stated. Statistics methods: Ji-square and Student's t- test. RESULTS: 567 patients were included, with a median follow up of 609 days. Male 413, female 154. Mean age: 32.9 years. Average CD4+ cells: 0.260 x 10(9)/L. There was a history of intravenous drug use (IDU) in 60.4% of cases and CDC classification group C (1993) 34.2%. Antiretroviral treatment was refused by 16.6% of patients, more frequently IDU patients (21.3%, p < 0.0001). There was a drop-out rate of 17.3%, with no differences among different groups. Poor compliance was found in 23% of cases, more frequently in IDU and group-C patients. Adverse events were observed in 22.6% of cases, more frequently in female (33.8%, p < 0.0004) and group C patients (28.6%, p < 0.04). The treatments used (AZT monotherapy, DDI monotherapy, AZT DDI and AZT + DDC) had no influence on compliance or follow-up. Long-term follow-up and compliance was achieved in 47.6% of patients, with a lesser degree in IDU (42.4%, p < 0.002) and group C patients (39.7%, p < 0.006). CONCLUSIONS: HIV-infected patients treated with antiretroviral agents, not enrolled in clinical trials, had similar rates of compliance that patients with other chronic diseases. Treatment refusal and poor compliance were more frequent in IDU patients, while adverse events were more frequent in patients with more advanced HIV infection stage.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Intussusception: trapped peritoneal fluid detected with US--relationship to reducibility and ischemia.

PURPOSE: To determine the frequency and meaning of fluid inside the intussusception at ultrasound (US) and its relationship to irreducibility and ischemia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: US enabled the diagnosis of intussusception in 145 cases. Shape and axial diameters of the area of fluid were determined. US-guided hydrostatic reduction was attempted in 144 cases. RESULTS: Fluid was present in the intussusception in 20 cases (14%) and appeared on axial images as an anechoic crescent between both serosal layers of the enfolded and everted intussusceptum. No cystic structural anomaly was detected at surgery. Rates of reduction were 89% (111 of 125) in cases without fluid and 26% (five of 19) in cases with fluid (P < .001). At surgery, ischemia was absent in all 14 cases without fluid and present in 10 of 20 cases with fluid; necrosis was present in two cases with fluid. Areas of fluid greater than 14 x 5 mm, especially if associated with fluid in the dilated apex of the intussusception, were strongly related to irreducibility and ischemia (odds-likelihood ratio, 67.5). CONCLUSION: Fluid seen inside the intussusception represented trapped peritoneal fluid. Substantial amounts of fluid were associated with irreducibility and ischemia.

Ascitic Fluid↗
PubMed1996

[Movement disorders and AIDS].

We describe the clinical characteristics, causes and response to treatment in 6 patients with AIDS who presented with abnormal movement disorders between January 1987 and July 1993 in our hospital, 3 with hemiballismus-hemichorea, 1 with athetosis, 1 myoclonia and 1 with "rubric" tremor. Brain imaging showed lesions in the corpus striatum in all the patients. Suspected diagnoses were cerebral toxoplasmosis in 4, cerebral lymphoma in 1 and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in 1. The toxoplasmosis patients showed improvement (2 cases) or disappearance (2 cases) of movements with antiparasitic therapy. Treatment provided no benefit to the patients with leukoencephalopathy and lymphoma. Hemiballismus-hemichorea was the most common movement disorder in AIDS patients. The underlying cause is usually lesions in the basal ganglia arising from toxoplasmosis. If the lesions are so caused, movements may improve with antiparasitic therapy.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1996

[Antiganglioside antibodies in neuropathies and motor neuronopathies].

The presence of antiganglioside antibodies is associated with several neurologic disorders. These antibodies recognize several epitopes, generally saccharides present in these glucolipids. The presence of antiGM antibodies has been described in certain clinical syndromes, the main one being multifocal motor neuropathy with and without conduction blocks. The frequency of antiGM1 class IgM antibody falls between 20 and 80% in this disease. Axon predominant Guillain-Barré syndrome is also associated with high titers of antiGM1 antibodies, although in this case class IgG is implicated. The most important association to date has been established between Miller-Fisher syndrome and the presence of antiGQ1b antibodies. Several authors have reported molecular similarities among these gangliosides and bacterial lipopolysaccharides, mainly Campylobacter iejuni. The principal aims in the study of antiganglioside antibodies are to establish their pathogenic role as well as the clinical usefulness of analyzing for them, and to discover new specificities that aid in the diagnosis and classification of neuropathies, whether they are predominantly motor disorders or chronic sensory ones.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1993

[Clinical course of primary non-obstructive megaureter: analysis of our series].

Due to the widespread use of obstetrical ultrasonography with concomitant fetal screening, congenital uropathies are usually diagnosed in asymptomatic neonates. The main issue is to distinguish those cases of dilatation which are clearly obstructive and need surgical treatment from those which are within the normal anatomical range. Out of 47 patients with primary megaureter, 23 were nonobstructive, these are the aim of our study. There were 16 males and 7 females; 13 were located on the left side, 7 on the right side and 3 were bilateral, adding up to 26 reno-ureteral units. Prenatal diagnosis was performed in 16 cases, the eldest patient diagnosed was nine. All infants were evaluated with ultrasonography, voiding cystourethrography, excretory urography and diuresis renography. The latter has been the most important test inducing us to adopt a conservative attitude. Differential renal function was more than 40% in 24 units and in 2 was more than 35%. Diuretic renograms were type IIIa (Dilated non obstructed) in 19 cases and IIIb (Dilated partially obstructed) in 7. There were 2 cases with vesicoureteral reflux in the contralateral system. We have performed ultrasonography and diuresis renography during the follow-up. There were 8 cases with type I (Normal) renograms and 17 cases with type IIIa. Only one patient developed an obstruction and was operated on. In every case differential renal function did not deteriorate. In 9 cases urography was performed in order to see the anatomical changes. They have remained asymptomatic during the follow-up except for two cases which presented urinary tract infection. BUN, creatinine and other biochemical figures remained within normal ranges.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Child↗
PubMed1990

Cranial fasciitis of childhood with reactive periostitis.

We report a rare case of cranial fasciitis in an 11-year-old girl. The patient was found to have an ossifying soft tissue mass over the occiput that was arising from the cranial periosteum and the deep fascial layer. An associated florid periosteal reaction was found in the occipital bone adjacent to the scalp mass. The computed tomography and histologic pattern of this unusual lesion are discussed. A brief review of the literature is included emphasizing the need to investigate further this completely benign lesion that frequently is confused with a malignant neoplasm.

Child↗
PubMed1990

[Prevalence, physiopathology and processes associated with hypouricemia in a hospitalized population: analysis of 27,987 analytic determinations].

A prospective analysis of 27,987 serum samples revealed a uricemia less than 2.0 mg/dl in 172 patients (prevalence of 0.61%). One hundred and six patients were being treated with more than one drug. Amongst the 21 hypouricemic patients receiving only one drug the more frequently associated drugs were beta-lactamases, salicylates at high doses, and carbamazepine. Out of the 45 hypouricemic patients who were under no treatment, there were 12 cases of pregnancies, 6 had a neoplastic disease, 2 suffered chronic hepatopathy and one presented hereditary xanthinuria. Out of 7 non treated patients, 6 were uric acid hypersecretors and only one was hyposecretor. The results indicate that hypouricemia: a) is usually associated with an elevated renal excretion of uric acid and b) it is frequently associated with the administration of drugs although it can also be included in the context of multiple systemic disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

An ELISA method for the quantification of anti-streptolysin-O antibodies.

This paper describes a new assay, based on the ELISA technique, for the quantification of antibodies to streptolysin-O (ASLO). We have compared its performances with that of a standard method (inhibition of hemolysis). Using a panel of 137 sera covering the whole range of ASLO titers, the results showed a good correlation between both methods but the ELISA method was more reproducible than the standard technique, thus represents a convenient alternative for the quantification of ASLO.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1989

Sonography of the painful hip in children: 500 consecutive cases.

Five hundred children with a painful hip or a limp were evaluated prospectively by plain films and sonography. The clinical, radiographic, and sonographic findings were correlated with the final diagnoses. Sonography disclosed hip effusion in 235 patients, and plain films were abnormal in 58 of these 235 patients and in four others. Both sonography and plain films were normal in 261 patients. No sonographic signs served to differentiate sterile, purulent, or hemorrhagic effusion. Follow-up sonograms were performed in 202 patients. Sonography showed that 73% of patients with presumed transient synovitis had no effusion 2 weeks after diagnosis. Patients with hip disorders other than transient synovitis had persistent effusion for more than 2 weeks; however, that was also observed in 27% of patients with presumed transient synovitis. Sonography was more sensitive than plain films for detecting hip effusion. However, sonographic detection of effusion changed the therapeutic approach in only six patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Treatment of esophageal stenosis using pneumatic dilatation].

Esophageal stenosis secondary to lye ingestion and surgical repair of esophageal atresia have been treated traditionally with bougienage. More recently, it has been described a new technique to treat them, based in the works of GRUNTZIG which employs balloon catheters for vascular stenosis. We present a series of 11 patients treated by these method, with a total of 17 stenosis. Ten patients had ingested lye and one had an esophageal atresia. We describe the method employed. 91% of the cases had a satisfactory evolution.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Chronic granulomatous disease of childhood. Report of two cases with unusual involvement of the gastric antrum and spleen.

Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) of childhood is a rare entity. The disease is characterized by recurrent infections with granuloma and abscess formation caused by an inherited defective neutrophil leukocyte function. The most common sites of involvement are the lungs, lymph nodes, skin, liver, spleen and bones. Rarely are other organs affected. Two children with CGD are presented. The children were cousins, the older with bone, lung and splenic involvement. The younger had circumferential thickening of the gastric antrum. Some of the lesions were well delineated with ultrasonography. The unusual gastric antrum wall and focal splenic involvement in this disease are emphasized.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1988

Cisapride and metoclopramide in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease.

In a double-blind, randomized study, the clinical effects of 5 mg and 10 mg of cisapride three times daily were compared with those of 10 mg of metoclopramide three times daily in 114 patients with symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux, mainly diurnal and nocturnal heartburn and regurgitation. The symptoms significantly (P less than 0.001) improved in the three groups; the mean severity score decreased by at least 78% after four weeks of treatment. Initial symptoms were more severe in the cisapride-treated patients, especially in those receiving 10 mg three times daily; however, the patients' condition after four weeks was similar in the three groups. Central nervous system side effects were reported by one patient from each of the cisapride-treated groups and by nine of the 43 metoclopramide-treated patients (P less than 0.02). Six metoclopramide-treated patients and one cisapride-treated patient dropped out of the study because of side effects. These findings favor the use of cisapride when prokinetic treatment of gastroesophageal reflux is considered.

Adult↗