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Biomedical subjects

C Smart

Publications and source records attributed to C Smart.

30 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Fossil mammals and artefacts from the Middle Awash Valley, Ethiopia.

A review of fossil mammalian faunas from the Middle Awash indicates they span most of the later Neogene and document evolutionary change in several mammalian groups, especially Primates, Proboscidea and Artiodactyla. Oldowan artefacts first appear in the late Pliocene, while Acheulian and later industries and apparent occupation sites occur in Pleistocene beds.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Immune complexes in acute pancreatitis.

Immune complexes were detected in the sera of ten of 22 patients with acute pancreatitis using a Clq deviation assay. Five of these were positive using a second technique. There was no correlation between immune complexes and clinical or aetiological features of the pancreatitis. Two patients with immune complexes developed a benign and transient pancreatic polyarthritis. Immune complexes may provide one common path in the sequence of pathogenic events that lead to pancreatitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1977

Analysis of histoincompatibility in a natural population of the bisexual whiptail lizard Cnemidophorus tigris.

Histoincompatibility was analyzed to describe as precisely as possible the sequence of gross morphological events taking place during allograft rejection among closely related conspecifics from a natural population of the bisexual lizard Cnemidophorus tigris. Two types of rejection were noted, depending on whether the grafts were sloughed or not. Abrupt rejection was typically characterized by hemorrhaging of the graft site, scale dissolution, and eventual sloughing of the graft. This process occurred in a graded sequence. Acute rejection occurred from 15 to 20 days, subacute from 30 to 45, and subchronic from 60 to 90. In the gradual form of rejection, the allografts were gradually replaced by host tissue during a period ranging from approximately 100 to 350 days post-transplantation. Such a gradation observed in both the abrupt and gradual categories suggests that large numbers of genes and/or alleles are responsible for the antigenic properties of skin in these lizards.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Evaluation tests of computer systems concerning tri-dimensional dose calculations].

The development of irradiation techniques in radiotherapy shows a clear tendency towards the systematic use of three-dimensional (3D) information. Great efforts are being made to set up 3D conformal radiotherapy. Consequently, in the aim of greater coherence and accuracy, "the dosimetric tool" must also meet the requirements of 3D radiotherapy, as it plays a role in the treatment chain. To know if the treatment planning system is a "3D", "2D" or even "1D" system, one should not be satisfied with reading the technical documentation and the program algorithm description nor entirely trust the constructor's assertions. It is essential to clearly and precisely evaluate the possibilities of the treatment planning system. Even if it is proved not to satisfy perfectly all the tests which would qualify it as a real 3D calculation system, the study of the test results helps to give clear explanations of the dosimetric results. Two series of test cases are proposed. The first series allows us to understand in which conditions the treatment planning system takes into account the scatter influence in a volume. The second series is designed to inform us about the capability of the dose calculation algorithm when the medium encloses non-homogeneities. These test cases do not constitute an exhaustive "check-list" able to tackle completely the question of 3D calculation. They are submitted as examples and should be considered as an evaluation methodology for the software implanted in the treatment planning system.

Computer Simulation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Accessing NCI's SEER cancer data base with SeerQuery and CD-ROM.

The National Cancer Institute operates the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) cancer data base. SEER data are obtained from participating population-based registries that monitor cancer incidence and patient survival in a representative 10 percent sample of the general population. The data cover all cancers (except superficial skin cancers) in the defined regional populations. SeerQuery is a personal computer program for accessing that data on IBM-compatible personal computer compact diskettes in read-only memory (CD-ROM) form. SeerQuery facilitates rapid access to cancer data at minimal cost and effort to the user. SeerQuery is menu-driven, enabling physicians and other health care professionals to query the data base directly. They can use the data to determine cancer frequency, perform cross-tabulation, determine incidence, and calculate survival using such variables as primary cancer site, histologic type, stage, sex, age, and race. The comprehensive data base lacks many selection biases that are inherent in data reported from other sources. SeerQuery has applications in professional education and in cancer control program planning and resource allocation.

Adult↗