PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

C Sotelo-Avila

Publications and source records attributed to C Sotelo-Avila.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Morphologic diagnosis of acute tubular necrosis (ATN) by autofluorescence.

The histologic diagnosis of acute tubular necrosis (ATN) frequently poses considerable difficulty, especially in its early phases. This is particularly true in postmortem material in which autolysis is commonly present. This study was designed to assess the value of enhanced autofluorescence in the diagnosis of ATN. The method has previously been shown to be useful in the identification of myocardial infarcts in both humans and experimental animals. We studied 12 patients with a histologic and clinical diagnosis of ATN. In all, severe hypotension of diverse etiology was detected from 15 hours to seven days prior to death. In all cases, a bright yellow autofluorescence was observed in the necrotic tubules in ordinary H & E sections. In addition, enhanced autofluorescence was observed in the necrotic tubular epithelium in the unstained, paraffin-embedded sections. Nine kidney sections from five medico-legal autopsy cases undergoing autolysis from 11 to 48 hours after death were used as controls. These kidneys invariably exhibited a faint dull olive green fluorescence, quite different from the fluorescence of the necrotic tubules. No effort was made to distinguish between ischemic (tubulorrhexis) and toxic (tubulonecrosis) changes by the fluorescent method. The mechanism of the enhanced autofluorescence is not clear. We conclude that ultraviolet light examination of H & E kidney sections allows accurate recognition of ATN.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1986

Osseous choristoma of the tongue.

A 5-year-old black female, the youngest patient so far reported, presented with osseous choristoma of the tongue. The lesion was located on the dorsum of the posterior tongue at the circumvallate papillae area. The origin of the tumor is unknown; however, ossification of remnants of the branchial arches is accepted by most authorities. The tumor was pedunculated with no associated symptoms, and its excision was not followed by recurrence to date.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed1986

Primary peritoneal, omental, and mesenteric tumors in childhood.

Of 21 primary peritoneal, omental, and mesenteric tumors, 14 were cysts and seven were solid. Most of the cysts were omental-mesenteric lymphangiomas; the sole exception was a cystic mesothelioma in a newborn. The solid tumors included three multicentric hamartomas, three sarcomas of undetermined histogenesis, and one immature teratoma. Since cystic lymphangiomas carry a good prognosis following surgical excision, they must be distinguished from cysts of mesothelial origin. Solid hamartomas may simulate malignant tumors because of multicentricity and immature tissue composition. Although peritoneal sarcomas of undetermined histogenesis are apt to be large, composed of primitive cells, and disposed to the development of implants, current treatment modalities may control the disease. One of three treated patients survived for 8 years. A child with a solid immature teratoma without a malignant germ-cell component remains free of disease 5 years after diagnosis. Our review, which represents the combined experience of two children's hospitals over several decades, did not include tumors such as malignant mesothelioma, lipoma, liposarcoma, leiomyoma, mesenchymoma, fibromatosis, and other neoplasms, which may rarely arise in the peritoneum, omentum, and mesentery of children.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1986

Renal and extrarenal rhabdoid tumors in children: a clinicopathologic study of 14 patients.

The clinical and pathologic features of 14 children with rhabdoid tumors are presented. Eight patients had primary renal neoplasms and six had extrarenal tumors. The eight renal rhabdoid tumors were identified among 514 primary renal neoplasms collected at four pediatric institutions. Six patients were under 1 year of age; five children died of tumor-related causes, four of them within 4 months of diagnosis and one 17 months postnephrectomy. Another patient died of sepsis 12 days postnephrectomy. One is alive 13 months postnephrectomy, and one was lost to follow-up evaluation. The most common sites of metastasis were the lymph nodes (seven children) and the lungs (three patients). Three infants with renal rhabdoid tumors had, in addition, intracranial masses, two of which manifested clinically before the detection of the renal tumors, in one confirmed to be a primitive neuroectodermal tumor. Five of the 6 extrarenal tumors were identified among 155,926 surgical pathology specimens examined in the same children's hospitals over the same period of time; the remaining extrarenal rhabdoid tumor was received in consultation from a community hospital. The extrarenal rhabdoid tumors occurred in the dorsum of the right foot, liver, soft tissue of the right chest wall, left temporal lobe, left leg, and left thoracic paraspinal region. The ages ranged from 6 weeks to 15 years and two months. Three patients died of tumor-related causes within 4 months of diagnosis; one was a term stillborn. Two are alive, 1 month and 70 months postdiagnosis. Common sites for metastases included the lungs (three patients), and liver and lymph nodes (two children each). Patients with renal and extrarenal rhabdoid tumors are of similar age, have a similar clinical course, with early metastases and poor response to therapy. Primitive neuroectodermal intracranial tumors have been identified in several reported patients with renal rhabdoid tumors; similar brain tumors have not been documented in patients with extrarenal rhabdoid tumors. The histogenesis of this tumor remains unknown.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1986

Osteoradionecrosis of the ossicular chain.

Osteoradionecrosis of the temporal bone is a well-known sequela of radiotherapy for neoplasms at the base of the skull. Presenting symptoms include otalgia, chronic aural drainage, and hearing loss, which can be conductive, sensorineural, or mixed. The conductive component has been hypothesized to be caused by radionecrosis of the ossicular chain. This case report documents the existence of osteoradionecrosis of the ossicular chain in a 10-year-old boy operated on for resection of extensive osteoradionecrosis of the temporal bone.

Child↗
PubMed1985

Clear cell sarcoma of the kidney: a clinicopathologic study of 21 patients with long-term follow-up evaluation.

The clinical and pathologic features of 21 children with clear cell sarcoma of the kidney are presented. These cases were identified among 517 primary renal tumors collected from four pediatric institutions. Abdominal mass and hematuria were the usual presenting signs. The male to female ratio was 1.3 to 1. Although the mean age at diagnosis was 3 years, the sarcomas were diagnosed earlier in boys (2 years, 7 months) than in girls (3 years, 7 months). Tumor size and weight may have accounted for this difference, since the average tumor weights were 899 g for boys and 635 g for girls. Right kidney locations predominated (14 cases). The most common site for metastasis was the skeleton (12 patients), and the skull was almost invariably involved (10 children). Bone metastases preceded the development of metastases elsewhere in nine patients, in five of whom the involvement was polyostotic. Of the 12 patients with osseous metastases, nine died within five years of diagnosis, and one died eight years and nine months after diagnosis; the remaining two patients were successfully treated with a combination of surgery, radiotherapy, and actinomycin D, vincristine, cyclophosphamide, and Adriamycin. Eight of the nine patients with lung metastases died within five years of diagnosis. Until substantial proof is found that clear cell sarcoma of the kidney is related to nephroblastoma, its identification as a non-Wilms' sarcoma would seem to be appropriate. This tumor is not the only sarcoma of the kidney, but it appears to be the most common renal sarcoma of childhood.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Hodgkin's disease in a child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Hodgkin's disease as a second malignancy in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia is of rare occurrence, with the first such case having only recently been described. The therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia may alter the pattern of presentation of Hodgkin's disease and its histology, making diagnosis difficult. In this report we discuss the clinical, histologic, and ultrastructural findings of a child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in remission who had pulmonary involvement as an unusual initial presentation of Hodgkin's disease.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1983

Omental-mesenteric myxoid hamartomas. Infantile lesions simulating malignant tumors.

Three infants presented with multiple nodular tumors of the omentum and mesentery characterized histologically by plump mesenchymal cells in a myxoid, well-vascularized stroma. Electron microscopy of one tumor revealed reticulated inclusions in dilated cisterna of endoplasmic reticulum. Diagnoses by the original pathologist, or by consultants from referral centers in the United States included liposarcoma, primitive sarcoma, possible leiomyosarcoma, and fibromatosis, but the subsequent evolution of the patients questions the validity of such diagnoses. Two patients received what was deemed ineffective therapy, yet survived with no evidence of disease for over a decade of close follow-up. Another patient received no therapy other than the initial surgery, and has been well for more than a year. Infantile lesions may show deceptive features of immaturity and high cellularity that are apt to be confused with a true malignancy. Omentalmesenteric "myxoid" lesions are probably hamartomatous in origin.

Diagnostic Errors↗
PubMed1981

Mesenchymal renal tumors in infancy: a reappraisal.

Eight cases of primary mesenchymal renal tumor in infants under one year of age were studied. The patients' ages ranged from one day to seven months; all but one were diagnosed within the first three months of life. There were four typical congenital mesoblastic nephromas. Two malignant mesenchymal, one intermediate case of difficult classification designated as "cellular variant" of congenital mesoblastic nephroma, and one hemangioendothelioma. All patients were alive and free of tumor 3 9/12 to 18 10/12 years after surgery. Of the four infants with congenital mesoblastic nephroma, one was treated by tumor excision alone; nearly 13 years later this patient was free of tumor. A high degree of cellularity and a high nucleus-cytoplasm ratio were features that characterized the tumor diagnosed as "cellular variant" of congenital mesoblastic nephroma. A sarcomatous gross appearance with cavitation necrosis was seen in the two instances of malignant mesenchymal nephroma; one of these metastasized to the lung, whereas in the other, though no metastases developed, all the histologic details of the previous case were reproduced, including distinct foci of necrosis and a high mitosis rate. Mesenchymal renal tumors in young infants constitute a set more heterogeneous than has been previously assumed. They should not be considered uniformly benign. As a group, they span the whole spectrum between benign, morphologically quiescent lesions, clinically and pathologically intermediate or indeterminate ones, and outright malignant tumors with a high risk of distant spread.

Female↗
PubMed1980

Congenital fibrosarcoma: presence of a histiocytic component.

We describe the histologic and ultrastructural appearance of a massive soft-tissue tumor in the left lower extremity of a newborn girl. In its clinical presentation and morphologic features, this tumor corresponded to the entity currently known as congenital fibrosarcoma. The variability of histologic conformation of these lesions is emphasized. Ultrastructural study disclosed many cells with the subcellular morphology of elements of the histiocytic-macrophagic series. Whether these cells are viewed as an integral part of the tumor or as a secondary feature, their presence in a congenital fibrosarcoma is of interest for understanding of biologic behaviour of these uncommon tumors.

Female↗
PubMed1980

Granulomatous encephalitis, intracranial arteritis, and mycotic aneurysm due to a free-living ameba.

Primary amebic meningoencephalitis and granulomatous amebic encephalitis are well recognized clinicopathological entities caused by free-living amebas. Associated arteritis and "mycotic aneurysms" with infiltration of intracranial arteries by lymphocytes, amebic trophozoites and cysts have not been previously reported. A 26-month-old girl had a 3-week history of encephalitis, characterized, initially, by vomiting and low-grade fever. Subsequently, she developed ataxia, generalized weakness, lethargy, and esotropia. The first CSF showed 490 RBC/microliters, 705 WBC/microliters with 90% mononuclears. Her pupils reacted briskly to light. Moderate nuchal rigidity, nystagmus, fixed downward gaze, anisocoria, bilateral 6th nerve palsy, left arm monoparesis and left Babinski were present. CAT scan revealed slight symmetrical dilatation of anterior horns of lateral ventricles and an area of abnormal enhancement above the 3rd ventricle. She died 14 days after admission, 5 weeks after onset of symptoms. The brain showed focal necrotizing encephalopathy, involving thalami, cerebellum, brain stem, and cervical and upper thoracic spinal cord. Numerous free-living amebic trophozoites and cysts were present within a chronic granulomatous encephalitis. There were trombosis of basilar, posterior cerebral, and vertebral arteries with profuse chronic panarteritis, fibrinoid necrosis, and mycotic aneurysms.

Amebiasis↗
PubMed1980

Complete and incomplete forms of Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome: their oncogenic potential.

The diagnosis of Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome may be missed because of variable or incomplete clinical expression. Recognition of such patients is important, however, because they have the potential for development of neoplasia. It seems likely that BWS and the congenital asymmetry-abdominal malignancy syndrome are at either end of the same spectrum, and that intermediate forms are the connecting links.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1980

Diastematomyelia associated with teratomas. Report of two cases.

Diastematomyelia, a complete or incomplete sagittal division of the neural axis into halves, is usually accompanied by a number of other malformations. However, true teratomas arising in dorsal juxtaposition to the spinal axis and associated with diastematomyelia are extremely rare. In this paper, two infants with this neoplastic-malformative complex are discussed. The two most prevalent hypotheses in the pathogenesis of diastematomyelia are reviewed. The hypothesis of a persistent neurenteric canal continues to be generally accepted, but, until more is known about the pathogenesis of extragonadal human teratomas, it is not possible to say how these neoplasms relate to the associated spinal cord malformation. Individually, each of the lesions present is extremely rare; it is possible that their concurrence in two patients may not be purely coincidental.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗