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Biomedical subjects

C Swenson

Publications and source records attributed to C Swenson.

31 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Relationship of plasma epinephrine and circulating eosinophils to nocturnal asthma.

The mechanisms of nighttime airway obstruction are not fully established, but include circadian fluctuations in epinephrine and cortisol. To evaluate the relationship of circadian patterns in epinephrine and cortisol to nighttime airflow obstruction, 10 young adult asthma patients (ages 19 to 25 yr) were admitted to a hospital clinical research unit for a 3-day study during which plasma concentrations of epinephrine, cortisol, and histamine were determined along with white blood cell and eosinophil counts every 6 h (1600, 2200, 0400, and 1000 h). Six of the 10 patients experienced at least one episode of nocturnal asthma (defined by more than a 15% decrease in antemeridian (A.M.) to postmeridian (P.M.) FEV1 values). Plasma epinephrine levels (pg/ml) showed a circadian pattern, and the concentration at 2200 h was significantly (p = 0.039) different for the nocturnal and non-nocturnal asthma groups. Circulating eosinophil numbers were greater in subjects who had more frequent episodes of nocturnal asthma, and correlated with the frequency of nocturnal asthma (r = 0.732, p = 0.02, Spearman rank correlation) and average percent decrease in FEV1 (r = 0.667, p = 0.035). Plasma cortisol concentrations also showed circadian patterns, but no direct association with nocturnal asthma; plasma histamine concentrations showed no circadian patterns and no association with nocturnal asthma. Our findings indicate that changes in plasma epinephrine precede the development of nocturnal airway obstruction and contribute to the likelihood of nighttime airflow obstruction.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

A longterm endoscopic evaluation of patients with arthritis treated with nabumetone vs naproxen.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the gastrointestinal safety, ulcerogenic potential, and clinical efficacy over 5 years of nabumetone and naproxen therapy, in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or osteoarthritis (OA). METHODS: Fifty-two patients entered a randomized, double blind study. Patients were randomized to 3 months treatment with either nabumetone, 1000 mg nightly, or naproxen, 250 mg twice daily, followed by an endoscopist-blind 5-year followup study. After the double blind phase, 15 patients in the nabumetone group and 12 in the naproxen group continued in the longterm endoscopist-blind phase. Endoscopic evaluations for gastroduodenal damage and global assessments of arthritis activity and degree of pain for efficacy were measured. RESULTS: Over the 5-year period, endoscopically visible gastroduodenal ulceration was found in 8 of the naproxen treated patients compared with one of the nabumetone treated patients (p = 0.02). There was a significant difference in the time to develop an ulcer, with a greater risk of developing an ulcer sooner while taking naproxen (p < 0.01). Patients in both groups reported significant improvements in arthritis symptoms (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Nabumetone appears to have a significantly lower ulcerogenic potential than naproxen over a 5-year period, and there is a trend toward better tolerability as measured by withdrawals for adverse experiences.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Immunotherapy of murine sarcomas with auto-anti-idiotypic monoclonal antibodies which bind to tumor-specific T cells.

Hybridomas producing monoclonal antibodies (mAb) were obtained from BALB/c mice immunized against either of two transplanted, chemically induced syngeneic sarcomas, MCA-1490 or MCA-1511. Two mAb, 4.72 and 5.96, were obtained, one from each immunization. They were found to have apparent anti-idiotypic specificity in that they, when injected s.c., primed naive BALB/c mice for delayed-type hypersensitivity that was specific for the immunizing tumor and required homology at genes linked to the Igh-1 allotype locus. Neither mAb bound tumor antigen. When mice with established transplants of MCA-1490 or MCA-1511 were treated by repeated i.p. injections of the appropriate anti-idiotypic mAb (4.72 and 5.96, respectively), a significant reduction in tumor growth was observed in those mice that had received the appropriate mAb. The idiotope defined by mAb 4.72 was expressed by T cells in mice responding to MCA-1490. mAb 4.72 bound to T cell suppressor factors that were specific for MCA-1490 and were derived from T cell hybridomas or sera of mice bearing MCA-1490. mAb 4.72 also bound to cells from lymph nodes draining the area of a growing MCA-1490 tumor. It was used, in combination with cell sorting, to establish a T cell line, which mediated delayed-type hypersensitivity to MCA-1490 and inhibited the outgrowth of MCA-1490 in BALB/c mice. Thus, mAb specific for idiotopes on T cells responding to syngeneic tumor antigen had both direct immunotherapeutic activity and could be used to establish cultures of tumor-reactive T cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Spherocytosis associated with anaplasmosis in two cows.

Spherocytes were detected on blood smears of 2 Angus cows. The RBC from both cows had increased fragility in hypotonic saline solution, supporting the presence of spherocytes. Other laboratory tests revealed a macrocytic, regenerative anemia with anisocytosis, polychromasia, basophilic stippling, Howell-Jolly bodies, nucleated RBC, and Anaplasma marginale organisms. A complement-fixation test was positive for anaplasmosis in cow 1 and a direct Coombs' test was positive for immunoglobulin G in both cows.

Anaplasmosis↗
PubMed1986

Fibroblast growth enhancing activity of tumor necrosis factor and its relationship to other polypeptide growth factors.

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a monocyte-derived protein cytotoxic or cytostatic for some tumor cell lines. Here we show that highly purified E. coli-derived recombinant human TNF stimulated the growth of human FS-4 diploid fibroblasts. Stimulation of cell growth was demonstrable at a TNF concentration of 10 pg/ml (3 X 10(-13) M). Maximal stimulation was attained at TNF concentrations of 10 ng/ml (3 X 10(-10) M) or higher. Growth-stimulatory activity of TNF was inhibited by an mAb neutralizing the cytotoxic activity of TNF. Growth stimulation was not inhibited by another mAb specific for TNF, lacking neutralizing activity for the cytotoxic activity of TNF. Growth stimulation by TNF was more marked and more sustained in the presence of greater than or equal to 10% FCS than in medium with less than or equal to 5% FCS. Addition of TNF to confluent FS-4 cultures also produced a marked stimulation of cell growth in the presence of fresh FCS, while a much less marked stimulation was seen in the absence of FCS. Stimulation of confluent cultures by TNF in serum-free medium was enhanced by insulin, suggesting that insulin or insulin-like growth factor(s) in the serum can act synergistically with TNF in producing growth stimulation. While the growth-stimulatory effects of TNF and insulin were synergistic, the actions of TNF and epidermal growth factor (EGF) were less than additive, suggesting that TNF and EGF may activate identical or similar pathways. We conclude that stimulation of cell growth is probably a physiological function of TNF, and that the cytotoxic and cytostatic actions of TNF may be the result of an anomalous growth signal transduction in neoplastic cells lacking the constraints of normal growth control mechanisms.

Cell Cycle↗
PubMed1985

A possible case of carbamazepine-induced pancreatitis.

At least 25 different drugs have been implicated in drug-induced pancreatitis. For some drugs the evidence is strong, but for many a contradictory or incomplete association exists between their administration and the occurrence of pancreatitis. To our knowledge, carbamazepine has not been associated with pancreatitis. We report a case of a 73-year-old female on carbamazepine 200 mg bid for partial complex seizures who developed nausea, fatigue, anorexia, malaise, headache, and increased thirst. After carbamazepine discontinuation, the patient noted an almost immediate decrease in all symptoms. Her seizures are now treated successfully with phenytoin.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Age-related decline in lysosomal enzyme release from polymorphonuclear leukocytes after N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine stimulation.

Aging is assumed to decrease lysosomal enzyme release from polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN). A synthetic chemotactic peptide, N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMet-Leu-Phe) was utilized to stimulate enzyme release of PMN from 45 human subjects, 21 males and 24 females, ranging in age from 22-83 yr old. Results of the studies showed no sex differences in the stimulation of enzyme release for either age group. However, stimulation was found to significantly decline in both males and females over 50 yr old compared to subjects under 50 yr old. The linear formulae for beta-glucuronidase, beta-galactosidase and lysozyme in male subjects were Y = 6.5X + 617.2, Y = -1.9X + 311.5 and Y = -1.9X + 327.3 with correlation coefficient of -0.685, -0.352 and -0.401, respectively. The linear formulae in females were Y = -5.2X + 536.6, Y = -3.0X + 340.6 and Y = -1.7X + 333.6 with correlation coefficient of -0.582, -0.303 and -0.462, respectively. These findings suggest that there was an age-related decline of response to the stimulant, fMet-Leu-Phe.

Adult↗