Biomedical subjects

C T Charrel

Publications and source records attributed to C T Charrel.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1982

[Intrabronchial diffusion of amoxycillin when administered by two different injection modes (author's transl)].

Twelve ICU patients, all with broncho-pulmonary infection were treated with 50 mg/kg-1/24 h-1 of amoxycillin administered every eight hours, either by one hour perfusion, or by brief IV injection (2'). Both modes were given to all of the patients in order to determine, by comparison, the most efficient treatment. There is no significant difference in serum levels after perfusion or IV injection. However, IV injection is preferable because of a significant difference in bronchial levels after 3 hours (p less than 0.01). In most cases, the bronchial levels and the bronchio/serum concentration ratios, while not significantly different, are higher than after perfusion. None of the results justify the use of perfusion.

Amoxicillin↗

PubMed1981

[Serial measurement of serum levels of amikacin. Value in therapy].

Amikacin serum levels were measured 256 times in 65 patients admitted into the intensive care unit for various reasons over 18 months. These measurements confirmed the dosage of 5 micrograms per kg repeated every 8 hours in patients with normal renal function. Forty eight hours before the first measurement, a control assay is essential to check that there is no residual antibiotic and that the antibacterial activity of the serum is zero. After this a single weekly control is sufficient to check that the residual level is effective and non toxic, i.e. between 2 and 6 micrograms per ml. However, in patients with acute renal insufficiency, there are three dosage schemas which should be used depending on the creatinine level. These three schemas are nevertheless not sufficient to continue effective therapy without a risk of toxic side effects. It is therefore necessary to check both the pack levels and the residual levels regularly from the beginning of treatment. Two to three weekly controls are essential to avoid a risk of toxic side effects.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1977

[Bacteroides fragilis septicemia].

On the basis of eight cases of Bacteroides fragilis septicaemia, the authors review recent data from the literature related to this topic. They first note the increasing prevalence, accounting for approximately 10 per cent of all septicaemias at the present time. They note that the most frequent portals of entry are sites of localised suppuration, related on the one hand to digestive or gynaecological surgery and, secondly, to the post-partum or post-abortum period. From a therapeutic standpoint, they stress the important role of imidazole derivatives (metronidazole or tinidazole) which are the most effective antibiotics at present. Certain authors even suggest their use on a preventive basis in high risk subjects.

Adult↗

PubMed1976

[Treatment of septicemia and severe infections with a cefradine-tobramycin combination].

The cefradine-tobramycine association was used in 11 cases of septicaemia and in 10 cases of non-septicaemic severe poly-infections. In 15 cases, the treatment was undertaken because of the serious state of the patients before the bacteriologic results were known. This association is characterized by its great effectiveness and its very good tolerance, mainly from the renal point of view. The results shown here corroborate those two elements.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Evaluation of 1200 venous catheterizations in reanimation].

The authors present a series of 1247 venous catheterizations during resuscitation, the latter being carried out under particularly strict aseptic conditions. This series contains especially: - 364 internal jugular catheterizations; - 223 subclavian catheterizations; - 130 femoral catheterizations. The total number of days of infusion is 6300, of which 3,619 were of prolonged parenteral feeding. 79.5 p. 100 of the catheters cultured proved to be sterile; in the case of those cultures which were positive, 6.5 p. 100 were due to pathogenic organisms, 13.9 p. 100 were due to saprophytes. On the whole, 7 septicemies of venous origin (0.56 p. 100 of all of the catheterizations) were observed. The détailed study of each route shows that the frequency of cultures of pathogen positive catheters is practically the same in all cases. On the other hand, the frequency of cultures of catheters positive with saprophytes is evidently higher for the internal jugular vein; this being particularly true in the male where the role of the beard as a contaminating factor is evoked. The importance of asepsis in the procedure of putting venous catheters in place and in their maintenance seems to be welle demonstrated by the results presented.

Catheterization↗