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C T Huang

Publications and source records attributed to C T Huang.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

The occurrence of Candida in hospital patients and normal subjects.

The distribution of different Candida species and different serogroups of C. albicans have been analysed. C. albicans is by far the most predominant species isolated from all clinical specimens. Group A of C. albicans was isolated 10 times more frequently than group B strains from patients who had respiratory infection and 4.4 times more frequently from those who had other clinical conditions. However, both serogroups were isolated at comparable frequencies from the genitals. In the instances where repeated isolation were made, colonization by one serogroup often occurs to the exclusion of the other serogroup and species. Thus, it was frequently observed that individual patients often gave repeated isolation of one serogroup of C. albicans only. These findings are of obvious diagnostic relevance and may facilitate the evaluation of possible clinical significance of laboratory studies.

Bronchial Diseases↗
PubMed1976

Comparison of patterns of fecal bile acid and neutral sterol between children and adults.

The patterns of bile acids and neutral sterols in the feces of five infants under 1 1/2 years of age, five children 4 years of age, and nine adult subjects without histroy of gastrointestinal diseases were studied by gas-liquid chromatography. Progressive changes in both bile acid and neutral sterol profiles were observed with maturation in infants and children. The patterns in the 4 year olds appraoched those observed in adults. In the infants under 1 1/2 years, cholic and chenodeoxycholic acids constituted 20.7 +/- 4.8% and 7.5 +/- 2.3% of the total bile acid in the stool, respectively. Deoxycholic and lithocholic acids made up only 4.4 +/- 1.7% and 2.9 +/- 1.0%, respectively. In the 4 year olds, the corresponding primary bile acids decreased to 3.9 +/- 1.9% and 5.6 +/- 4.3%, whereas secondary bile acids increased to 21.3 +/- 5.4% and 33.2 +/- 2.2%. Normal adults on regular mixed diets had only small amounts of primary bile acids (2.4 +/- 0.5% and 3.4 +/- 0.6% for cholic and chenodeoxycholic acids). The secondary bile acids in their feces were 34.3 +/- 2.2% and 38.9 +/- 2.0%, respectively. In the neutral sterol fraction, unmodified cholesterol decreased with age: 94.7 +/- 3.7%, 27.0 +/- 1.5% and 25.0 +/- 4.8% of the total neutral sterols in the feces for infants, children, and adults, respectively. On the other hand, coprostanol, the principal metabolite of cholesterol in humans, increased with age: 3.8 +/- 3.4%, 62.6 +/- 3.5% and 65.8 +/- 4.7% for the respective groups. Total bile acid excretion expressed as mg/day, also increased with age: 34 +/- 17, 47 +/- 17 and 293 +/- 69 (for five adult subjects only) for the respective groups. These differences disappeared, however, when the data were expressed as mg/kg of body weight per day: 3.8 +/- 2.0, 3.0 +/- 1.1, and 4.1 +/- 1.0 for the respective groups. Daily excretion of cholesterol metabolites, when expressed as mg/day increased with age: 139 +/- 38, 278 +/- 54 and 719 +/- 211 (for five adult subjects only) for the respective groups. The corresponding values after correction by body weight were 15.4 +/- 4.5, 17.9 +/- 3.0 and 10.3 +/-3.0 mg/kg per day for the respective groups. The production of coprostanol was correlated with 7 alpha-dehydroxylation of cholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Fecal steroids in diarrhea. I. Acute shigellosis.

Fecal bile acid and neutral sterol patterns of five healthy adult male volunteers, who were challenged by a virulent Shigella flexneri 2a (M42-43) strain and developed dysentery were studied. It was observed that cholic acid was increased from 1.9 +/- 0.4% of total bile acid in the feces before infection to 14.5 +/- 2.1% during diarrhea (P less than 0.001). Chenodeoxycholic acid also was increased from 3.2 +/- 0.7 to 8.7 +/- 3.2% in diarrhea but the difference was not significant statistically. Deoxycholic and lithocholic acids constituted 34.1 +/- 4.1 and 40.5 +/- 2.8%, respectively, of total bile acid in the normal controls as compared to 13.9 +/- 2.5 and 24.8 +/- 2.5% for the same subjects during diarrhea (P less than 0.005). Total excretion of bile acids, expressed as mg/kg of body weight per day, were higher in diarrhea (5.4 +/- 1.0) than that in controls (4,2 +/- 1.0) but the difference was not statistically significant. In the neutral sterol fraction, unmodified cholesterol was increased during diarrhea (86.2 +/- 8.7 versus 25.0 +/- 4.8% of total cholesterol metabolites in controls, P less than 0.001). Coprostanol was decreased in shigellosis (12.2 +/- 8.2 versus 65.8 +/- 4.7% in controls, P less than 0.001). Epicoprostanol, coprostanone, and unidentified cholesterol metabolites also were reduced in shigellosis. The effect of diarrhea on the plant sterols was not as consistent. However, unidentified plant sterols were reduced significantly in shigellosis stools. Total excretion of cholesterol metabolites and plant sterols, when expressed as mg/kg of body weight per day, were 6.8 +/- 1.7 and 0.6 +/- 0.2), respectively, in Shigellosis. These values were not significantly different from the corresponding values for controls (10.3 +/- 3.0 and 0.8 +/- 0.2). One subject's stool samples were studied during infection for the sequence of bile acid alteration. A progressive reduction of bacterial activity upon fecal steroids was evident following the initial diarrheal episode. The production of coprostanol was correlated with 7 alpha-dehydroxylation of cholic acid (r = 0.937, P less than 0.001) and chenodeoxycholic acid (r = 0.755, P less than 0.01).

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1976

Indirect immunofluorescence assay for antibody to germ tube of Candida albicans--a new diagnostic test.

Indirect immunofluorescent and agglutination assay were used to study the anti-Candida albicans reactivities in the serum of 13 normal subjects and 14 patients infected with C. albicans. A significant increase in anti-C. albicans seroreactivity was observed during infection with this organism but the increase in the anti-germ tube immunofluorescence titre was the more marked. It is evident that the anti-germ tube immunofluorescence assay is more discriminatory for C. albicans infection than the conventional agglutination assay.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1975

Scanning electron microscopy of epididymal ducts in the Japanese monkey (Macacus fuscatus) with special reference to the architectural analysis of stereocilia.

The luminal surface of the initial segment of the epididymal duct in the Japanese monkey was observed under a field emission type scanning electron microscope. The long, slender stereocilia projecting from the apical surface of the columnar cells were found to be closely arranged in a funnel-like form opening to the lumen. The funnels formed by stereocilia were also confirmed by observation of thin sections cut from the same specimen used for scanning electron microscopy and their bottom was located in the center of the vertex of each columnar cell.

Animals↗
PubMed1974

A one-day selective migration procedure for detecting salmonellae in faeces.

A one-day procedure for detecting salmonellae was developed and evaluated with clinical faecal specimens. The procedure was based on the selective retardation of enterobacteria in their migration through a semi-solid enrichment medium. It was shown that a pure or almost pure growth of salmonella could often be obtained within 16 to 24 hours by this method. The culture thus obtained could then be used directly for serological confirmation. The method was rapid, economical, and efficient. Clinical trials indicated an increase of 28% in the frequency of positive isolations of salmonella with this procedure as compared with the conventional multistep cultural procedures with no false-positive results. However, the method was unsatisfactory for detecting Salmonella typhi due to its slow migration through the semi-solid medium.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed1971

Colicine types of Shigella sonnei isolated in Hong Kong.

Two-hundred and twenty-five strains of Shigella sonnei isolated from sporadic cases of bacillary dysentery were subjected to colicine typing. The result showed that types 15 and 12 were the prevailing types in Hong Kong and two new types which did not fit in with the colicine patterns of the current types were observed. A marked increase in the numbers of strains concurrently resistant to chloramphenicol, tetracycline, and streptomycin occurred in recent years. However, there was no correlation between drug resistance or biochemical pattern and colicine types. Consistency of colicinogenicity was confirmed by the fact that even a rough variant of a smooth strain had not changed its colicine pattern.

Chloramphenicol↗
PubMed1971

Rates of infection with Japanese encephalitis virus of two culicine species of mosquito in Taiwan.

The role of Culex annulus as a Japanese-encephalitis (JE) vector has been drawing increasing attention recently. In this small trial, the rate of JE virus infection in C. annulus was compared with that in C. tritaeniorhynchus summorosus in the north-western coastal area of Taiwan, where both species are common as JE vectors. In order to increase the recovery rate of the virus, the mosquitos were artificially incubated at 26-28 degrees C for 10 days after collection. Two out of 6 C. t. summorosus pools and 7 out of 31 C. annulus pools, collected during a 17-day period in June 1969, were positive for JE virus. The results strongly suggest that one of the factors determining the severity of virus emergence in Taiwan is the total density of both species during the critical period of emergence of viraemic amplifiers: the relative prevalence of the two species of mosquito seems to be less important.

Animals↗