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Biomedical subjects

C Tagesson

Publications and source records attributed to C Tagesson.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Decreased absorption of ingested unconjugated chenodeoxycholic acid in patients with Crohn's disease.

The intestinal absorption of unconjugated chenodeoxycholic acid (CDA) was studied in 27 healthy individuals and 28 patients with Crohn's disease who had undergone ileal resection. After they had taken 1 g CDA orally serum levels of bile acids were significantly lower in the patients than in the healthy individuals; the difference was apparent already 30 min after ingestion. There was no correlation between CDA absorption and recurrent disease, length of ileal resection, or number of defecations. These findings indicate that the intestinal absorption of ingested CDA in patients with Crohn's disease is decreased. Since CDA is absorbed mainly in proximal areas of the gut, these observations may indicate that proximal areas are involved in ileocolic Crohn's disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Intestinal permeability to different-sized polyethyleneglycols in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

The intestinal permeability to polyethyleneglycols (PEGs) of varying size in patients with rheumatoid arthritis has been investigated. Permeability was determined by measuring the 6-hour urinary recovery of different-sized PEGs after oral intake of PEG 400, PEG 1000, or PEG 3000. Patients with rheumatoid arthritis excreted significantly less PEG 400 and PEG 1000 than healthy individuals, whereas the excretion of PEG 3000 was the same or even greater than in healthy individuals. These findings point to the possibility that intestinal permeability is altered in rheumatoid arthritis.

Absorption↗
PubMed1983

Altered intestinal permeability to low-molecular-weight polyethyleneglycols (PEG 400) in patients with Crohn's disease.

The passive intestinal permeability to different-sized low-molecular weight polyethyleneglycols (PEG 400) was studied in 24 patients with Crohn's disease, which were compared to 24 healthy persons. The recovery in 6-hour urine after oral intake was significantly lower (p less than 0.0005-0.005) in the subjects with Crohn's disease for molecules ranging between 282 and 546 in molecular weight. Mathematical modelling of the filtering properties demonstrated a lower filtering efficiency of the larger polyethyleneglycols in the patients than in the healthy individuals. The coefficient of variation for the different polymers was larger in the group of Crohn's disease patients, indicating greater heterogeneity in the intestinal filtering efficiency. In two patients the intestinal uptake of the probe molecules was increased 6 weeks after resectional surgery compared to the uptake before operation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Postprandial serum bile acids in resected and non-resected patients with Crohn's disease.

Fasting and postprandial serum conjugates of cholic acid (CCA) and chenodeoxycholic acid (CCDA) were determined by radioimmunoassay in 46 healthy individuals and 15 patients with Crohn's disease (CD), 7 bowel-resected and 8 non-resected. All patients had normal conventional liver test results, and fasting values of CCA and CCDA were within the reference ranges. Two findings appeared: the mean postprandial increases in CCA and CCDA were both lower in CD patients than than in healthy individuals, and the postprandial increase in CCA was lower in the resected patients than in the non-resected, whereas the postprandial increase in CCDA was the same in the resected and the non-resected patients. These findings show that in CD patients, whether resected or not, the postprandial levels of bile acids are low. This could reflect a decreased absorptive capacity of bile acids in the small intestine. The finding that postprandial CCA, but not CCDA, was lower in resected than in non-resected patients may reflect different sites of CCA and CCDA absorption.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Influence of fasting on intestinal permeability and disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

We have investigated the influence of fasting and lactovegetarian diet on intestinal and non-intestinal permeability in 5 patients with rheumatoid arthritis. We used low-molecular weight polyethyleneglycols (PEG 400) as probe molecules and a deterministic mathematical model to assess the permeability characteristics. Both intestinal and non-intestinal permeability decreased after fasting, but increased again during a subsequent lactovegetarian diet regime. Concomitantly it appeared that disease activity, as shown by a clinical six-joint score, first decreased and then increased again. The results indicate that, unlike lactovegetarian diet, fasting may ameliorate the disease activity and reduce both the intestinal and the non-intestinal permeability in rheumatoid arthritis.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1982

Subcellular fractionation of human intestinal mucosa by large-scale zonal centrifugation. Localization of the lysophospholipase activity in distal ileum.

The subcellular localization of lysophospholipase activity (EC 3.1.1.5) in human ileal mucosa was studied by rate-zonal and isopycnic density-gradient centrifugation. The subcellular organelles (brush borders, basolateral membranes, lysosomes, mitochondria, and endoplasmic reticulum) were fractionated on a continuous sucrose gradient and located by assay of marker enzymes. Most lysophospholipase activity was found in the brush-border membranes, although the enzyme appeared in basolateral membranes as well. The possible physiological implications of this finding are discussed in view of that lysolecithin can impair the mucosal barrier function in the distal part of ileum. The localization of lysophospholipase to the brush-border membrane could thus serve a favourable purpose, preventing an accumulation of lysolecithin that might facilitate the absorption of potentially antigenic and toxic compounds.

Centrifugation, Density Gradient↗
PubMed1982

Anti-brush border antibodies (ABBA) in Crohn's disease.

Seventy-four serum samples from patients with Crohn's disease were analysed for the presence of antibodies against various tissue antigens. With indirect immunofluorescence microscopy 61% of the patient sera were shown to possess antibodies (in a titre of 1:25 or more) reacting with rat brush border membrane antigens in the proximal tubules of the kidneys, in the gastric parietal cells, and in the bile canaliculi of the liver. Serum samples submitted for routine IF autoantibody-screening served as controls; 10% of these sera contained anti-brush border antibodies.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Passage of molecules through the wall of the gastrointestinal tract. Intestinal permeability to polyethyleneglycol 1 000 in patients with Crohn's disease.

We have investigated the intestinal permeability to polyethyleneglycol (PEG) 1 000 in 25 healthy individuals and 28 patients with Crohn's disease who had undergone ileocolic resection. The intestinal permeability was determined by measuring the 6-hour urinary recovery after oral intake of 10 g PEG 1 000. The patients with Crohn's disease excreted significantly less (p less than 0.001) PEG 1 000 than the healthy individuals (33.7 +/- 16.0 per thousand of the ingested dose vs. 48.6 +/- 15.5 per thousand). There was a correlation between the urinary output and the length of ileal resection, but no difference in output between patients with and without recurrent disease or episodic arthralgia. These findings indicate that, although the gut is considerably permeable to larger, polar molecules, and permeability to PEG 1 000 in Crohn's disease is not increased over that in healthy individuals and appears unrelated to the presence of recurrence and arthralgia.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1981

The incidence and course of perianal complications and arthralgia after intestinal resection with restoration of continuity for Crohn's disease.

The influence of bowel resection for Crohn's disease on the frequency of arthralgia and perianal manifestations was evaluated in a follow-up study of 82 patients. Arthralgia and perianal manifestations were analysed according to two separate periods: the preoperative duration of disease (4.2 +/- 3.2 years) and the postoperative duration (4.3 +/- 2.6 years). In patients operated on more than once, the time before the first and after the latest operation was included in the study. At the time of the follow-up, 19 patients suffered from recurrent disease. The frequency of arthralgia did not change after resection irrespective of whether or not there was recurrence. In patients without recurrence, however, perianal manifestations diminished after resection (P less than 0.05). In the postoperative period only 10 per cent of those without recurrence suffered from perianal lesions compared with 47 per cent of those with recurrence (P less than 0.001). If perianal lesions were in existence preoperatively, they healed spontaneously in 80 per cent of the patients without recurrence, but were still active among those with recurrence (P less than 0.001). Our results indicate that the perianal manifestations are closely connected to the inflammatory process in the intestine. On the other hand, the arthralgia seems to be independent of the inflammatory process of the bowel and may be related to a general defect of the gastrointestinal mucosa in Crohn's disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Serum bile acids after test meals and oral load of chenodeoxycholic acid.

The serum levels of conjugated cholic (CA) and chenodeoxycholic acid (CDA) were studied in 15 healthy individuals before and during 3 h after two different test meals and an oral load of CDA. The solid test meal containing 35 g fat gave less and earlier increases of CA and CDA than the liquid test meal containing 50 g fat. These findings demonstrate that the postprandial pattern of serum bile acids depends on the test meal used. After oral intake of 1 g CDA, serum levels of CDA rose faster than after the test meals, and mean maximal levels were reached after 90 min. The oral CDA loading test was also performed in 11 patients with chronic hepatitis. The results indicate that in patients with normal fasting CDA levels, this test may detect liver dysfunction. The advantages of an oral bile acid load over test meals are pointed out.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1981

Passage of molecules through the wall of the gastrointestinal tract. Increased passive permeability in rat ileum after exposure to lysolecithin.

The interaction between lysolecithin and mucosal cells in the distal ileum has been studied. Using a rat experimental model, we determined the intestinal permeability to fluorescent dextran 3000 after exposure to different amounts of lysolecithin. At pH 7.3, lysolecithin, 10 mg/ml, significantly enhanced the transmural passage, and at pH 3.5, even 1 mg/ml markedly increased the permeability. However, when lysolecithin was incubated with homogenized mucosal cells, a rapid disappearance of the compound occurred; this was accompanied by formation of free fatty acids and minor formation of lecithin. It appears, therefore, that high concentrations of lysolecithin can impair the intestinal barrier function in the distal part of ileum but that the mucosal cells are well equipped with activities for the rapid removal of such high concentrations. This could be physiologically significant, since the mucosal cells could otherwise be faced with large amounts of lysolecithin that might facilitate the absorption of potentially antigenic and toxic compounds.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Arthralgia and crystal deposits in Crohn's disease.

Ten patients with Crohn's disease and recurrent pain in the knee joints were subjected to arthroscopy. Biopsies obtained from the synovial membrane were examined under polarizing light microscopy. The arthroscopy revealed crystalline deposits in 7 patients and the microscopic examination of the synovial membrane demonstrated positively birefringent crystals in 4 patients. The crystals with positive birefringence had the rod or rhomboid shape typical of pyrophosphate crystals. As arthroscopy crystals in 7 patients and polarizing microscopy revealed crystals in one further patient, crystal deposits were thus found in 8 patients altogether. All patients had normal serum uric acid values. The crystal deposits were interpreted as pyrophosphate and their possible connection with the recurrent arthralgia in Crohn's disease is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Intravenous cholecystography is a reliable method in the diagnosis of acute cholecystitis.

To evaluate the reliability of intravenous cholecystography in the diagnosis of acute cholecystitis, 186 consecutive patients with a clinical suspicion of acute cholecystitis were investigated. The contrast medium was administered as an intravenous infusion. The gall-bladder was not visualized in 110 patients (59%), suggesting acute cholecystitis. In 105 of these patients acute cholecystitis was confirmed at operation, or by a characteristic clinical course and/or oral cholecystography done later. There were 5 false positives; four of these patients were operated on, and proved to have other serious disease of the biliary tract. Filling of the gall-bladder was obtained in 76 cases (41%). One of these patients developed acute cholecystitis with perforation of the gall-bladder, diagnosed at laparotomy. In most other patients with filling of the gall-bladder diagnoses other than acute cholecystitis were verified. Intravenous cholecystography has proved highly reliable in the diagnosis of acute cholecystitis, and can contribute to reducing the incidence of misdiagnosis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1980

Purification of an enzyme with lysophospholipase activity from rat intestinal mucosa by hydrophobic chromatography.

A method based on hydrophobic chromatography is described for the purification of a lysophospholipase from the mucosa of rat small intestine. Under the conditions used, one single chromatographic run on phenyl-Sepharose CL-4B yielded a 582-fold purification with a 79% overall recovery of enzyme activity. A subsodium dodecyl sulphate gel electrophoresis; its isoelectric point is 5.6.

Animals↗