PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

C Tancrede

Publications and source records attributed to C Tancrede.

26 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Risk factors for candidemia in patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia.

Between 1983 and 1987 the overall incidence of candidemia at the Institut Gustave Roussy, a tertiary care referral hospital for patients with cancer, increased from 0.1% (7 of 6,801) to 0.32% (24 of 7,515) (P = .009). Because acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) was the most common underlying disease in patients with candidemia, risk factors for candidemia were analyzed in this subset of patients. A case-control study comparing the eight ALL patients who had candidemia with 18 ALL control patients revealed that previous bacteremia, prolonged neutropenia, prolonged fever, prolonged administration of antimicrobial agents, treatment with multiple antimicrobial agents, and a relatively high concentration of Candida organisms in stool were significant risk factors for candidemia. In a logistic regression analysis, however, only receipt of vancomycin and/or imipenem was identified as an independent risk factor for candidemia. Further analysis showed that administration of vancomycin promoted proliferation of Candida organisms in the gastrointestinal tract and that this proliferation was associated with an increased risk of candidemia.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The use of tobramycin in severe infections (author's transl)].

The interest of tobramycin, studied here in 63 cases of severe infection, is due to several factors: --its ease of use including in cases of renal insufficiency; --the efficiency of subcutaneous administration, of particular interest to patients on anticoagulants; --its action on multi-resistant Enterobacteria and those not responding to gentamicin. Antibiotherapy is however only one of the elements of success in the treatment of severe infections, beside two factors which are often linked and determining: early treatment and the development of foci resistant to antibiotics.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Reduction of the aerobic Gram negative bacterial flora of the gastro-intestinal tract and prevention of traveller's diarrhea using oral erythromycin.

Traveller's diarrhea is mostly due to aerobic Gram-negative bacterial species, especially enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli. Until today no fully satisfactory prophylactic regimen has been designed. We have previously reported that erythromycin can eliminate Enterbacteriaceae from the human faecal flora during several weeks without recolonization by highly resistant Gram-negative aerobic organisms. This effect has been reproduced in 17 out of 18 volunteers taking 1, 2 or 3 g per day of oral erythromycin base during 5 days. This effect is due to the very high faecal concentrations of the antibiotic (2,000-4,000 micrograms/g) compared to the MIC of erythromycin on aerobic Gram-negative species (10-500 micrograms/ml). MIC of erythromycin on bacterial species which cause traveller's diarrhea are within the same range. These considerations led us to perform a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial of the efficacy of 1 g daily intake of erythromycin base in preventing traveller's diarrhea. Fourty-eight US citizens travelling to Acapulco (Mexico) were enrolled in the study. Mean duration stay was 5.87 days. Seven out of 24 subjects of the placbo group experienced diarrhea and non (p=0.0047) in the treated group. Study should be undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of oral erythromycin in preventing traveller's diarrhea in other parts of the world.

Adult↗