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Biomedical subjects

C Teale

Publications and source records attributed to C Teale.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Quality-control ranges for antimicrobial susceptibility testing by broth dilution of the Brachyspira hyodysenteriae type strain (ATCC 27164T).

There are no approved standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of the fastidious spirochete Brachyspira hyodysenteriae. An interlaboratory study was performed to establish MIC quality control ranges for six antimicrobial agents for the type strain of B. hyodysenteriae using broth dilution. The results showed that B. hyodysenteriae B78T ATCC 27164T is a suitable quality control strain. This is a first step toward standardization of methods regarding this anaerobe.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Peak flow technique and the 'windmill' trainer in older subjects admitted with acute airflow limitation.

METHODS: peak expiratory flow technique was assessed as being satisfactory or unsatisfactory in consecutive patients >60 years with an acute exacerbation of airflow obstruction, admitted to an integrated medical and elderly unit. RESULTS: at baseline assessment, 16 (25%) of 63 patients had satisfactory peak expiratory flow technique. After conventional teaching, this improved to 38 (60%) of 63 (P<0.0001). Further instruction using a 'windmill' device failed to improve the number with a satisfactory technique.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2000

Tuberculosis in older people--is it on the increase? Trends in notifications in Leeds from 1976 to 1996.

OBJECTIVES: the absolute number of notifications for tuberculosis in older people appears to have increased in Scotland. To determine if these trends are present elsewhere in the UK, we have reviewed notifications in Leeds with particular reference to non-pulmonary disease, Asian subcontinent groups and older people. METHODS: we reviewed all notifications in Leeds (total population in 1991, 681 000; population aged > or =65 years in 1991, 101 000) during the 21 years 1976-96. RESULTS: total tuberculosis notifications for all age groups fell from 34 per 10(5) in 1976 to 11 per 10(5) in 1987 and then plateaued. The incidence in those aged 65 years and over (about 34 per 10(5)) has not shown a large change, but the number of notifications in this group as a percentage of all notifications increased from about 16% in 1977 (when this group constituted 15% of the population) to 34% in 1989 (when this group constituted 16% of the population) and has remained at this level since. Numbers of cases of non-respiratory tuberculosis and tuberculosis in the older Asian population remained low throughout the 21 years. CONCLUSION: tuberculosis notification rates are much higher in older people, but the absolute numbers do not appear to be increasing.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Retrospective study of radiotherapy for lung cancer in patients aged 75 years and over.

BACKGROUND: Radiotherapy is widely used in the management of lung cancer but there are few data on its use in elderly patients. METHODS: Retrospective review of case notes of all patients aged 75 years and over referred to a regional centre for radiotherapy with a diagnosis of lung cancer over 1 year. RESULTS: Of 149 patients referred, full information was available on 144 (97%); age range 75-93 years (mean 79). Main referral sources were chest physicians [68 (44%)], general physicians [40 (28%)] and geriatricians [20 (14%)]; all patients were accepted for radiotherapy. One hundred and thirty-four (93%) had palliative treatment with most [129 (90%)] receiving 1-5 fractions over 1 week and 117 (81%) having treatment as an outpatient. Palliation appeared good for haemoptysis but less effective for the more common symptoms of dyspnoea and cough. Side effects were reported by 25 patients (18%) and were usually mild. CONCLUSION: Radiotherapy for lung cancer in this selected group of elderly patients is well tolerated with responses similar to those in younger patients.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1996

Caring for older people. Money problems and financial help.

Older people make up the largest low income group in the United Kingdom. This article gives an overview of financial help available for older people, including general information, such as pensions and low income benefits, and also particular support for those with disabilities, such as attendance allowance and assistance with residential or nursing home fees. Advice on an individual's entitlements is available from the Benefits Agency and, particularly for those with disabilities, from social workers.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Effects of self medication programme on knowledge of drugs and compliance with treatment in elderly patients.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether a programme of self medication for inpatients improves compliance with treatment and knowledge of their drugs after discharge from hospital. DESIGN: Patients were prospectively recruited from four wards: two with a self medication programme and two acting as controls. Ten days after discharge the patients were visited at home. They were questioned about their drugs, and a tablet count was undertaken. SETTING: The pharmacy department and four medical wards with an interest in elderly patients at a district general hospital, and the patients' homes. PATIENTS: 88 patients discharged to their own homes who were regularly taking one or more drugs. INTERVENTION: A hospital self medication programme in which patients are educated about their medicines and given increasing responsibility for taking them in hospital. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Compliance with and knowledge of the purpose of their medicines 10 days after discharge from hospital. RESULTS: The mean compliance score in patients taking part in the self medication programme was 95% compared with 83% in the control group (difference 12%, 95% confidence interval 4% to 21%; P < 0.02). Of the patients in the self medication group, 90% (38/42) knew the purpose of their drugs compared with 46% (17/37) in the control group (difference 44%, 26% to 63%; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: A self medication programme is an effective aid for improving compliance with and knowledge of patients' drugs after discharge.

Aftercare↗
PubMed1995

Assessment and provision of home nebulizers for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in the Yorkshire region of the U.K.

A survey was undertaken to determine the current practice in the Yorkshire Health Region for the assessment and provision of home nebulizers for adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). A detailed postal questionnaire on assessment methods was sent to each of the 22 consultant physicians in respiratory medicine. The 17 consultants who also organized the adult home nebulizer service for their health district were asked about the services offered and funding for the service. Replies were received from all consultants. All physicians use objective measurement for assessing patients for home nebulizer therapy, but there is a variable emphasis on laboratory studies, walking distance and home trials with peak flow measurements. The majority (86%) incorporate a home trial into their assessment. Many physicians also take into account subjective response to nebulized bronchodilators. There is considerable variation in the provision and funding of home nebulizer services. Those districts with a coordinated service appear to offer a more comprehensive service. A consensus on nebulizer provision, with recommendations for minimum levels of provision in each health district, should result in a more uniform delivery of service.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Community survey of home nebulizer technique by elderly people.

To determine the prevalence and nature of difficulties elderly subjects experience using home nebulizers we have studied all patients in the Leeds Health District aged 70 years and older loaned a nebulizer from the hospital for at least 6 months. Of 42 subjects with a nebulizer, 40 (95%) agreed to assessment. They had a mean age of 79 years (range 70-84 years) and mean duration of nebulizer use of 38 months (range 6-120 months). Twenty subjects had one or more problems with 14/40 (35%) rated as moderate or severe; difficulties with cleaning 16/40 (40%) and filling 7/40 (18%) were the most frequent; 13/40 (33%) were sometimes or always dependent on their carers to administer their nebulizers. Elderly subjects often experience practical difficulties, or require help from a carer, when using a home nebulizer.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1994

Childhood tuberculosis in Leeds, 1982-90: social and ethnic factors and the role of the contact clinic in diagnosis.

A retrospective analysis of childhood tuberculosis in Leeds over a nine year period (1982-90) was performed which showed that the contact clinic is important for the early detection and treatment of disease in children. Two thirds of the cases of tuberculosis in children under 15 years were diagnosed and treated at the clinic. The incidence of tuberculosis was greater in Asian than in white children and, independent of race, was greater in the most deprived area of the city.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

The association of age with the presentation and outcome of tuberculosis: a five-year survey.

Of the 411 patients notified with tuberculosis in Leeds during 1986 through 1991, case notes were available on 406 (99%) and the diagnosis of mycobacterial disease was accepted in 397 (98%). Twenty-two patients had infection with atypical mycobacteria and were excluded from analysis, as were children under 16 years. Comparison between the age groups was further restricted to white patients because of a skew distribution of Asian patients towards the younger age range. Ninety-six elderly patients (aged 65 years and older) were compared with 127 younger patients. The distribution of pulmonary and extrathoracic disease was similar as was the incidence of positive bacteriology. Elderly people had more frequent lower-zone and more frequent miliary shadowing, otherwise radiographic features were similar. Elderly people were nearly three times more likely to have reactions to antituberculous drugs, six times more likely to die from tuberculosis and over twenty times more likely than younger patients to have the diagnosis made at autopsy rather than during life.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Heaf status 12 years after infant BCG immunization.

Uncertainty exists over the long-term influence of Heaf status and immunity of infant BCG immunization. BCG is offered to all Leeds Asian infants with uptake estimated at 86%. We have examined the effect of this immunization policy on the Heaf status of all 12- to 13-year-old children tested in the city in 1988. 6363 children (431 Asians) were eligible for Heaf testing of whom 5379 (366 Asians) were tested. 90 (25%) Asians and 4596 (92%) non-Asians had a Heaf grade 0-1 with no definite previous BCG and were, using current UK Department of Health recommendations, eligible for BCG immunization. With an annual incidence of tuberculosis in Asian children in Leeds of only 6 per 100,000 it is probable that most of the 75% of Asian children who did not require immunization had persisting immunity from their infant BCG rather than as a result of primary infection. We conclude that infant BCG immunization is effective at providing appropriate immunity, avoiding repeat BCG, in most children at age 12 years.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Response to nebulized ipratropium bromide and terbutaline in acute severe asthma.

Outpatient studies on asthmatics have shown that inhaled anti-cholinergic agents decrease in efficacy as FEV1 falls. To determine whether there are changes in response to inhaled anti-cholinergics during acute bronchoconstriction we have examined the effects of nebulized ipratropium and terbutaline in nine hospitalized patients recovering from acute severe asthma. At 6 a.m. each day throughout the admission, baseline PEFR was recorded. Ipratropium bromide, 1 mg, was nebulized and PEFR measured again 1 h later. Following this, terbutaline, 5 mg, was nebulized with further measurement of PEFR 15 min after nebulization. Results were analysed by paired t-tests. Mean baseline PEFR rose from 157 l m-1 on patients worst day to 300 l m-1 on their best day (P less than 0.01). Ipratropium improved mean PEFR by 55 l m-1 and 42 l m-1 on patients worst and best days respectively (P less than 0.01). Subsequent terbutaline improved mean PEFR on patients worst day by 23 l m-1 (P less than 0.01) but only by a non-significant 4 l m-1 on their best day (P = 0.09). Hence, ipratropium produced 96% of total bronchodilatation when baseline was highest, but achieved only 71% of total response when baseline was lowest, a highly significant change in response (P less than 0.01). We conclude that in acute severe asthma as baseline PEFR rises response to inhaled ipratropium improves, compared with total response to combined ipratropium followed by terbutaline.

Acute Disease↗