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Biomedical subjects

C Tosoni

Publications and source records attributed to C Tosoni.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Corneal thickness in glaucoma: an important parameter?

Central corneal thickness was measured by pachometry in 49 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), 41 with ocular hypertension (OHT), 14 with normal tension glaucoma (NTG) and 48 normal subjects. The mean corneal thickness of the OHT patients was significantly greater than that of the normal control group. The NTG patients, on the other hand, had a cornea on average thinner than the normals. These differences may cause misclassification of normals with a thick cornea as ocular hypertensive eyes or, contrarywise, cause those normals whose IOP is underestimated because of a thin cornea to be classed as NTG patients.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Quantitative mapping of the retinal thickness at the posterior pole in chronic open angle glaucoma.

The sensitivity of a new device, which is able to measure the thickness of the retina at the posterior pole (Retinal Thickness Analyzer), was assessed in a group of 21 glaucomatous patients, and in 24 patients with ocular hypertension. The specificity of RTA was evaluated in a control group of normal eyes. Of the glaucomatous eyes, 57.6% had a significant reduction in retinal thickness, while another 30.3% were borderline. In the ocular hypertension group, 37.5% of eyes were abnormal, and 45.8% were borderline. In the control group, no eye was abnormal, though 42.9% had borderline alterations. In many glaucomatous eyes (81.8%) there was a relationship between retinal thickness loss and visual field defects.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Cutaneous CD30+ cells in children with atopic dermatitis.

BACKGROUND: CD30 expression can be considered a marker of Th2 cells. We investigated the presence of CD30+ cells in the lesional skin of children with atopic dermatitis (AD). We also analyzed the possible relationship between CD30+ cells and serum soluble CD 30 (sCD30) levels, and IgE, soluble interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptor (sIL-2R) or soluble CD23 (sCD23) levels in the blood, and clinical score. METHODS: Ten eczematous children (4 males, 6 females; median age: 4 years and 5 months; range: 11 months to 14 years), 9 sex- and age-matched control children and an adult control group were studied. A clinical score (SCORAD index), was given to eczematous lesions. Blood was taken for the determination of IgE, sCD30, sIL-2R and sCD23 levels. Punch biopsies of lesional skin were stained with hematoxylin and eosin or incubated with anti-CD30 monoclonal antibodies. Skin prick tests (SPTs) were also performed. RESULTS: In the biopsy specimens, CD30 expression was observed in high proportions of infiltrating cells. In children with AD, total serum IgE, sCD30, sIL-2R, sCD23 and eosinophils were significantly elevated compared to controls. CD30+ cells were not associated with serum IgE, sCD30, sIL-2R, sCD23, or SPT results, score of inflammatory cells in lesional skin or clinical score. Children with AD who had high total IgE and specific IgE antibodies did not differ from those with normal total IgE and negative specific IgE in respect of age, clinical score, number of CD30+ cells, sCD30, sIL-2R and sCD23 levels, score of inflammatory cells in skin or clinical score. CONCLUSION: Our results showed remarkable numbers of CD30+ cells in the lesional skin and high sCD30 in the serum of children with AD. CD30+ cells did not correlate with systemic markers of IgE reaction.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

CD3-CD4+ cells with a Th2-like pattern of cytokine production in the peripheral blood of a patient with cutaneous T cell lymphoma.

A case of cutaneous T cell lymphoma associated with mild eosinophilia and rise of IgE levels is reported. A population of CD3-CD4+ cells was observed in the peripheral blood. After activation, these purified CD3-CD4+ cells showed a Th2 pattern of cytokine production, secreting higher levels of IL-5 and IL-4 and lower levels of IFN-gamma compared to the patient's and controls' CD3+CD4+ cells. Moreover, high levels of IL-5 and soluble CD30, a marker of Th2 cell activation, were detected in the patient's serum.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed1996

A case of hypereosinophilic syndrome is associated with the expansion of a CD3-CD4+ T-cell population able to secrete large amounts of interleukin-5.

Interleukin-5 (IL-5) is the major soluble factor able to mediate hypereosinophilia. We report a case of hypereosinophilic syndrome in which the presence of a population of CD3-CD4+ cells able to overproduce IL-5 was shown. The lack of CD3 and TCRAB membrane expression on otherwise phenotypically normal mature T lymphocytes together with the absence of detectable TCRBV mRNA and clonal rearrangement of TCRB gene suggested that the abnormal lymphocyte population was the expression of a peripheral T-cell lymphoma with an indolent clinical course. Peripheral blood lymphocytes enriched in this population were able to secrete high levels of IL-5 but not IL-4, and no IL-2 or interferon-gamma, when stimulated in vitro with phytohemagglutinin and phorbol myristate acetate. The serum contained eosinophil survival factors whose activity was partially neutralized by a specific antihuman IL-5 antibody. This observation further emphasized the relationship between hypereosinophilic syndrome. IL-5, and T-cell lymphoproliferative disorders.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Atypical hemispheric specialization in intellectual deficiency.

In order to determine the relation between hemispheric specialization for language and intellectual deficiency, two groups of lower-IQ subjects were compared to normal-IQ controls on word-dichotic listening tasks. Two conditions in which stimuli differed by their level of phonological complexity were used. Normal controls showed the expected right-ear advantage in both conditions. Moreover, they showed a greater magnitude of ear difference on the condition requiring higher-order phonological processing. In the mentally deficient group, almost half the subjects exhibited a left-ear advantage and they showed no difference between the two conditions in terms of the magnitude of ear difference. These results point to the presence of atypical hemispheric specialization in mentally deficient subjects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Idiopathic eosinophilic pneumonia and pregnancy: report of a case.

A case of chronic eosinophilic pneumonia and pregnancy is reported. In 1989, a 24-year-old woman with chronic eosinophilic pneumonia became pregnant. We decided not to stop steroid therapy. Except for premature preterm rupture of the membrane she had a uneventful pregnancy and a male infant with no distress syndrome.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1991

Stereopsis after unilateral anterior temporal lobectomy. Dissociation between local and global measures.

In man, an impairment in stereopsis may occur following damage outside the occipital lobes. If local and global stereopsis can be dissociated, this may imply that different mechanisms mediate these functions. We tested 44 patients with unilateral anterior temporal lobe excisions and 23 normal control subjects on two tasks. In the local stereopsis task, subjects indicated which of two pins varying in disparity between 4 and 512 s of arc was closer. Results showed no threshold impairment in any group. In the global stereopsis task, random-dot stereograms varying in binocular correlation were presented in random order, and subjects indicated if the squares perceived in depth were in front of or behind the screen. At binocular correlations between 50% and 70%, left and right temporal lobectomy resulted in a deficit, which was more marked following right-sided excisions. These results are concordant with earlier work (Ptito and Zatorre, 1988), and with other evidence of a right hemisphere superiority in treating binocular depth information. Moreover, the fact that global stereopsis is impaired in the presence of intact local stereopsis suggests that closely related but not identical mechanisms are involved, and fits the notion that there is a hierarchical organization of the visual pathways originating in the striate cortex leading into temporal cortex. Global stereopsis would thus be mediated in temporal lobe areas that receive information about local disparities from more posterior regions.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Prevalence of reactions to drugs in 251 patients with urticaria-angioedema syndrome].

We studied 251 outpatients affected by chronic and acute urticaria-angioedema syndrome, triggered or exacerbated by drugs, to evaluate the prevalence of adverse reactions to each pharmacological group. Among these patients, 134 (53.4%) presented one or more adverse reactions to a single drug: 100 (74.7%) reacted to NSAIDs, 33 (24.7%) to antibiotics and 1 to B vitamin complex. The remaining 117 patients (46.6%) presented adverse reactions to more than one drug. Considering the patients all together, 123 (49%) had adverse reactions to ASA, 116 (46.2%) to pyrazones, 65 (25.9%) to antibiotics, 26 (10.3%) to NSAIDs different from ASA and pyrazones. In our experience, according to other reports, there is a greater frequency of drug reactions to NSAIDs vs other drugs. ASA is the more frequently involved drug.

Angioedema↗
PubMed1990

[Sensitization to ethylene oxide: a possible cause of reactions in hemodialysis patients].

147 hemodialyzed patient were studied for the presence of allergic reactions related to the dialytic treatment. Total IgE and specific IgE to common inhalants, ethylene oxide and phthalic anhydride were determined in all patients. The same determinations were also performed in two control groups. Specific IgE to ethylene oxide were detected in 7 sera. Among these 6 had a high total IgE level and 2 had a positive Phadiatop. Only 3 among the 7 positive patients had adverse reactions related to the hemodialysis (one suffered from itching, one from urticaria and the third from angioedema and hypotension). The resolution of the symptoms was obtained utilizing a gamma-rays sterilized filter. Therefore ethylene oxide sensitization may be a cause of some problems during hemodialysis. We couldn't find a relationship between atopic status and sensitization to ethylene oxide in as much in only 2 out of 7 patients sensitized to ethylene oxide, specific IgE to common inhalants were detected.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Effect of histamine on the positive reactions produced during skin tests].

The effect of histamine control on the reaction produced by adjacent allergens or diluent control during skin test was evaluated in 742 patients sensitized to one or more inhalant allergens. In 4 cases (0.7%) both the diluent control and all the tested allergens were positive thus indicating an altered cutaneous reactivity. The allergens placed near the histamine control were positive in 183 cases (24.7%). Among these 144 (19.4%) were strong positive results according to the history. In 39 cases (5.2%) the positive result didn't correlate with the history. Of note in 35 cases (4.7%) the reaction was classified as weak positive (+) according to Berg and Johansson (1974). Although our findings confirm only partially those from Terho and Coworkers, we agree with the Authors on the opportunity of positioning the histamine control at a suitable distance from other allergens during skin test.

Allergens↗
PubMed1989

[Contact eczematous dermatitis caused by wheat and oats].

A 58-year old male patient was affected by a chronic dermatitis of the hands, forearms and face. Lesions appeared six months before when he started to work as a pizza-maker and worsened when he touched wheat-fluor and when he washed with an oats-derived detergent. He had a familial but not a personal history of atopic diseases. Both the Prick tests and RAST with oats and wheat flour produced positive responses. Protein contact dermatitis is a rare allergic disease caused by the contact with protein substances. It is often seen in patients working in the food industries or in the kitchens. Many of them have no other signs of atopy.

Arm↗
PubMed1989

Antinuclear antibodies in psoriatic arthritis and its subgroups.

We tested serum samples from 48 patients with Psoriatic Arthritis (PA) for Antinuclear Antibodies (ANA) using a highly sensitive substrate (Hep-2 cells). We obtained the following results: 1) in PA patients ANA positivity (16.6%) was significantly higher than in age-and sex-matched groups of healthy controls (4.1%; p less than 0.05) and uncomplicated psoriasis (2%; p less than 0.025). 2) ANA were more common in Symmetrical Polyarthritis (37.5%) and Arthritis Mutilans (25%) than in Asymmetrical Oligoarthritis and Spondarthritis (11.8%) and 'Classical' PA (0%). 3) We did not find any positivity for anti-DNA and anti-ENA antibodies among PA patients.

Adult↗