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Biomedical subjects

C Trentani

Publications and source records attributed to C Trentani.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Evaluation of nutritional status in children with refractory epilepsy.

BACKGROUND: children affected by refractory epilepsy could be at risk of malnutrition because of feeding difficulties (anorexia, chewing, swallowing difficulties or vomiting) and chronic use of anticonvulsants, which may affect food intake and energy metabolism. Moreover, their energy requirement may be changed as their disabilities would impede normal daily activities. The aim of the present study was to evaluate nutritional status, energy metabolism and food intake in children with refractory epilepsy. METHODS: 17 children with refractory epilepsy (13 boys and 4 girls; mean age 9 +/- 3,2 years; Body Mass Index 15,7 +/- 3,6) underwent an anthropometric assessment, body composition evaluation by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, detailed dietetic survey and measurement of resting energy expenditure by indirect calorimetry. Weight-for-age, height-for-age (stunting) and weight-for-height (wasting) were estimated compared to those of a reference population of the same age. RESULTS: 40% of children were malnourished and 24% were wasted. The nutritional status was worse in the more disabled children. Dietary intake resulted unbalanced (18%, 39%, 43% of total daily energy intake derived respectively from protein, lipid and carbohydrate). Adequacy index [nutrient daily intake/recommended allowance (RDA) x 100] was < 60% for calcium iron and zinc. CONCLUSION: many children with refractory epilepsy would benefit from individual nutritional assessment and management as part of their overall care.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1997

[Drug-resistant epilepsy treated with ketogenic diet].

A 4-year old girl affected by intractable seizures was treated with ketogenic diet. The diet was calculated to provide appropriate protein intake for growth (1.4 g/kg body weight) and adequate calories (1600 kcal) derived from 4 parts fat and 1 part protein + carbohydrates. The child remained on the diet for 8 months and had a decrease in seizure frequency of 90%. No serious side effects were reported and it was possible to discontinue or decrease antiepileptic drugs. Our results confirm the efficacy of ketogenic diet in the treatment of epilepsy. Since it is known that 20 to 30% of all patients with epilepsy do not have their seizures completely controlled with established antiepileptic drugs, it would be useful to increase the application of this dietetic treatment in selected patients in Italy as it already happens in other countries.

Anticonvulsants↗
PubMed1992

How reliable is bio-electrical impedance analysis for individual patients?

We performed bio-electrical impedance analysis (BIA) on 38 healthy adults with an initial body mass index (+/- s.d.) of 30 kg/m2 (+/- 5) before and after a low calorie diet. Five weeks later a mean weight loss of 4.2 +/- 2.3 kg was observed. According to BIA, fat-free mass (FFM) decreased in 28 subjects and increased in ten. In four cases the reduction was greater than the weight loss. At the end of the ten week diet regimen all 27 subjects followed up demonstrated a further weight reduction. According to BIA, FFM decreased in 22 subjects, increased in four and did not change in one case. In one case the reduction was greater than the weight loss. Although mean FFM values assessed by skinfolds and BIA were not significantly different before and after the weight loss period, no correlations were found among the individual changes in FFM evaluated by the two methods. Our results suggest that single frequency (50 KHz) impedance must be used with care in clinical conditions.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Complications in surface replacement arthroplasty of the hip: experience with the Paltrinieri-Trentani prosthesis.

A method of surface replacement arthroplasty of the hip joint is described for use in selected patients, often in the younger age group. One hundred and forty patients were reviewed after a mean interval of four years. Seventy-two per cent were graded 5 or 6 on the Charnley scale, the remainder had symptoms due to femoral neck fracture or loosening of the prosthetic components. In the main the bad results were attributed to incorrect patient selection or technical imperfections with the operative technique. The advantages of the operation are no alteration in the relationship of the femoral head, neck and acetabulum and minimal interference with the surrounding muscle and soft tissues. The amount of implanted material is reduced and no entry is made into the femoral medullary canal, which facilitates any further revision surgery that may be necessary.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[A ceramic total hip endoprosthesis for implantation without bone cement. Preliminary report (author's transl)].

A new total hip endoprosthesis for implantation without bone cement is reported. This prosthesis consists of a ceramic socket and a titanium femoral component which is covered with a ceramic layer (Al2O3). The proximal end of the femoral component is shaped to a conus on which a ceramic ball for articulation with the socket is placed. Beside the construction principles the implantation technique and first clinical experiences are described.

Bone Cements↗
PubMed1977

Evaluation of hip arthroprostheses by means of body environment simulators.

Laboratory tests carried out by means of body environment simulators have proved to be very important for the evaluation of endoprostheses potentially useful for implantation. The present paper examines the problems connected with the design of such a simulator. The results obtained with an initial, very primitive simulator concerning the outlines of the phenomena of wear, corrosion, and friction and some wear properties of commercially available hip endoprostheses are presented. From these results, the motivation that led to the design of a more advanced simulator is presented. This latter simulator is also described.

Corrosion↗
PubMed1977

Epiphyseal chondroblastoma (a study of 39 cases).

A fully documented series of thirty nine cases of epiphyseal chondroblastoma is described. This is a remarkable series because of the rarity of this tumour. There is a slight predilection for the male sex. The age most affected is ten to twenty years. The tumour progresses slowly and joint involvement and pain are slight. The commonest site is the proximal epiphysis of the humerus, followed by the epiphyses of the knee. The classical appearances are of a clearly defined area of osteolysis, central or eccentric, with foci of calcification, in the epiphyseal or apophyseal regions, and often transgressing the epiphyseal cartilage. We have never observed involvement of the opposite bone in the affected joint. In four of our thirty nine cases the neoplasm invaded the point and/or soft tissues. The differential diagnosis, especially in localisations at the knee, is with giant cell tumour. The tumour is slow growing and the prognosis is always good. We have never seen malignant transformations or so-called "benign" pulmonary metastases. The few recurrences in this series (five out of thirty nine) were all cured by a second operation. Curettage and grafting is the operation of choice.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Scaglietti's method for conservative treatment of simple bone cysts with local injections of methylprednisolone acetate.

The results of 30 consecutive cases of simple bone cysts treated conservatively by intracystic injections of methylprednisolone acetate (MPA) according to the method of Scaglietti are reported. The injections were given under general or local anaesthesia in doses of 80-200 mgs repeated every 2 months up to a total of 2 or 3 injections, rarely more. The minimum period required for achieving a result is 6 months; but there is a continuation of radiographic improvement for 1 to 2 years. There is complete radiographic cure in about half the cases; in the others there is a substantial improvement which makes surgery unnecessary. We have used this method systematically for 3 years, and out of 42 cases only one required operation because of a displaced subtrochanteric fracture. There was a partial recurrence in one case after apparent radiographic cure. The patients' age does not seem to affect the result but we gained the impression that the effect of MPA is quicker and more reliable in younger patients. Although we do not understand the mechanism of cure in this method it has undoubted advantages over surgery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Thermodifferential analysis of ceramic implants.

Ceramic pelletes (in Al2O3 92% and in calcium aluminate) implanted into the muscles of rabbits for varying periods of time, and samples of similar material, not implanted but mixed with organic substances, have been analyzed by means of thermal differential analysis (TDA). Which hydrated calcium aluminates are formed from implants after contract with the tissue fluid, has been established. It has also been ascertained that the ceramic implants absorb organic substances from the tissue fluid, which, from a first evaluation, seem to be composed of simple molecules. The results of this initial inquiry have provided positive indications of the utility of TDA to assist in elucidating the phenomena that occur between implant and tissue.

Absorption↗