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Biomedical subjects

C Verger

Publications and source records attributed to C Verger.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Monitoring of the peritoneal permeability in peritoneal dialysis].

Monitoring peritoneal permeability is indispensable to adjust the dialysis procedure to the characteristics of each individual patient and to detect and prevent the complications of peritoneal dialysis. Several monitoring techniques can be used, the simplest one being the most inaccurate. The authors consider that in routine practice the first alterations can be detected merely by measuring ultrafiltration. The next step is a single glucose assay after a 4-hour long contact. Evaluating the speed of diffusion of glucose and urea by means of four assays in two hours is an excellent compromise: the equilibration curves thus obtained can be summarized as the time required for the percentage of glucose absorption to be identical with the percentage of dialysate saturation in urea (APEX time).

Humans↗
PubMed1991

Design and testing of the Baxter Integrated Disconnect Systems (IDS).

This paper describes the result of a miltidisciplinary approach to the design and evaluation of a new CAPD disconnect system: the Baxter Integrated Disconnect System (IDS). This system consists of a bag full of fresh Dianeal, an empty bag for the drainage of spent dialysate and tubings connecting the 2 in a Y fashion. With this system, the patient makes only one connection. The system is disposable. The major property that makes this unique is that all components are preassembled, and the whole system is steam-sterilized as 1 unit. In general, similar systems use different sterilization methods for the various components of the system. Those components are then assembled, under clean conditions by the manufacturer, without final sterilization of the unit. Assembly of the components is sometimes left to the patient. The concept of IDS, therefore, is unique and warrants lower rates of contamination. This system has been tested on patients for a total observation period of 765 patient months, and has proven to be simple, safe and effective. It yields a 63% probability of peritonitis-free patients at 24 months.

Dialysis Solutions↗
PubMed1990

Stimulatory and inhibitory effects of serum and conditioned medium on cell spreading.

This work deals with the effects of coating culture dishes with chick embryo fibroblast conditioned medium (CM) and 1% fetal calf serum (FCS) on the rates of attachment and spreading of chick embryo fibroblasts. It appeared that a FCS coating over a CM precoating exerted a remarkable promoting cooperative effect on cell spreading whereas a CM coating over a FCS precoating had a very marked inhibitory effect. Precoating with cobalt-protoporphyrin IX (CoPP) was also performed to serve as a substrate for FCS or CM coating. This CoPP precoating was found to exert a promoting effect for FCS coating only.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

The need for using an enzymatic colorimetric assay in creatinine determination of peritoneal dialysis solutions.

The fate of the peritoneal membrane on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) is usually evaluated through the modification of its permeability to various solutes as glucose, creatinine, and urea. Therefore, the accuracy of the methods used for measurements of creatinine is of great importance. A particular problem does exist for creatinine determination as it may be influenced by the presence of glucose. We studied a new enzymatic colorimetric method for creatinine determination in peritoneal dialysis solutions which contain high dextrose concentrations. Creatinine was measured in plasma, urine, and dialysate from 18 patients on CAPD and in pure dextrose solutions, with an enzymatic test (Boehringer Mannheim) and with Jaffe's reaction on two different analyzers: Astra (Beckman) and Eris (Merck). Creatinine results were similar with both assays (Jaffe's reaction and enzymatic test) when measured in blood and urine. However the Jaffe's reaction gave higher creatinine results than the enzymatic test (p less than 0.001), when assays were performed in peritoneal dialysis solutions and in pure glucose solutions. In addition, it appeared that other components of dialysis solutions, mainly calcium chloride, influenced unpredictably the results of creatinine with the Jaffe's reaction. We conclude that specific enzymatic test is a more accurate and reliable method to evaluate creatinine kinetics through the peritoneal membrane when determined in CAPD solutions.

Colorimetry↗
PubMed1989

Rheumatic syndromes and beta 2-microglobulin amyloidosis in patients receiving long-term peritoneal dialysis.

We studied 56 patients who had been receiving peritoneal dialysis for greater than 3 years, to investigate the prevalence of rheumatic diseases suggestive of beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2m) amyloid deposition. Eight patients were found to have carpal tunnel syndrome, 16 had chronic shoulder pain, 8 had subchondral bone cysts, and 13 had destructive arthropathies. Amyloid reacting with anti-beta 2m was demonstrated in the hip synovium of 1 patient. Serum beta 2m levels were elevated in all patients. These data suggest that peritoneal dialysis, like hemodialysis, may lead to the development of an arthropathy associated with beta 2m accumulation and beta 2m amyloid deposition.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Stimulatory effects of protein synthesis inhibitors on the spreading rate of 3T3 cells.

Three protein synthesis inhibitors, puromycin, cycloheximide and anisomycin were found to increase the rate of spreading of Swiss-3T3 cells after 1 h incubation in the presence of low concentrations of serum. Data from experiments with anisomycin suggest that this effect is roughly proportional to the extent of inhibition of protein synthesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Anatomy and physiology of the peritoneum in CAPD: evolution and methods of surveillance].

The basic structure of the peritoneum appears very simple; it is composed of a monolayer of mesothelial cells separated from capillaries by a thin interstitial tissue. However its roles are multiple. Basically devoted to the mechanical protection of abdominal viscera, it also plays an important part in the local immune defences; in the field of peritoneal dialysis, its integrity is necessary to assure an adequate mass transfer. In dialysis, the characteristics of peritoneal clearances and glucose equilibration curves may help diagnose early damage of the peritoneal membrane and prevent irreversible more severe lesions.

Blood Flow Velocity↗
PubMed1989

[The decrease in thyroid hormones in CAPD is not explained either by iodine saturation or by dialysate loss].

Total T4, total T3 and TSH were measured in blood, urine and dialysate of 13 patients on CAPD. Iodine was measured in blood and urine. Free T4 and T3 were measured in blood only. Serum measurements revealed one true hypothyroidism, normal total T4, T3 and TSH for 12 patients, low free T4 and T3 with normal TSH for 9 patients. Iodine was slightly elevated for 3 patients. Urinary T4 and T3 were low. Dialysate T4 and T3 were low (T4 = 13, 6 nmol/24 H). Low free thyroid hormones are not relevant to iodine excess, nor to dialysate losses. Low free thyroid hormones may be considered as an endocrine dysfunction of chronic illnesses.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

The inhibitory effect of serum on cell attachment can be prevented by cobalt-protoporphyrin IX.

The rate of attachment of chick embryo fibroblasts (CEF) incubated for 1 h at pH 6 in the absence of serum, was equal to about 90% with 2% of spreading cells. The addition of 1% horse serum (HS) decreased to about 30% the rate of attached cells but increased to about 30% the proportion of spreading cells. We found that 3 microM cobalt-protoporphyrin IX (CoPP) added for 3 min before the addition of 1% HS increased both the rate of cell attachment (about 60%) and the proportion of cell spreading (about 50%).

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Relationship between thyroid hormones and nutrition in chronic renal failure.

A cross-sectional study was performed in 19 patients on haemodialysis and in 11 on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) in order to investigate the relationship between thyroid hormones and nutritional status. T4, T3 resin uptake, T3, rT3 and TSH were measured by radio-immunoassay and compared with controls. Nutritional status was assessed by measurements of blood proteins, albumin, gamma-globulin, transferrin, arm muscle circumference and triceps skinfold thickness. In haemodialysis, T4, FTI, T3 and rT3 were significantly decreased. TSH was normal. In CAPD, thyroid hormones were normal. In both groups, proteins, albumin, gamma-globulin and transferrin were normal. Triceps skinfold thickness was normal in males and females, whereas arm muscle area was dramatically reduced in males and normal in females. In haemodialysis, a negative correlation was found between T3 and proteins (p less than 0.01), rT3 versus proteins (p less than 0.01) and versus gamma-globulin (p less than 0.01). In CAPD, a positive correlation was found between T3 and triceps skinfold thickness (p less than 0.05). We suggest that the overload of carbohydrate might normalize the thyroid hormones in patients on CAPD. The relationship between thyroid hormones and nutritional status in patients treated by dialysis suggests a putative protective effect of low T3 levels against protein breakdown.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Serum myoglobin in patients on intermittent and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.

Serum myoglobin levels were determined in patients maintained on chronic peritoneal dialysis. Eleven intermittent peritoneal dialysis patients had a mean serum myoglobin of 174 +/- 29 ng/ml. In 7 patients tested serially, there was no consistent change in serum myoglobin: the mean level was 154 +/- 36 ng/ml pre-dialysis and 170 +/- 20 ng/ml post-dialysis. Seventeen patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis had a mean serum myoglobin of 215 +/- 18 ng/ml. Two patients given oral carnitine supplements had a substantial decrease in their serum myoglobin levels. Patients on peritoneal dialysis, like those on hemodialysis, tend to have elevated serum myoglobin levels, and neither form of dialysis affects serum myoglobin concentration. This hypermyoglobinemia may be due to metabolic changes in muscle.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Encapsulating peritonitis during continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. A physiopathologic hypothesis].

A case of sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis was observed in a patient who had been treated by continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis for 4 years. During that period the patient had always used a lactate buffered dialysate (Dianeal solution, supplied by Travenol) and no disinfectant. Nine episodes of peritonitis occurred during the first two years of dialysis. At the end of the first year the patient had decreased ultrafiltration associated with high glucose absorption. A peritoneal biopsy performed at that time showed mesothelial alterations and desquamation. Sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis was suspected at the end of the fourth year, on the basis of changes in the glucose equilibration curve which showed that poor ultrafiltration was now associated with very slow glucose absorption. The diagnosis was confirmed at laparotomy. The authors suggest that the first stage of encapsulating peritonitis might be prolonged and severe alteration of the mesothelial layer. Dialysis should be discontinued immediately in the presence of a loss of filtration with hypermeability (type I) in order to permit normal recovery. If this is not done, loss of filtration with severe hypopermeability (type II) may develop due to multiple adhesions or to the encapsulating process.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Modulation of cell attachment to culture support by pH, fibronectin, hemin, and cobalt protoporphyrin.

When chick embryo fibroblasts were seeded in the presence of minimum essential medium supplemented with 1% (v/v) horse serum, the rate of cell attachment, after 1 hr incubation, was less than 5% at pH 6.5 and about 50% and 80% at pH 7.5 and pH 8.3, respectively. If, however, cultures were pretreated with fibronectin, a substance that promotes cell adhesion, a high rate of cell attachment was also observed at pH 6.5. Two other compounds of totally different chemical nature, cobalt-protoporphyrin (CoPP) and hemin, also enhanced cell attachment at pH 6.5. CoPP was shown to increase the synthesis of proteins, but it did not affect the intracellular heme content of cells incubated at pH 6.5. The possibility that CoPP, and presumably also hemin, induce cell attachment by promoting the synthesis of a fibronectin like protein is discussed.

Animals↗