PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

C Veysseyre

Publications and source records attributed to C Veysseyre.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Mycophenolate mofetil reduces myofibroblast infiltration and collagen III deposition in rat remnant kidney.

BACKGROUND: Myofibroblasts have been shown to play a pivotal role in the synthesis of extracellular matrix components in several animal models of renal fibrosis. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) reduces interstitial myofibroblast infiltration and collagen III deposition in 5/6 nephrectomized rats. METHODS: Forty-five Wistar rats underwent 5/6 renal ablation and received by daily oral gavage either vehicle (N = 20) or MMF (N = 25) during the 60 days following surgery. Groups of five treated and five untreated rats were killed at two, four, and eight weeks after subtotal nephrectomy. Four untreated and three treated rats were killed at week 12, one month after treatment withdrawal. At the time of sacrifice, proteinuria, plasma, and urine creatinine were determined. Immunohistochemistry was performed on renal tissue for alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA), a cytoskeletal marker of myofibroblasts, for type III collagen, and for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Moreover, in order to study the in vitro effects of MMF on fibroblast proliferation, rat fibroblasts were cultured in the presence or absence of mycophenolic acid (MPA). RESULTS: At all periods studied, MMF treatment improved renal functional parameters and progressively decreased remnant kidney hypertrophy and glomerular volume increment. Proliferating cells in renal tubules, interstitium, and glomeruli, as well as interstitial myofibroblast infiltration and interstitial type III collagen deposition, were also significantly reduced by MMF treatment. In addition, MPA exhibited a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on in vitro proliferation of rat fibroblasts. CONCLUSION: Reduction of interstitial myofibroblast infiltration may be an important event by which MMF significantly prevents renal injury following subtotal renal ablation. Thus, our results suggest that MMF could be useful to limit the progression of chronic renal disease toward end-stage renal failure.

Actins↗
PubMed1991

Connective tissue changes in rheumatic heart disease.

The connective matrix of 17 surgically excised mitral complexes from patients with clinical diagnosis of rheumatic carditis was evaluated by semi-quantitative histopathological, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural parameters. Different and concomitant patterns of loose and dense fibrosis were observed with variable constitution and organization of collagen I, III, IV, procollagen III, laminin, fibronectin and elastin. Loose fibrosis exhibited codistribution of all matrix components, Initial phase of fibrosis was characterized by deposition of all matrix components organized in a network pattern. In dense fibrosis a parallel disposition of type I collagen bundles predominated. In the denser (hyalin) fibrosis, the collagen exhibited abnormalities in fiber diameters and in fiber conformation (hyperfibers) and there was reduction or disappearance of other matrix components. The presence of these different kinds of connective matrix and the ultrastructural alterations in collagen fibers are associated to different stages of fibrosis organization and probably reflect changes in collagen susceptibility to degradation. These morphologic patterns may be related to the evolution (stability or reversibility) of rheumatic sequelae.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Evaluation of a fast test for direct research on streptococcal group A from pharyngeal samples].

Importance of streptococcal pharyngitis rapid diagnosis is increasing. 645 patients with pharyngoamygdalitis were tested. The correlation between bacteriologic culture and rapid test is 86%, the sensibility of the test is 68%, its specificity is 92%, while the predictive positive and negative values are 75% and 90%. These results show the interest of the rapid test for the diagnosis of streptococcal pharyngitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Discrepancies between two procedures for ds-DNA antibody detection: Farr test and indirect immunofluorescence on Crithidia luciliae.

Of the 54,911 sera routinely tested for anti-double stranded-DNA antibodies (Ab), 2,297 gave a positive reaction with both indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) on Crithidia luciliae (CL) and the Farr test, or with only one of the two tests. Of the sera giving positive reactions, only 1,499 (65.3% of the positive sera) were positive with both reactions. Among the remaining 798 sera (34.7% of positive sera), 48.25% gave a positive reaction with the Farr test and 51.75% with the IIF reaction. Of the discrepant Farr test(+), IIF-CL(-) sera, slightly fewer than half corresponded to a false positive reaction of the Farr test due to the presence in the serum of proteins other than Ab which were able to bind to the labelled ds-DNA to form a complex precipitable by 50% saturated ammonium sulfate solution. Slightly more than half of the other Farr test(+) IIF-C'(-) sera corresponded to a defect in the IIF-CL reaction. Among the discrepant Farr test(-) IIF-CL(+) sera, 1/3 corresponded to false positive reactions IIF-CL and 2/3 of the remaining sera contained weakly avid anti-ds-DNA antibodies undetectable using the Farr test.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Influence of heavy metals on the resistance of mice toward infection.

Previous studies have shown that heavy metals may exert marked immunomodulatory effects, at least in rodents, despite some discrepancies. However, the mechanism of their influence on the immune system is still unclear. As host resistance assays against experimental infections are generally considered as the most relevant criteria when predicting the immunotoxicity of drugs and chemicals, the effects of lead acetate, nickel chloride and sodium selenite on the resistance toward experimental Klebsiella pneumoniae infection was investigated in mice, with particular emphasis on the interference of the time of toxic exposure with the infectious challenge. Interestingly, one single intraperitoneal dose of 24 mg/kg lead or 4 mg/kg nickel enhanced the resistance of mice against Klebsiella pneumoniae when administered 24 hours before the infectious challenge, whereas host resistance proved to be impaired when the same dose was injected 5 hours after the infectious challenge. A 3-day pretreatment with 8 or 12 mg/kg lead also enhanced the resistance of mice but decreased it with 0.5 or 1 mg/kg nickel. In all cases, sodium selenite increased the resistance of mice toward infection. As lead, nickel and selenium appear to exert complex and possibly opposite effects on antibody response and phagocytosis, it remains to establish which immunotoxic consequences if any, an acute or chronic exposure to these heavy metals is likely to have in man.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Streptococcal group A polysaccharide antibodies assayed by an ELISA determination of antibodies in rabbit hyperimmune sera; normal levels in man and comparison with levels in patients with rheumatic fever and with poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis.

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was adapted to measure antibodies to streptococcal group A polysaccharide. The components of the reaction were studied, including the concentration of the polysaccharide antigen, the suppression of non-specific reactions, optimal conjugate binding conditions and the most suitable plates. The specificity of this test was documented by studies using immune sera and polysaccharide antigens of various groups of beta-hemolytic streptococci. In addition dynamics of the antibody response in animals as well as in man were investigated. The upper limit of normal level of this antibody in normal healthy persons was determined by this technique. We found that 80% of patients with rheumatic fever and acute glomerulonephritis showed an elevation of the group A polysaccharide antibody titer. Determination of this antibody response by the ELISA technique is clinically useful in evaluation patients with the nonsuppurative sequelae of group A streptococcal infections.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Effects of josamycin on polymorphonuclear leucocyte chemotaxis.

The effects of josamycin on the chemotactic response of blood polymorphonuclear leucocytes were studied. After oral administration of 2 g/day or 50 mg/kg/day for five days in man and rats respectively, polymorphonuclear chemotaxis was reduced by 20%. After in-vitro incubation with 10 mg/l josamycin chemotaxis was unaltered, whereas a 15% decrease was noted with 25 mg/l josamycin. These data suggest that josamycin is unlikely to severely impair chemotaxis in patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Effects of erythromycin, josamycin and spiramycin on rat polymorphonuclear leukocyte chemotaxis.

The effects of three macrolide antibiotics were studied on rat polymorphonuclear leukocyte chemotaxis. Rats were given 25 mg/kg twice a day of either erythromycin, josamycin or spiramycin by gastric intubation for 5 days. In all cases, chemotaxis was found to be impaired by 10-20% only. As macrolides are known to reach high intracellular concentrations within polymorphonuclear leukocytes, our results suggest that these antibiotics are unlikely to exert a deleterious influence on the chemotactic response of treated patients.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Value of anti hemolysin and anti-gammahemolysin assays for the diagnosis of staphylococcal infections, particularly of osteoarthritis (author's transl)].

The authors report the results of more than twelve years' personal research on the value of anti-alphahemolysin (AASTL) and antigammahemolysin (AGSTL) assays for the diagnosis of staphylococcal infections, and particularly of osteoarthritis. Among 574 controls, AASTL levels exceeded 2 IU in only 14 subjects (11 of these, levels were between 2 and 3 IU). Levels less than, or equal to, 2 IU were therefore considered normal. This is consistent with previously published data. In 144 staphylococcal infections, confirmed by bacteriology, an increase in AASTL was found in 95 of all cases (65.9%) and in 54 of the 76 osteoarthritis' (71%). Similarly, AGSTL titres, which were under 1/160 (upper normal limit) in 138 controls, were increased in 35 patients with unequivocal staphylococcal infections (61.4%), and in 25 of 36 patients with osteoarthritis (69.4%). These results show that AASTL assay is reliable and often abnormal. However, assay of both hemolysins yields even better results. This dual assay was performed in 57 patients with staphylococcal infection. One hemolysin at least was increased in 47 patients (82.4%). This represents additional positivity in 15.7% of patients when compared to AASTL assay alone, and in 21% when compared to AGSTL assay alone. The high level of positive results with dual assay is even more striking when only staphylococcal osteoarthritis is considered: one or both hemolysins were increased in 91.1% of these patients (31/34).

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1979

[Serological diagnosis of Staphylococcus aureus infections using anti-A beta teichoic acid antibodies assay (author's transl)].

225 control subjects, 12 hospitalized Staphylococcus free (34 sera) and 16 S. aureus infected patients (79 sera) were tested for anti-A beta teichoic acid antibodies, using counter-immunoelectrophoresis. Anti-alpha and gamma haemolysins antibodies were dosed in parallel in 164 sera. Less than 5 per cent of control sera (3,11 per cent) have an antibody tire higher than 1/8: this tire is therefore selected as threshold level of positivity. Ten of the 12 hospitalized patients without staphylococcal infections are below this level. 31,6 per cent of staphylococcus infected patients have higher serum titers; only 3,7 per cent have no antibodies. In the others, a significant rise in titres is observed. There is no correlation between anti-alpha and gamma staphylolysin and anti-teichoic acid antibodies titres. The method suggested, both easy and rapid, could be used in association with anti-staphylolysin dosage for serological diagnosis of staphylococcal infections.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1978

[Our experience with the determination of serum anti-alphastaphylolysins and antigammastaphylolysins during infectious osteoarthritis. A personal series of 53 staphylococcal osteoarthritis cases, 14 cases of osteoarthritis from various germs, 47 extra-articular staphylococcal infections and 500 control subjects].

The difficulty of directly isolating the casual agent (by obtaining specimens in situ or if necessary by hemoculture), during infectious osteo-arthritis and mainly during those deeply located such as spondylodiscitis and sacro-iliac infections, has led authors to investigate the field of serologic examinations. In staphylococcosis, which is quite frequent, they report results of serum anti-alphastaphylolysin dosage (AASTL) in 500 controls, 100 patients in whom a staphylococcus was recovered and 14 patients with other germs. In the first group, 10 subjects out of 500 ad a level greater than 2 IU whereas in the second group an elevation of the level of AASTL was observed in 66% of cases of staphylococcal osteo-arthritis (35 out of 53) and in 54% of cases of staphylococcosis without esteoarticular localization (25 out of 47), a total of 60% of staphylococcosis with various localizations (60 cases out of 100). Despite the elevation AASTL serum in 4 of the 14 cases of the third group, this study confirms the great diagnositc value of this dosage mainly when the levels are higher than 4 IU or are still rising. The recent study of the serum antigammastaphylolysins represent an additional factor of interest because of its reliability and its frequent positive result during staphylococcosis (in 19 cases of osteo-arthritis out of 27, and in 10 cases of staphylococcosis without osteo-articular localization out of 16: a total of 29 cases in a series of 43 staphylococcosis). The dosage of both AASTL and AGSTL, however, seems more valuable since out of 40 cases of staphylococcosis, we have observed a simultaneous elevation of AASTL and AGSTL in 22 cases (55%), a sole elevation of AASTL in 8 cases and AGSTL in 5 cases (12.5%). Therefore, in this series, at least one of the enzymes was elevated in 15 cases out of 40 (87.5%) which represents an increase of 12.5% when compared with the study of the sole AASTL and an increase of 20% when compared to the study of AGSTL.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Immunity in cystic fibrosis. A comparative study of chronic bronchorrhea of different etiology].

Various aspects of immunity in cystic fibrosis were studied in 24 children and compared with the results in 13 children with other types of chronic bronchial infection. The complement was not significantly altered: number of lymphocytes, delayed hypersensitivity skin reactions, number of T (an B) cells, phytohaemagglutinin lymphocyte stimulation were virtually normal. Only the phagocytic activities (chemotaxis, phagocytosis, bacteridal activity) were altered in 20 out of 24 patients with cystic fibrosis and in a comparable percentage of patients with other types of chronic bronchial infection. No serum inhibitory factor was found and leukocyte enzyme activities were normal. This deficiency of phagocytic functions seems to be, at least in part, secondary to infection.

Bronchial Diseases↗