Biomedical subjects

C Voorhees

Publications and source records attributed to C Voorhees.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2001

Practice patterns of neurologists regarding bone and mineral effects of antiepileptic drug therapy.

BACKGROUND: Antiepileptic drug (AED) therapy has been linked to bone disease that can be treated and prevented with calcium and vitamin D. However, because there have been no definitive studies on this subject, many physicians might not be aware of this association. OBJECTIVE: To determine the approaches of neurologists to skeletal disorders in patients taking AEDs. DESIGN: A self-administered mail survey. PARTICIPANTS: United States board-certified or board-eligible pediatric (n = 404) and adult (n = 624) neurologists. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Practice patterns of neurologists regarding methods of screening for bone disorders and recommendations for treatment and prophylaxis. RESULTS: Few pediatric (41%) and adult (28%) neurologists routinely evaluate AED-treated patients for bone and mineral disease. Of physicians who detect bone disease through diagnostic testing, 40% of pediatric and 37% of adult neurologists prescribe calcium or vitamin D, and about half (54% of pediatric and 57% of adult neurologists) refer patients to specialists. Few neurologists (9% of pediatric and 7% of adult neurologists) prescribe prophylactic calcium or vitamin D for patients taking AEDs. CONCLUSIONS: There is a lack of consensus among neurologists concerning the impact of AED therapy on bone. Because considerable evidence suggests that much of the bone pathology caused by AED therapy can be treated or prevented by administration of calcium and vitamin D, raising physician awareness of this problem could significantly improve the skeletal health of AED-treated individuals.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

Exploring the relationship between timing of menarche and eating disorder symptoms in Black and White adolescent girls.

OBJECTIVE: This study examined the relationship between timing of sexual maturation and eating disorders symptoms in adolescent girls. METHOD: Data were collected over 10 years for a cohort of 1,213 Black girls and 1,166 White girls who were either 9 or 10 years old at study entry. Annually, girls' height and weight were measured and, biannually, girls completed self-report measures of eating disorders symptoms. RESULTS: Early-onset menarche is a risk factor for the development of body image and dieting concerns, but the effect of timing is due to the impact of early and late maturation on body weight. DISCUSSION: Findings underscore the importance of adiposity as a risk factor for poor mental health.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1985

Reconstructive hand surgery for quadriplegic persons.

Reconstructive hand surgery is one approach to restoring lost hand function in quadriplegic patients. This paper describes Craig Hospital's experience with the two-stage procedure for achieving active grasp and pinch for C7 spinal cord-injured patients. It describes the hand clinic, patient selection and education, the surgery itself, and postsurgical occupational therapy. It also includes follow-up results on all patients treated since the program's inception.

Activities of Daily Living↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of nitric oxide upon gas transfer and structural integrity of a polypropylene membrane oxygenator.

Gaseous nitric oxide (NO) may act as a membrane passivator during cardiopulmonary bypass by inhibition of platelet and leukocyte adhesion, activation, and aggregation. However, NO and its by-product nitrogen dioxide (NO2) are potently reactive and may be capable of degradation of membrane oxygenator constituents in an oxygen-rich environment. To test these concepts, nine polypropylene hollow fiber membrane oxygenators received 224 +/- 10 ppm NO and 6.7 +/- 1.7 ppm NO2 in 73% oxygen (O2), and six oxygenators received 73% O2, while being perfused with heparinized thrombocytopenic bovine blood for 6 hours. Oxygenators were used for measurement of O2 and carbon dioxide (CO2) transfer rates, structural integrity by pulsing with 22 psi water at 0.5 Hz for 6 hours, and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) examination of structural integrity. Transfer rates between groups at 0, 1, 3, and 6 hours revealed no differences in O2 or CO2. No oxygenator failed hydraulic tests of structural integrity or exhibited "wet-out" during bypass. No evidence of material degradation was shown in the SEM appearance of oxygenators. There were no differences in hematologic values. These data support the safety of gaseous NO in polypropylene membrane oxygenators for limited-term cardiopulmonary bypass.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Artificial respiration in the anesthetized horse using bilateral, percutaneous, cervical phrenic-nerve stimulation with needle electrodes: a preliminary report.

In this preliminary study, artificial respiration was produced in four anesthetized horses using trains of stimuli applied to long needle electrodes inserted bilaterally at the base of the neck. The needles were insulated to within 1 cm of the tips. The frequency of the stimuli (0.1 msec) was 35/sec and the train duration (duration of inspiration) was 1 sec. Inspired volume increased with increasing stimulus intensity. In two animals, inspired volumes of 6 liters were achieved. In another animal 4.5 liters was achieved and in another, 2.5 liters. This lower value probably represented less-than-optimal electrode placement. Artificial percutaneous electrophrenic respiration was maintained for half an hour in every animal using a minute volume equivalent to that when breathing spontaneously.

Animals↗