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C Vutuc

Publications and source records attributed to C Vutuc.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

The burden of cancer in Austria.

The aim of this study was to assess the overall progress against cancer in Austria by analysing changes in age-adjusted mortality rates from 1970 to 1996. For the years 1970 to 1996, age-adjusted rates for all malignant neoplasms and for selected sites were calculated for men and women, according to year, age and sex. The number of cancer deaths were obtained from the Austrian Central Statistical Office--age-adjusted mortality rates of all malignant neoplasms decreased in men between 1971 and 1996 by 13% (from 289.1 to 251.4 deaths per 100,000), and in women between 1970 and 1996 by 19.1% (from 276.6 to 223.7 deaths per 100,000). Among older people (> or = 55 years) the mortality decreased by 13% in men and by 17% in women; among younger people (< 55 years) by 12% and 30%, respectively. The decrease in total cancer mortality is promoted by three tumour sites (the leading causes of cancer deaths in 1970). In both sexes, the decrease of stomach cancer mortality had the major impact, followed by colorectal cancer in women and by lung cancer in men. The observed changes in mortality are primarily related to changing incidence and early detection, rather than improvements in treatment. Unfortunately, there is evidence that prevention is losing ground in Austria. The implementation of the well-established knowledge of cancer prevention and the strengthening of preventative research is urgently needed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Prevalence of self-reported screening mammography and impact on breast cancer mortality in Austria.

Mammography for breast cancer screening has been available in Austria free of charge since 1974 and has been explicitly recommended for mass screening since 1980. The type of screening is opportunistic. Evaluation has to rely on population-based data (mortality, stage distribution, screening prevalence). In a representative cross-sectional study (women aged 40-79 years, n = 566, conducted in 1995) 58% reported at least one screening mammography; the lowest prevalence was found in the age group 70-74 years: 39.3%, the highest in the age group 50-54 years: 71.4%. 23.1% reported at least 2 mammograms within an interval of less than 2 years; lowest prevalence 70-74 years: 10.7%, highest 50-54 years: 35.7%. Age-standardized mortality rate has stabilized since 1985. Since 1980 age-specific rates have increased significantly in all age groups > 54 years, but a decreasing tendency in most groups has been noted since around 1990. The incidence rates of stage II or worse tumors have increased significantly since 1982, except in the age groups 40-44 and 55-59 years; however, during the past 3 to 6 years the absolute rates of incidence of advanced tumors has decreased in alle age groups. The reduction of advanced cancers at diagnosis, followed by a reduction of mortality rates is plausible related to screening prevalence. More uniform decreasing trends should be expected in the years to come. If not, discontinuation of the current opportunistic form of screening without monitoring and evaluation, financed by public money, has to be discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Self-assessment of vulnerability to illness by the Austrian population].

Results of a Cross-Sectional Study in 1995: The self-perceived threat of cancer, myocardial infarction, stroke, traffic accidents, diabetes mellitus, AIDS, Alzheimer's Disease and drug abuse was investigated in a survey among a representative sample of Austrians (aged > or = 15 years) in 1995. The most feared disease was cancer (41%), followed by traffic accidents (38%) and myocardial infarction (36%). The disease feared least was drug abuse (6%). Females feared cancer, stroke, diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer's disease significantly more than males. A cluster analysis reveals that respondents who perceive a higher threat by the diseases have low levels of education and live in rural areas. The age distribution of persons who responded with "very threatening" corresponds well with the age-specific prevalence of the disease. Smoking habits, alcohol consumption and body-mass index have no influence on the self-perceived threat of the investigated diseases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Development of birth weight in Austria from 1970-1995.

We analysed the development of birth weight of all Austrian live births in the period 1970-1995. The relationship between birth weight and the variables maternal age, length and sex of the newborn and year of birth is described by means of a linear regression model. Over the 26 years an increase of up to 60 g was observed in the mean birth weight. This positive trend may partly be due to the extensive use of the maternity care program ("mother-and-child Passport") introduced in 1974. Maternity payment was made to the mother it she underwent at least five examinations within the antenatal care program. This payment was reduced from 15,000 AS in 1996 to 2000 AS as from January 1st 1997, a measure which may lead to a reduction in the use of this maternity care program, with consequent negative implications for the morbidity of both mother and child and for the positive trend of birth weight development over the past decades.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

The impact of sociodemographic variables on immunization coverage of children.

The dependence of immunization coverage of children in the municipalities of Vienna and Klagenfurt on the sociodemographic variables of their parents is investigated. According to the Austrian vaccination program, the following vaccinations are recommended: diphtheria/tetanus (DT), measles/mumps (MM), poliomyelitis (oPV), tickborne encephalitis (TBE), tuberculosis (BCG) and whooping cough (P). The aim of the study is to identify risk groups, as are children that are not well covered. A cross-sectional study using vaccination certificates of second grade schoolchildren in Vienna and Klagenfurt was performed. A multivariate logistic regression model is used. In Vienna a representative sample of second grade schoolchildren (n = 585) was investigated, in Klagenfurt all second grade schoolchildren (n = 824). The investigation took place during the 1993/1994 schoolyear. In Vienna 34.8% of the children have all the vaccinations recommended, in Klagenfurt 59.6%. Children of Austrian mothers have the best immunization coverage, followed by children whose mothers are from 'other countries', 'not stated', and 'former Yugoslavia'. The immunization rate increases with the mother's increasing age. It is lower if the father is unemployed. The effects of the variables age and unemployment are not dependent on nationality. Children from Klagenfurt are more often completely immunized than children from Vienna. The mother's education does not have a significant influence. The Austrian immunization program is not sufficient to provide a high level of herd immunity. The immunization program recommends vaccinations but does not include a system for finding and recording riskgroups (non-immunized). To improve the situation eight steps needed for a setup of surveillance and containment system are recommended.

Austria↗
PubMed1997

[Descriptive epidemiology of cerebrovascular disorders in Austria].

The trend of cerebrovascular mortality (ICD-9: 530-538) is analyzed. Age-standardized mortality rates for men and women were calculated, covering the the period 1970 to 1994. Furthermore, the development of mortality rates (1974 to 1994) was analyzed for age groups and birth cohorts (5-years intervals). The number of deaths has decreased, from a total of 14,734 in 1970 (6109 men, 8625 women) to 9917 (-32%) in 1994 (men 3541, -42%; women 6376, -26%); age-standardized death rates in men from 201.4/10(5) (-54.7%) to 91.9/10(5), in women 160/10(5) to 77/10(5) (-51.7%). The trend within individual age groups does not show any sex-specific differences. In all birth cohorts the mortality trend in men and women decreases towards younger age groups. The observed linear decrease of mortality in men and women towards younger age groups leads to the assumption that this trend is determined by decreasing incidence, indicating a secular trend. This trend may only be explained but by its risk reducing effect in both, men and women of any age group. Establishing a representative stroke register seems most desirable, in order to make possible assertions as to the trend of incidence and prevalence.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Vaccination status and sociodemographic variables in Viennese public school students].

A representative sample of 585 children, attending 2nd grade elementary school in Vienna, was examined. Vaccination certificates were collected, the parents' attitudes towards recommended vaccinations and data on sociodemographic variables were obtained by questionnaire. Compared to 95.9% of the less educated only 90.4% of the higher educated parents are interested that their children receive all vaccinations recommended (p < 0.01). When the dominant country equals "Austria", parents are more reluctant (p < 0.05) to have their children vaccinated (80.4%), compared to others (former Yugoslavia 92%, Turkey 90.9%, other countries 93.1%). A complete immunization against Diphtheria, Tetanus and Poliomyelitis (DT/OPV) was observed in 65.3% of the children. DT/OPV and additionally Mumps and Measles (MM) in 54% and DT/OPV + MM and Pertussis in 43.8% respectively. The immunization coverage is significantly higher (p < 0.01) in children with the dominant country = Austria (DT/OPV 70.7%, DT/OPV + MM 61.8%, DT/OPV + MM + Pertus sis 51.1%) compared to children from former Yugoslavia (DT/OPV 56.3%, DT/OPV + MM 34.5%, DT/OPV + MM + Pertussis 24.1%), Turkey (DT/OPV 54.5%, DT/OPV + MM 40.9%, DT/OPV + MM + Pertussis 33.3%), and "other countries" (DT/OPV 41.4%, DT/OPV + MM 34.5%, DT/OPV + MM + Pertussis 24.1%).

Austria↗
PubMed1996

Impact of non-invasive imaging techniques on the trend of pancreatic cancer mortality in Austria.

BACKGROUND: The introduction of non-invasive imaging techniques on a large scale may falsely suggest an increase in incidence of pancreatic cancer. In the present study, it was investigated whether the new diagnostic techniques have improved the documentation of deaths due to pancreatic cancer and thus have an influence on the trend of mortality. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Age-standardized mortality rates for men and women were calculated covering the period 1970 to 1993. Using Spearman's correlation coefficient, the trends during 1970 to 1993 as well as during 1970 to 1978 and 1981 to 1993 were analyzed for statistical significance. Furthermore, the development of mortality during 1973 to 1993 was analyzed in 5-year intervals for various birth cohorts and age groups. RESULTS: Age-standardized mortality rates have increased significantly since 1970, i.e. by 17% in men (p = 0.0021) and by 20% in women (p = 0.001). The observed trend is not linear but characterized by a step-like rise in 1979/1980, coinciding with the introduction of non-invasive imaging techniques on a large scale. CONCLUSIONS: The risk to develop cancer of the pancreas has not significantly changed since 1970. Rather, the documentation of pancreatic cancer on death certificates has improved as a result of the higher diagnostic accuracy, which explains the observed step-like rise in death rates.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Effect of lead on blood pressure in occupationally nonexposed men.

To determine if low-level exposure to lead has an effect on arterial blood pressure, demographic and clinical data of a group of 507 males without any occupational exposure to lead were analyzed in a retrospective study. The following variables were included in the analysis: age, height, weight, nicotine consumption, alcohol intake, blood lead, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and erythrocyte count. The effects of the variables age, weight, height, alcohol intake, nicotine consumption, and blood lead on blood pressure were investigated by stepwise linear regression analysis. The diastolic as well as the systolic blood pressure was significantly influenced by Body Mass Index, age, and alcohol. A significant effect of lead could be found only for diastolic blood pressure. None of the possible interactions were significant enough to merit inclusion in the statistical model. Regarding the strength of the effects on diastolic blood pressure we find that lead ranks after age, weight. In conclusion, this study shows that lead has an effect on diastolic arterial blood pressure in a survey of a group of middle-aged, occupationally nonexposed men.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Cellular immunodeficiency (including AIDS): incidence and length of stay of hospitalized cases in Austria in 1990].

The incidence of cellular immunodeficiency (including AIDS), treated at hospitals in Austria in the year 1990, was 3.8 per 100,000 (n = 294, males 6.3 per 100,000, females 1.5 per 100,000). On the average every patient with this diagnosis was admitted to the hospital 3.6 times per year. The average hospitalization time was 7.5 days, summing up to a mean of 27.3 days of stay per case per year. A total of 8031 days was necessary for the hospital care of these patients, costing AS 86873 for care per person in 1990 (AS 3,180 per day in the hospital). In relation to the grand total of approximately 1.8 million admissions to Austrian hospitals, patients with the diagnosis "cellular immunodeficiency (including AIDS)" cover only 0.06% of all admission and 0.03% of patient days per year respectively.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1995

[Haemophilus influenzae meningitis in Austria: 1990-1992 incidence].

The incidence of Haemophilus influenzae meningitis in children aged less than 5 years in Austria was 9.5/10(5) (n = 42) in the year 1990, 12.4/10(5) (n = 56) in 1991 and 10.4/10(5) (n = 48) in 1992. In each of the other 5-year age groups the incidence was lower than 1/10(5). In 1992 Hib vaccine was registered and recommended for children below 5 years of age. So far no impact of immunisation has been observed on the incidence of meningitis. A new strategy must be found to improve the implementation of immunisation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Analysis of trends in infant mortality with special reference to perinatal mortality in Austria (1965-1991)].

In Austria a marked decrease of perinatal mortality has been observed since the middle of the 1970s (Fig. 1). Regression models show a significant association with introduction of the mother-and-child health passport in 1974 and decreasing fertility of women older than 35 years. In part this decrease is due to a transfer of deaths from the perinatal period to later periods (Fig. 3). Some perinatal deaths were shifted to the periods of 2nd to 4th week and 2nd to 12th month after birth, respectively. From the difference between expected and observed perinatal mortality a saving of 13,400 perinatal deaths since 1974 has been calculated. Some of these children were in fact saved from death, whereas some of them died during a later period of the first year of life.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Tick-borne encephalitis in Austria: incidence 1990 and 1991.

In Austria 85 patients (1.10/100,000) were hospitalized with a tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) in 1990, 77 patients (0.98/100,000) in 1991. A relatively low incidence is seen in the younger age groups. The regional distribution follows the distribution of infested areas, with the highest rates in the two provinces Kärnten and Steiermark provinces.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Influenza: incidence and costs of inpatient treatment].

In Austria, in 1990, a total of 3,808 patients with influenza were hospitalized for treatment (49.34/100,000). The age-specific incidence rates show three peaks: < 5 years (132.05/100,000), adolescents (15 to 19-year-olds, 111.5/100,000), old-age groups (85-year-olds, 102.7/100,000). Complications occurred in 1,479 (38.8%) patients, including 846 cases (57.2%) with "other complications" of the respiratory tract, 365 cases (24.7%) of pneumonia, and 268 cases (18.1%) with manifestations affecting other organs. The 3.808 patients spent a total of 34,684 days in hospital. The overall costs of hospital treatment were some 104 million Austrian schillings (approx. 15 million German marks)--per patient on average 26,700 schillings (approx. 3,840 marks); per pneumonia patient 61,200 schillings (approx. 8,743 marks).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Economic public health aspects of benign prostatic hyperplasia in Austria].

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is one of the most frequent diseases in advanced aged men. The introduction of a new coding system (ICD-VESKA) in 1989 made it possible to analyze the number of hospitalized cases and to calculate the costs of inpatient care. In 1990 10,710 BPH cases were treated within Austrian hospitals. Controlling for multiple entries 9,742 individual patients (269.4 per 100,000) were treated 138,761 days. Case fatality was 0.5% (46 deaths). The number of inpatients comprises only the top 1,3% of morbidity, the total number is estimated with 770,000 patients. Based on the official nursing fees total costs in public affiliated hospitals were AS 250 millions. Including private hospitals total costs increase to AS 306 millions. The inpatient care of BPH represents only a small proportion of the total health and economic burden, which obviously mainly occurs in the outpatient system. Therefore BPH is one of the diseases of which social and economic importance is usually underestimated due to a lack of information.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Epidemiologic development of AIDS in Austria].

AIDS statistics as released by the Austrian Health Authorities refer to the notification date of the disease, but not the time of diagnosis which is essential for descriptive analysis. We present for the first time data on the exact time of diagnosis of, and death from AIDS. Between 1981 and 1992 altogether 899 AIDS cases were registered (747 men, 152 women), of whom 547 persons have already died (462 men, 85 women). At present there are 352 patients with AIDS in Austria (285 men, 67 women). The incidence, prevalence, and mortality rates of AIDS in Austria, both in absolute and relative (per 100,000 men/women 1990) figures are presented in a table.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗