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Biomedical subjects

C W Greenlaw

Publications and source records attributed to C W Greenlaw.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1981

Evaluation of a computerized drug interaction screening system.

The effectiveness of a community hospital's computerized drug interaction screening system, PADIS (Pharmacy Automated Drug Interaction Screening), with pharmacists evaluating and advising physicians of each drug interaction's potential significance, was evaluated. The study was conducted during a 100-day period on all patients (34,564 patient days) with the exception of pediatric patients. The number and type of potential interactions, and physician response to the pharmacists' reports, were recorded. For the 182 physicians who participated in teh program, 1219 potential drug interactions were detected (per 20,260 patient days) that initially were considered important. Only 116 (9.5%) actually were deemed potentially clinically significant in th patient. The pharmacists eliminated 59 (51%) potential interactions directly by rescheduling administration times of the drugs. For the remaining potential drug interactions, reports were placed in the patient's charts for review by the attending physicians. Physicians altered therapy according to the recommendations in 82% of these cases. The program was effective in detecting and preventing potentially serious drug interactions.

Computers↗
PubMed1981

Cost of computerized drug interaction screening system.

The cost of operating a computerized drug interaction screening program at a 635-bed private community hospital was studied. Cost data were collected during the development of the Pharmacy Automated Drug Interaction Screening system in 1975 and during a one-year study period, June 1978 to June 1979. The total cost of the interaction screening system was analyzed according to (1) patient days, (2) unit dose drugs administered, (3) potentially significant drug interactions detected and monitored, and (4) clinically significant drug interactions prevented. Total estimated annual cost of the program was +5,603.02. Salaries accounted for 63% of the total, computer time costs for 17%, annual leasing of the data base for 16%, and paper for 4%. The cost per number of drug interactions detected and monitored was +0.51. The cost per patient day was +0.42, while the cost per unit dose drug dispensed was only +0.004. Since 341 the study period, this represents a cost of +16.43 each. This system is an inexpensive means of detecting and preventing drug interactions.

Computers↗
PubMed1979

Disulfiram-induced acute organic brain syndrome.

Reversible acute organic brain syndrome is described in a patient receiving disulfiram, 250 mg daily. Slowing of the electroencephalogram (3 to 4 cycles per second) in the occipital region resolved ten days after discontinuation of disulfiram. Acute organic brain syndrome induced by disulfiram is not rare but is often not correlated, and it should always be considered a possibility in patients receiving disulfiram therapy.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1979

TPN formulations.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Basal Metabolism↗
PubMed1979

Pharmacist as team leader for total parenteral nutrition therapy.

A total parenteral nutrition program in a 635-bed private nonteaching institution which uses the pharmacist as team leader is described. To initiate TPN therapy, the attending physician writes a request for a consulation with the pharmacist. Prior to initiation of TPN therapy, the pharmacist reviews the chart, conducts a physical and nutritional assessment of the patient, orders any laboratory tests needed for further assessment of the patient and uses these results to classify the patient's nutritional status. The pharmacist then writes all TPN-related orders, including orders for laboratory tests and nursing care. Communications between the pharmacist and the attending physician concerning the progress of the patient and TPN changes are conducted orally on rounds and via chart notes. The number of patients receiving TPN therapy has increased each year--from six patients during 1976, to 19 patients during 1977 and 54 in 1978. Of the two preventable complications that developed in these 79 patients, both were quickly resolved by the pharmacist. Physicians who, in the past, opted not to place patients on TPN because of lack knowledge or lack of a TPN consultant, now rely on the pharmacist for this service.

Florida↗
PubMed1979

Aminoglycoside serum assays restricted through a pharmacy program.

A pharmacy program designed to reduce the inappropriate use of aminoglycoside serum assays is described, and the results of an evaluation of the program are reported. If the clinical status of the patient for whom an assay is ordered does not correspond to the indications for the test, a pharmacist calculates predicted aminoglycoside serum levels based on renal function and discourages the physician from having the test performed. If the indications for a test are met, the pharmacist checks for potential interactions. He specifies the exact times serum samples are to be collected, and he prepares a pharmacokinetic report for the physician based on the test results. During the 18-month evaluation, 67 tests were ordered for 53 patients. Three tests were not performed based on pharmacist advice. Five tests could not be evaluated. Of the remaining 59 tests, 56 (95% were used appropriately; 54 of the appropriate decisions made (92%) were a result of the physician following the recommendations of the pharmacist. The program appears to prevent problems that occur when aminoglycoside serum assays are not restricted.

Aminoglycosides↗
PubMed1978

Computerized drug-drug interaction screening system.

A pharmacy automated drug interaction screening (PADIS) system is described which detects possible drug interactions by screening patient medication profiles. The data base contains approximately 24,000 drug interaction combinations of drugs marketed in the U.S. and also foreign and investigational drugs that have been implicated to cause drug interactions. It is updated on a monthly basis. The PADIS system operates as a batch run program which screens all patient medication profiles on a daily schedule. A patient drug interaction profile is printed by the computer for use by the pharmacist to suggest alternative therapy to the physician. The computer detects potential drug interactions in approximately 9% of the patients per day at the 635-bed hospital at which the system was developed.

Computers↗
PubMed1977

Antimicrobial drug use monitoring by a hospital pharmacy.

An antimicrobial drug use monitoring program which also provides clinical pharmacy services in a 635-bed hospital is described. The program includes culture sensitivity monitoring, antimicrobial use monitoring, aminoglycoside monitoring, physician consultation and reporting of results to the medical staff. It requires 34 hours of pharmacist time per month, at an estimated annual cost of #4,100.

Aminoglycosides↗