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C W Yang

Publications and source records attributed to C W Yang.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Localization of glutamic acid decarboxylase in the kidneys of nonobese diabetic mice.

Antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), a pancreatic islet beta-cell antigen, are present in > 80% of newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and are found in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice, a murine model of spontaneous IDDM. To determine whether GAD is a target antigen in the kidney damage of NOD mice, we studied GAD mRNAs (GAD65 and GAD67) by RT-PCR in mesangial cells, isolated glomeruli, and kidney cortex and medulla in NOD and SJL/C57BL mice. GAD mRNAs were detected in the cortex of both diabetic and nondiabetic NOD and SJL/C57BL mice and GAD antigen was present in proximal and distal tubules by immunofluorescence microscopy. Neither GAD antigen nor mRNA were present in mesangial cells or glomeruli of diabetic or nondiabetic mice. Thus, the expression of GAD in renal tubules raises the possibility that GAD antigens may play a role in diabetic tubulointerstitial disease, whereas the absence of these antigens in glomeruli suggests that GAD-triggered autoimmunity is not directly involved in the glomerular lesions.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Tuberculosis-associated hemophagocytic syndrome in a hemodialysis patient: case report and review of the literature.

We present an unusual hematologic manifestation of tuberculosis in a hemodialysis patient. A 37-year-old man was admitted because of fever, anorexia, and weight loss which developed 3 months earlier. He previously received a renal transplant and commenced hemodialysis 1 year ago. Physical examination revealed hepatomegaly, and peripheral blood counts revealed pancytopenia. The delayed bone marrow biopsy demonstrated marked hemophagocytosis, granuloma and tubercle bacilli by the acid-fast stain. The clinical course was fatal and he died without definite treatment. Through this case, we would like to recommend early bone marrow biopsy and antituberculosis therapy if fever of unknown origin, anorexia, weight loss, hepatomegaly and pancytopenia develop in patients undergoing dialysis.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Early graft dysfunction due to renal vein compression.

We here report on an unusual case of early renal transplant dysfunction due to renal vein compression. Graft function was initially good but oliguria and massive hematuria developed on the 3rd day after transplantation. Duplex sonography showed turbulent blood flow of the renal vein, and renal venography confirmed renal vein compression. Exploratory laparotomy was performed and diuresis was initiated just after nephropexy. In conclusion, renal vein compression is a rare complication but should be included in the possible causes of early renal transplant dysfunction since this can be simply diagnosed by duplex sonography and is easily remedied by nephropexy.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Prevention of posttransplant peptic ulcer by misoprostol.

Misoprostol is effective in protecting the gastric mucosa against various injuries (cytoprotection), but its role in preventing peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is controversial. Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate the effect of misoprostol on preventing posttransplant PUD. 87 patients undergoing kidney transplantation (KT) were randomly separated into three groups according to the antiulcer regimen. Group 1 (n = 28) received antacid and ranitidine; group 2 (n = 34) received antacid, ranitidine, and bismuth (De Nol), and group 3 (n = 25) received antacid, ranitidine, and misprostol (prostaglandin E1). Antiulcer drugs started 1 week before KT and were continued after surgery. A pretransplant gastrofibroscopy was performed 1 month before KT, and a follow-up gastroscopy was performed 2-3 weeks after KT. The incidence of peptic ulcer in groups 1 and 2 was 50.0% (14/28) and 35.3% (12/34), respectively (p > 0.05 groups 1 vs. 2). In group 3, 12.0% (3/25) of the patients showed PUD (p < 0.05 when compared with group 1 or 2). The known risk factors of posttransplant PUD were not significantly different in three groups, but the KT recipients of groups 1 and 2 had 7.8 times the risk of PUD when compared with group 3. In conclusion, the antiulcer regimen including misoprostol is more effective than ranitidine or bismuth in preventing posttransplant PUD, and the antiulcer effect of misoprostol seems to be related to the cytoprotective effect of the drug.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Air analysis of the doctor and nurse offices in tall hospital buildings].

O2, PO2, CO2, total number of bacteria were detected in doctor-nurse offices which are at the same side on the 6 and 7th floor in the first affiliated hospital of China Medical University. The results showed that the detected O2 and PO2 in doctor-nurse office were conformed to the normal range of country's indoor standard. The average value of bacteria detection was above the standard Which is less than 500/m3 in ordinary ward given by the Ministry of Health of China. The average CO2 detection was below 0.07%, but sometimes above 0.07% during the 8:30 detection in the morning, total number of bacteria was a little higher too, which suggested that more attention are needed.

Air Microbiology↗
PubMed1996

Discrepancy between solute transport rate and drain volume in CAPD patients with ascites.

The ascites in the chronic renal failure patient is often difficult to treat and becomes intractable. Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD), as a maintenance therapy, is effective in the removal of ascites and may become a good alternative in dialysis therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the peritoneal membrane transport characteristics and ultrafiltration rate in CAPD patients who had preexisting ascites. Seven CAPD patients (6 male, 1 female; mean age 43 +/- 11 years) were included. The causes of ascites were liver cirrhosis (n = 4), hemodialysis-associated process (n = 2), and heart failure (n = 1). A peritoneal equilibration test (PET) using 2.5% dialysate was performed by the standard method at ten days after starting CAPD. The solute transport rate [dialysate glucose ratio (D/D6) and dialysate-to-plasma creatinine concentration ratio] showed high (n = 5) or high average (n = 2) transport. In 5 patients with high transport, PET showed a discrepancy between solute transport rate and drain volume. In spite of the high transport rate, the drain volume was greater than expected and corresponded to the area of low average or high average solute transport rate. Considering adequate solute clearance and good ultrafiltration, CAPD is an effective treatment in end-stage renal disease patients with intractable ascites.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Relationships between mesangial cell proliferation and types I and IV collagen mRNA levels in vitro.

Changes in the composition of the mesangial extracellular matrix (ECM) and cell turnover are present in glomerular disease. To determine if ECM changes play a role in perpetuating mesangial cell dysfunction, we examined a line of mouse mesangial cells cultured on films or gels of several ECM components and also on methyl cellulose, an inert substrate that prevents attachment. Cells on films of fibronectin or type IV or I collagen had persistently high growth rates and high levels of alpha 1-I and alpha 1-IV collagen mRNAs. In contrast, on gels of type IV or I collagen or matrigel, the growth rate was low. The alpha 1-IV collagen mRNA levels were low on type IV collagen gel or matrigel, whereas the alpha 1-I collagen mRNA levels remained high. In contrast, the alpha 1-I collagen mRNA levels were low on type I collagen gel, and the alpha 1-IV collagen mRNA levels were high. Cells on methyl cellulose formed floating aggregates, did not proliferate, and had a 5- to 10-fold decrease in both alpha 1-I and alpha 1-IV collagen mRNA levels. These phenotypic changes were largely reversible. Finally, when matrigel was layered over cells on fibronectin films, alpha 1-IV collagen mRNA levels decreased, but alpha 1-I collagen mRNA levels and proliferation remained high. Thus proliferation and alpha 1-I and alpha 1-IV collagen mRNA levels in mesangial cells were independently regulated and depended on attachment and the nature of the adjacent matrix.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Serum soluble HLA class I antigen levels in hemodialysis patients and following renal transplantation.

We measured the serum levels of soluble HLA class I antigen (sHLA-I) to evaluate the immune status of uremia and following renal transplantation. Twenty-one hemodialysis (HD) patients had serum samples collected for sHLA-I analysis before and after HD and also during the initial posttransplant period. The serum sHLA-I levels in patients undergoing HD were higher than in the normal controls (574.8 +/- 431.1 vs. 415.6 +/- 256.1 ng/ml, p < 0.05). In the HD patients, HD duration was not correlated with serum sHLA-I levels (r = 0.01, p > 0.05), and pre- and post-HD serum sHLA-I levels were not significantly different (574.8 +/- 431.1 vs. 568.3 +/- 398.4 ng/ml, p > 0.05). After successful renal transplantation, the serum sHLA-I levels decreased significantly (574.8 +/- 431.1 vs. 226.7 +/- 202.8 ng/ml, p = 0.0001) but increased significantly during the rejection period as compared to the prerejection period (642.8 +/- 296.1 vs. 305.5 +/- 194.7 ng/ml, p = 0.0002). In conclusion, sHLA-I levels are stable in uremic status and can be used as a parameter for monitoring acute graft rejection in renal transplantation.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Prevalence and clinical course of hepatitis B and hepatitis C liver disease in ciclosporin-treated renal allograft recipients.

We performed this study to evaluate prevalence and clinical course of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive and anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV)-positive renal transplant recipients. HBsAg positivity was 13.7 and anti-HCV positivity 12.8%. Before transplantation, the HBsAg positivity was observed in in 83.5% of the patients, and 16.4% of the patients acquired HBsAg after renal transplantation. In the HCV group, anti-HCV positivity was observed in 47.1% before transplantation, and 19.6% acquired anti-HCV after renal transplantation. The prevalence of chronic hepatitis in the hepatitis B virus (HBV) and in the HCV groups was not different (25.7 vs. 25.5%). Among those with chronic hepatitis in the HBV group, 4 cases progressed to fulminant hepatic failure, 1 case progressed to the end-stage liver cirrhosis, and 1 case to hepatocellular carcinoma. However, in the HCV group, no case showed progression of chronic hepatitis. The overall mortality in the HBV and HCV groups was 25.3 and 7.8%, respectively (p = 0.001). Among 20 fatal cases in the HBV group 9, cases were liver disease related, but no liver disease related death occurred in the HCV group. In conclusion, HCV as well as HBV infections are quite prevalent and important causes of posttransplant chronic hepatitis, and the clinical course of anti-HCV-positive recipients is less aggressive than that of HBsAg-positive recipients.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Effects of streptozotocin treatment in growth hormone (GH) and GH antagonist transgenic mice.

To investigate GH's role in diabetic end organ damage, experimental diabetes was induced with streptozotocin (STZ) in bovine GH (bGH) or bGH antagonist transgenic mice and in their nontransgenic (NTG) litter mates. Body growth, blood glucose, serum insulin-like growth factor-I levels, liver GH receptor (GHR) binding, and kidney histology of these animals were evaluated. After administration of multiple low doses of STZ, 90% of the mice developed hyperglycemia. The diabetic animals, especially those expressing GH and GH antagonist transgenes, demonstrated retarded body growth and reduced insulin-like growth factor-I levels when compared with their nondiabetic litter mates. Kidney histology revealed severe glomerulosclerosis in diabetic and nondiabetic bGH transgenic mice. Diabetic NTG mice exhibited moderate kidney lesions. Diabetic bGH antagonist transgenic mice possessed normal glomeruli indistinguishable from those seen in nondiabetic NTG mice. GHR-binding assays revealed that liver GHR-binding sites were significantly reduced in diabetic NTG mice and transgenic dwarf mice when compared with their nondiabetic controls. Conversely, liver GHR-binding ability was significantly increased in bGH transgenic mice as compared with their NTG littermates and remained high during diabetes. It is concluded that transgenic mice that express a GH antagonist are protected from diabetes and or GH-induced nephropathy.

Animals↗