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Biomedical subjects

C Wallman

Publications and source records attributed to C Wallman.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

The effect of monitored chlorhexidine gel treatment on mutans streptococci in margins of restorations.

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to compare the effect of a monitored chlorhexidine (CHX) gel treatment with a conventional two-day CHX treatment in subjects with well-restored dentitions and high numbers of salivary mutans streptococci (MS). METHODS: In the test group (n = 8), the effect of the CHX gel applications was monitored in margins of restorations and in saliva during a period of 12 weeks. Strip Mutans was used for monitoring and whenever a sample revealed growth of MS, the subject received a 3 x 5 min 1% CHX gel treatment at the clinic. Nine subjects (control group) were only given the baseline (conventional) treatment with CHX gel 3 x 5 min on two consecutive days. RESULTS: The monitored treatment in the test group resulted in a more pronounced reduction of MS both in margins of restorations and in saliva than the conventional treatment. The difference between the level of MS in the margins in the two groups was, however, only significant at the 20-week examination. There was a large individual variation in the effect of the CHX treatment, and three to nine extra CHX gel applications were needed in the test group to keep MS below a detectable level during the 12 weeks. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings illustrate the difficulties to obtain a long-lasting reduction of MS in subjects with a large number of restorations and a high number of MS by antimicrobial treatment only. The results indicate the necessity to combine antimicrobial treatment with, for example, sucrose restriction, in order to keep MS at a low level for a longer period of time.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Effect of chlorhexidine treatment followed by stannous fluoride gel application on mutans streptococci in margins of restorations.

The effect of antimicrobial treatment on the numbers of mutans streptococci (MS) in plaque from margins of restorations and in saliva was studied. Nineteen persons with well-restored dentitions and > 0.5 x 10(6) MS per ml saliva were treated with 1% chlorhexidine (CHX) gel in individually designed applicators 5 min/day for 9 days. Ten of the subjects continued the treatment with 0.4% stannous fluoride (SnF2) gel and the remaining 9 with a placebo gel for another 14 days. Plaque samples from margins of selected restorations and stimulated saliva were collected at baseline, after the completion of each gel treatment and then again at regular intervals up to 24 weeks. The CHX gel treatment suppressed MS in the margins of restorations as well as in saliva. Additional treatment with the SnF2 gel prolonged this suppression compared with CHX treatment alone. In the CHX-SnF2 group, the number of MS in margins of amalgam and composite restorations was still significantly lower at the end of the study compared with the baseline. In the CHX placebo group, the margins of amalgam restorations, mainly placed in premolars and molars, were recolonized somewhat faster than the margins of composite restorations in the front teeth.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

A simple method for monitoring mutans streptococci in margins of restorations.

Plaque material collected from margins of restorations using a sharp toothpick was streaked across one and the same plastic strip from a commercially available test kit and inoculated in a liquid medium containing bacitracin. The reproducibility of the method was good. The method is simple, inexpensive and suitable for the chairside demonstration of the colonization of mutans streptococci in localized areas of the mouth, such as margins of restorations.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Mutans streptococci in margins of fillings and crowns.

A significant correlation was found between the number of mutans streptococci in saliva and the proportional distribution of these microorganisms in pooled plaque from the margins of all restorations. At high salivary numbers there was a tendency towards a higher porportion of mutans streptococci in plaque from the margins of separate restorations. At low and medium salivary numbers, plaque samples could, however, contain greater than 10 per cent mutans streptococci and even less than 1 per cent was found in plaque from margins of restorations at high salivary numbers. The reproducibility of the plaque sampling method was good. Plaque material collected on different occasions from the same margins did not vary significantly in terms of proportions of mutans streptococci. The numbers of mutants streptococci in plaque samples from different restorations of the same kind collected on the same occasion in the same mouth could, however, show a considerable variation. The observations made in this study, indicate that a low salivary number of mutans streptococci does not exclude a high proportion of these microorganisms in plaque from the margins of separate restorations. This has to be considered when efforts are made to reduce the risk of recurrent decay.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Copper in approximal plaque from conventional and non-gamma-2 amalgam restorations.

Differences in copper concentrations found in plaque adjacent to conventional compared with copper-rich non-gamma-2 amalgam fillings were evaluated. Plaque was sampled at baseline and up to 2 months after polishing of two to four fillings of each type of amalgam in six patients. Copper concentrations of several hundred ppm were found, with higher values in plaque sampled from copper-rich amalgam. However, the copper release from the copper-rich amalgam probably has very little influence on plaque ecology owing to a relatively low copper ion activity because of stable copper complexes in plaque.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Crevicular IgG antibodies and Streptococcus mutans on erupting human first permanent molars.

The specific IgG antibody activity against indigenous Streptococcus mutans in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) was determined in 25, 6-7-yr-old children. Samples of plaque and GCF were collected from all erupting first permanent molars. Plaque samples were also collected from the adjacent second primary molars. The presence of clinical caries was scored as defs. In the same individual a highly significant correlation (p less than 0.005) was found between the level of specific antibody activity in GCF when comparing first permanent molars with each other. No correlation was found between the specific antibody activity in GCF and the number of indigenous Strep. mutans colonizing the buccal surfaces of the first permanent molars. Caries-free children had significantly less specific antibody activity in GCF than children with caries experience (p less than 0.05). In the same child a highly significant correlation (p less than 0.0001) was found between the level of colonization by mutans streptococci on the permanent molars and the adjacent second primary molars.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of chlorhexidine varnish and gel on mutans streptococci in margins of restorations in adults.

The aim of this study was to compare the effect of two different chlorhexidine regimens, varnish and gel, on mutans streptococci (MS) in the margins of restorations and in saliva. Eighteen subjects (mean age 44 years) with >250,000 MS/ml saliva and with many restored teeth were assigned to three groups, each comprising 6 individuals. They were treated with: (1) Cervitec varnish, containing 1% chlorhexidine and 1% thymol; (2) placebo varnish, or (3) Corsodyl gel, containing 1% chlorhexidine. The varnish was applied on two separate occasions to all tooth surfaces at an interval of 3-4 days. The gel was applied for 3 x 5 min in individual applicators on 2 consecutive days. Plaque samples from 8-9 margins of restorations per subject, mainly in the premolar and molar region, and stimulated saliva samples were collected at baseline and after 1, 4, 8 and 12 weeks. The general finding was that the Corsodyl gel gave the most pronounced reduction of MS followed by the Cervitec varnish. According to repeated measures ANOVA, no significant differences could be demonstrated either for MS in margins or in saliva among the three groups (p = 0.06 for margins and p = 0.07 for saliva). However, within the groups, the reduction of MS over time was statistically significant, both in margins and in saliva (p < 0.001 and p < 0.05, respectively). Student-Newman-Keuls test showed that MS in margins were significantly reduced at most sampling occasions in both chlorhexidine groups: the reduction was more pronounced in the Corsodyl gel group. The conclusion from this study is that the 1% chlorhexidine gel Corsodyl, administered 6 times during 2 days, is more effective in suppressing MS in the margins of restorations and in saliva than the 1% chlorhexidine varnish Cervitec, administered twice within 3-4 days.

Adult↗