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Biomedical subjects

C Wassén

Publications and source records attributed to C Wassén.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

[Drugs or enuresis alarm can help more children stay dry at night. To wet oneself is distressing and taxing for self-confidence].

Monosymptomatic primary nocturnal enuresis (PNE) is commonly treated with desmopressin (Minirin), resulting in dry nights for approximately 70-85 percent of affected children. However, nocturnal enuresis is sometimes accompanied by signs of bladder dysfunction. A history of urgency, frequency, daytime wetting or urinary tract infection may indicate the presence of a hyperactive, unstable bladder. In these cases, desmopressin in combination with an anticholinergic drug (i.e. oxybutynin; Ditropan) given at bedtime, or desmopressin and a bed alarm, will increase the number of patients with dry nights. This therapy can now be offered not only by pediatricians but also by general practitioners.

Child↗
PubMed1998

Long-term effects of a change from a mixed diet to a lacto-vegetarian diet on human urinary and faecal mutagenic activity.

This is an investigation of the long-term effects of a shift from a mixed diet to a lacto-vegetarian diet and of a return to a mixed diet on the mutagenic activity in urine and faeces. The participants were 20 normal weight, non-smoking subjects. Dietary surveys and urinary and faecal samples were collected before and 3, 6 and 12 months after the dietary shift as well as 3 years after termination of the lacto-vegetarian diet period. The faecal samples were assayed for direct acting mutagens with the fluctuation test for weak mutagens and the urinary samples were assayed with the same assay but with a metabolic activation system, the so-called S9 fraction. The dietary data showed an increase in consumption of fruits, vegetables and dairy products and a decrease in meat, fish, eggs, sweets and biscuits during the vegetarian diet period. These changes led to an increase in total carbohydrates, fibre, vitamin C and calcium and a decrease in fat and protein intake. Mutagenic activity in both urine and faeces decreased after shift to the vegetarian diet and mutagenic activity in faeces increased when the volunteers returned to a mixed diet (P = 0.025 and 0.035 respectively when comparing the diets). These data indicate that dietary factors may effect mutagenic activity in urine and faeces. However, it is still not clear whether a decrease in animal products, a change in other nutritional factors or a decrease in frying are the main contributors to this change.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

The genetics of primary nocturnal enuresis: inheritance and suggestion of a second major gene on chromosome 12q.

Primary nocturnal enuresis (PNE), or bedwetting at night, affects approximately 10% of 6 year old children. Genetic components contribute to the pathogenesis and recently one locus was assigned to chromosome 13q. We evaluated the genetic factors and the pattern of inheritance for PNE in 392 families. Dominant transmission was observed in 43% and an apparent recessive mode of inheritance was observed in 9% of the families. Among the 392 probands the ratio of males to females was 3:1 indicating sex linked or sex influenced factors. Linkage to candidate regions was tested in 16 larger families segregating for autosomal dominant PNE. A gene for PNE was excluded from chromosome 13q in 11 families, whereas linkage to the interval D13S263-D13S291 was suggested (Zmax = 2.1) in three families. Further linkage analyses excluded about 1/3 of the genome at a 10 cM resolution except the region around D12S80 on chromosome 12q that showed a positive two point lod score in six of the families (Zmax = 4.2). This locus remains suggestive because the material was not sufficiently large to give evidence for heterogeneity. Our pedigree analysis indicates that major genes are involved in a large proportion of PNE families and the linkage results suggest that such a gene is located on chromosome 12q.

Child↗
PubMed1997

Dietary influence on some proposed risk factors for colon cancer: fecal and urinary mutagenic activity and the activity of some intestinal bacterial enzymes.

This investigation studied the effects of a shift from a well-balanced mixed diet to a lacto-vegetarian diet on the mutagenic activity in urine and feces and on some cancer-associated bacterial enzymes in human feces (beta-glucuronidase, beta-glucosidase, and sulphatase). Three months after the shift to the lacto-vegetarian diet, there was a significant decrease in mutagenic activity in urine and feces, beta-glucuronidase, beta-glucosidase, and sulphatase per gram feces wet weight. In contrast, the fecal mutagenic activity and the enzyme activities remained unchanged if expressed per daily output. However, the urinary mutagenic activity expressed as total daily output decreased. Part of the explanation for the decreased fecal mutagenic activity and the decreased enzyme activities is obviously a dilution effect, because much of the increased fecal weight after the shift in diet was associated with a higher water content.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

The effect of a shift from a mixed diet to a lacto-vegetarian diet on human urinary and fecal mutagenic activity.

This is an investigation of the effects of a shift from a well-balanced mixed diet to a lacto-vegetarian diet on the mutagenic activity in urine and feces. The participants were 20 normal-weight, non-smoking subjects (4 men and 16 women, mean age 44 years, range 27-61 years). The fecal samples were assayed for direct-acting mutagens with the fluctuation test for weak mutagens and the urinary samples were assayed with the same assay but with a metabolic activation system, a so-called S9 fraction. The switch from a mixed diet to a lacto-vegetarian diet was not a shift from a so-called high to a low risk diet for colon cancer but rather from a 'medium high risk diet' to a 'low risk diet', even though there were significant changes in nutrients and food components between the two diets. There was a decrease in fat (P = 0.009) and protein intake (P = 0.04) and an increase in total carbohydrate (P = 0.001), fiber (P = 0.001), calcium (P = 0.006) and vitamin C intake (P = 0.019). Among the food preparation methods the use of frying decreased (P = 0.02) and the habit of eating a new vegetable meal increased (P = 0.05). Three months after the dietary shift the concentration of fecal direct-acting mutagens decreased significantly (P less than 0.05), though the total mutagenic activity excreted in feces per 24 h was not different between the two diet periods. Both the concentration and the total amount of promutagens in the urine were decreased after 3 months on the lacto-vegetarian diet. The decrease in fecal mutagenic activity might be explained by a higher fiber intake, which leads to higher water content in feces and thereby a dilution of fecal mutagenic compounds.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Hemobilia in childhood.

During a 10-year period we have encountered three cases of hemobilia among children after blunt abdominal trauma. All patients had the classical symptoms with varying degrees of severity. One of the patients, a 5-year-old boy, had several episodes of severe gastrointestinal bleeding, abdominal pain, and jaundice during a 2-month period. He was treated with selective arterial embolization of the left hepatic artery. The symptoms ceased instantly, and the patient has remained healthy during an observation period of more than 2 years. In cases of hemobilia, selective arterial embolization is a safe method with no serious complications. Arterial collaterals develop very quickly and the risk of liver dysfunction is small. We suggest that embolization of hepatic arteries may be the treatment of choice even in small children with hemobilia.

Athletic Injuries↗