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Biomedical subjects

C Webster-Stratton

Publications and source records attributed to C Webster-Stratton.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

Treating children with early-onset conduct problems: a comparison of child and parent training interventions.

Families of 97 children with early-onset conduct problems, 4 to 8 years old, were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 conditions: a parent training treatment group (PT), a child training group (CT), a combined child and parent training group (CT + PT), or a waiting-list control group (CON). Posttreatment assessments indicated that all 3 treatment conditions had resulted in significant improvements in comparison with controls. Comparisons of the 3 treatment conditions indicated that CT and CT + PT children showed significant improvements in problem solving as well as conflict management skills, as measured by observations of their interactions with a best friend; differences among treatment conditions on these measures consistently favored the CT condition over the PT condition. As for parent and child behavior at home, PT and CT + PT parents and children had significantly more positive interactions, compared with CT parents and children. One-year follow-up assessments indicated that all the significant changes noted immediately posttreatment had been maintained over time. Moreover, child conduct problems at home had significantly lessened over time. Analyses of the clinical significance of the results suggested that the combined CT + PT condition produced the most significant improvements in child behavior at 1-year follow-up.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1996

Early-onset conduct problems: does gender make a difference?

Baseline assessments of 64 girls and 158 boys (aged 4-7 years) diagnosed with oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) or early-onset conduct problems, or both, were examined for gender-linked differences in behavioral symptoms. Child variables, parenting variables, and family variables were correlated with teacher reports of externalizing problems at school and independent observations of externalizing problems at home before treatment to determine whether there were any gender-specific differences in risk factors. Follow-up data (1-2 years posttreatment) were also examined for any gender differences in predictors of treatment outcome. Results indicated significant gender differences in behavioral symptoms according to independent home observations. However, reports of gender differences in behavioral symptoms were influenced by the gender of the reporting agent. The only gender-specific risk factor found was father "negativity," which was correlated with boys' behavior at home but not girls' behavior. Concerning differences in treatment outcome, variables regarding parents' psychological states and parenting style were the best predictors for girls but not for boys.

Child↗
PubMed1994

Advancing videotape parent training: a comparison study.

This study examines the specific effects of adding a broader based, videotape treatment component (ADVANCE) to a basic videotape parent skills training program (GDVM). ADVANCE treatment trains parents to cope with interpersonal distress through improved communication, problem solving, and self-control skills. Seventy-eight families with a child diagnosed as oppositional-defiant or conduct-disordered were randomly assigned to either GDVM alone or GDVM plus ADVANCE. Parent reports of child adjustment and parent distress, assessment of child's knowledge of social skills, as well as independent observations of mother-and father-child interactions and communication and of problem solving between parents were obtained at pre- and post-GDVM and at post-ADVANCE. Both groups significantly improved at short-term follow-up. ADVANCE produced additional significant improvements in parents' communication, problem-solving skills, and consumer satisfaction, as well as children's increased knowledge of prosocial solutions. The clinical significance of these findings is discussed.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1993

"What really happens in parent training?".

The purpose of this article was to describe the therapeutic processes involved in a parent-training program for families with conduct-disordered children. Videotaped transcriptions of over 100 hours of group discussion therapy sessions provided the data for this study. Findings indicated that the therapeutic process of helping parents learn to manage their children's behavior problems was based on a collaborative model. This model included six roles for therapists, which were labeled building a supportive relationship, empowering parents, teaching, interpreting, leading and challenging, and prophesizing. In addition, the script for parents included five recurring themes related to helping them cope more effectively. These were promoting parents' problem-solving, helping parents "come to terms" with their child, gaining empathy for their child, parents' accepting their own imperfection, and learning how to "refuel." Examples of each of these roles and themes are discussed.

Behavior Therapy↗
PubMed1991

The role of parental stress in physically abusive families.

This study examines the role of several components of parental stress in physically abusive and nonabusive families with conduct-disordered children. The 123 families studied were seen in a parenting clinic aimed at improving parent-child interactions in families with a highly oppositional child. Data were collected over a several-week period and included both mother and father self-report measures and independent observations by trained researchers. Parental stress was found to play an important role in abusive families. Physically abusive families were significantly more often low income, had younger mothers with less education, more frequently reported a family history of child abuse, and were more likely to be abusing alcohol or drugs. Abusive mothers reported more stress due to frequent life events, and had a more negative perception of these events. Further, these mothers had higher rates of both depression and state anxiety. Abusive fathers spanked their children significantly more often than the nonabusive fathers, and abusive mothers had the highest frequency of critical statements directed at their children. Children from abusive households had significantly more behavior problems. Finally, abusive mothers reported more marital dissatisfaction and social isolation than their nonabusive counterparts.

Child↗
PubMed1990

Enhancing the effectiveness of self-administered videotape parent training for families with conduct-problem children.

Parents of 43 conduct-problem children, aged 3-8 years, were randomly assigned to one of two treatments: an individually self-administered video-tape modeling treatment (IVM) and IVM treatment plus therapist consultation (IVMC). Randomization also included a waiting-list control group (CON). Compared with the control group, both treatment groups of mothers reported significantly fewer child behavior problems, reduced stress levels, and less use of spanking. Home visit data indicated that both treatment groups exhibited significant behavioral changes. There were relatively few differences between the two treatment conditions. However, the IVMC children were significantly less deviant than the IVM children, suggesting that the IVMC (with therapist consultation) treatment was superior to self-administered treatment with no therapist involvement. The added benefits of therapist involvement are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

The long-term effectiveness and clinical significance of three cost-effective training programs for families with conduct-problem children.

We evaluated the long-term effectiveness of three cost-effective parent training programs for conduct-problem children. One year posttreatment, 93.1% of families (94 mothers and 60 fathers) were assessed on the basis of teacher and parent reports and home observations. Results indicated that all the significant improvement reported immediately posttreatment were maintained one year later. Moreover, approximately two thirds of the entire sample showed "clinically significant" improvements. There were very few differences between the three treatment conditions except for the "consumer satisfaction" measure indicating that the treatment combining group discussion and video-tape modeling was superior to treatments without both components.

Behavior Therapy↗
PubMed1989

Interactions of mothers and fathers with conduct problem children: comparison with a nonclinic group.

The purpose of this study was to compare the interactions of clinic-referred mothers and fathers with their conduct problem children with those of nonclinic "normal" parents and their children without problems in terms of their expression of positive and negative affect. Forty parents and their 20 children participated. Results indicated that clinic mothers and fathers exhibited significantly increased negative verbal behaviors with their children than nonclinic parents. Valence scores also indicated clinic mothers had significantly more negative nonverbal affect behaviors than nonclinic mothers. Clinic children exhibited significantly less positive verbal and nonverbal affect behaviors with their mothers than nonclinic children. Valence scores indicated that clinic children exhibited more negative nonverbal behaviors with both mothers and fathers in comparison to nonclinic children.

Affect↗
PubMed1988

Maternal depression and its relationship to life stress, perceptions of child behavior problems, parenting behaviors, and child conduct problems.

This study examined the relationship of reported maternal depression to prior and current life stressors, and to mother perceptions of child adjustment, parenting behaviors, and child conduct problems. Forty-six depressed mothers and 49 nondepressed mothers and their clinic-referred children (aged 3-8 years) participated. Depressed mothers were more critical than nondepressed mothers, but the behavior of children of depressed and nondepressed mothers showed no significant differences. Depressed mothers were more likely to have experience child abuse, spouse abuse, or more negative life events than nondepressed mothers. Maternal reports of stress related to mother characteristics and to negative life events were the most potent variables discriminating depressed from nondepressed mother families.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Comparisons of behavior transactions between conduct-disordered children and their mothers in the clinic and at home.

The effects of various degrees of structure during clinic observations and the location of the observation (home or clinic) on the behaviors of mothers and children were examined. Forty families with conduct-problem children between the ages of 3 and 8 years participated. Correlations indicated little relationship between behavior in structured and in unstructured clinic conditions. There was also a lack of correlation between the structured clinic and the home observations. However, there were high correlations between mothers' and children's behaviors in the unstructured clinic observation and the home observations. ANOVA further indicated that there were significant differences between the actual rates of behaviors observed in the home and clinic locations. Results are discussed in relation to the potential of structured clinic observations to provide more relevant and efficient information about mothers and conduct-problem children.

Child↗
PubMed1985

The effects of father involvement in parent training for conduct problem children.

Thirty families who received parent training for conduct-disordered children were divided into two groups, father-involved families and father-absent families. Immediately post-treatment both groups reported significant improvements in their children's behaviors. Behavioral data showed significant increases in mother praises and reductions in mother negative behaviors, child noncompliance and deviancy. One year later the children continued to show reductions in noncompliance and deviance. However, significantly more of the mother-child dyads who maintained behavioral improvements came from father-involved families.

Attitude↗
PubMed1983

Intervention approaches to conduct disorders in young children.

The scope of the problem in regard to childhood aggression or conduct disorders is large and far exceeds the resources for dealing with them. Moreover, such children are at high risk for developing serious adolescent and adult psychological problems. Nurse practitioners are placed in strategic positions to be able to screen for, identify and treat early signs of conduct disorders in young children. This review describes assessment procedures and the essential components of a parent training program designed to help families reduce childhood aggression. By intervening with families early, nurse practitioners may be able to design effective preventive programs and improve the prognosis for these children.

Adult↗