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Biomedical subjects

C Winkelman

Publications and source records attributed to C Winkelman.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Effect size: utility and application in neuroscience nursing.

Effect size is used in single studies to complement inferential statistical analysis. It also is used to compare and synthesize data across studies in meta-analysis. Effect size provides information about clinical importance of differences found in research observations. For researchers, effect size is useful in establishing support for the theoretical framework of a story and in planning for future research. Application of effect size to data in three studies about the effects of backrest position on ICP and CPP in brain-injured adults illustrates the utility of effect size analysis in neuroscience nursing research.

Bed Rest↗
PubMed2000

Effect of backrest position on intracranial and cerebral perfusion pressures in traumatically brain-injured adults.

BACKGROUND: Backrest positioning for brain-injured adults is variable. Some data support using a flat backrest to optimize cerebral perfusion pressure; other data support elevating the head of the bed at least 30 degrees to reduce intracranial pressure. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether a flat backrest position or a backrest elevation of 30 degrees provides both optimal cerebral perfusion pressure and optimal intracranial pressure in adults with brain injuries. METHODS: A randomized crossover experimental design was used to collect data on 8 adults 18 to 45 years old who had nonvascular, closed-head, traumatic brain injury. Repeated-measures multivariate analysis of variance was used to analyze the data. RESULTS: Overall, compared with use of a flat/horizontal position, use of a backrest elevation of 30 degrees resulted in significant and clinically important improvements in both intracranial and cerebral perfusion pressures. None of the subjects experienced adverse clinical changes in either intracranial pressure or cerebral perfusion pressure with either backrest position. CONCLUSION: The results strengthen the research foundation for raising the backrest position for adults, 18 to 45 years old, who have nonvascular, nonpenetrating, severe brain injuries.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

A review of pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics in seizure management.

Drug therapy is the most widely effective mode of treatment for epilepsy. Knowledge about the mechanisms of action and metabolism for antiepileptic medications has grown significantly in the past decade as understanding of neurotransmitters and cell physiology has evolved. This knowledge has resulted in engineering of new seizure controlling drugs. Understanding the pharmacological actions and pharmacokinetics of AEDs assists the advanced practice nurse in prescriptive decision-making and all nurses in monitoring patient response to therapy. This knowledge can also assist nurses to provide accurate information to patients receiving antiepileptic drugs.

Anticonvulsants↗
PubMed1994

Advances in managing increased intracranial pressure: a decade of selected research.

There have been tremendous advances in the diagnosis and treatment of increased intracranial pressure in the past decade. The author presents a review of the pathophysiology of intracranial hypertension, incorporating recent data from neuroscience research. Additional investigations that have implications for the nursing care of patients with actual or potential intracranial pressure also are described.

Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure↗