Biomedical subjects

C de Dieuleveult

Publications and source records attributed to C de Dieuleveult.

9 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1991

[Comparative effects of diazepam, ranitidine , sodium citrate and enprostil on pH and gastric volume in preanesthetic medication].

A study was designed to assess the efficacy of oral premedication with diazepam or enprostil in preventing the gastric aspiration syndrome in fasted patients scheduled for elective surgery, and to compare the results with those obtained with ranitidine and sodium citrate. The study included 120 consecutive patients undergoing urological or plastic surgery, randomly assigned to four groups of 30. Two hours before anaesthesia, the patients from three groups were given, with 30 ml of water, either 10 mg diazepam, or 150 mg ranitidine, or 35 micrograms enprostil. Those in the fourth group were given 30 ml of 0.5 M sodium citrate, ten minutes before induction. Anaesthesia consisted in the administration of thiopentone, fentanyl, vecuronium and nitrous oxide in oxygen. After endotracheal intubation, a gastric tube was inserted. The stomach fluid content was completely aspirated, and then again 60 and 120 min after induction, as well as at the end of surgery. Age, weight and duration of surgery were comparable in the four groups. Mean pH in the diazepam group was much lower than that in the other groups, both just after induction (2.3 +/- 1.54; p less than 0.001 vs. ranitidine and sodium citrate; p less than 0.01 vs. enprostil) and at the end of surgery (3.2 +/- 2.03; p less than 0.01 vs. ranitidine and sodium citrate; p less than 0.05 vs. enprostil). There was more than 0.4 ml.kg-1 gastric juice in the sodium citrate group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Antacids↗

PubMed1989

[Continuous propofol infusion versus enflurane in children operated on for strabismus. Comparison of the quality of anesthesia and recovery conditions].

In children, the use of a continuous infusion of propofol has not yet been reported. A study was therefore designed to compare the characteristics of anaesthesia and recovery when either propofol or enflurance was used as the main anaesthetic agent. All 42 children (14 girls, 28 boys), ASA I and scheduled for corrective squint surgery under general anaesthesia, received 350 micrograms.kg-1 midazolam and 40 micrograms.kg-1 atropine intrarectally 20 min before induction, which was carried out with 3 mg.kg-1 propofol intravenously in 20 s. The patients were then randomly assigned to two groups, according to the drug used for maintenance: group P (n = 21) received a continuous intravenous infusion of propofol, 18 mg.kg-1.h-1 for the first 30 min and 15 mg.kg-1.h-1 thereafter; group E (n = 21) received 2.5%, then, after 30 min, 2% enflurane. Both groups were given 15 micrograms.kg-1 dextromoramide and 0.09 mg.kg-1 vecuronium. During anaesthesia, the following parameters were monitored: systolic (Pasys), diastolic (Padia) and mean arterial (Pa) pressures, heart rate (fc), the presence or not of an oculocardiac reflex with or without a 20% fall in fc which responded to 10-15 micrograms.kg-1 atropine, the appearance of a cardiac dysrhythmia, duration of anaesthesia and the delay before extubation. Recovery was assessed 1, 2, 4 and 6 h postoperatively by using both clinical and psychomotor criteria, the latter being adapted to children having one or both eyes occluded.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Anesthesia Recovery Period↗

PubMed1989

[Comparison in healthy volunteers of the systemic beta adrenergic receptor blockade by beta blockader eye drops].

The isoproterenol dose-response curve was used to assess quantitatively the degree of systemic beta-adrenoceptor blockade induced by metipranolol (Bétanol) and betaxolol (Bétoptic) eye drops. The study was carried out in twelve healthy volunteers, aged 22 +/- 1.4 yr. In a randomized double-blind trial, each volunteer received, on separate occasions at least one week apart, one drop in each eye of either placebo (physiological saline) or either of the ophthalmic beta-blockers. The intraocular pressure (Pio), heart rate (fc), arterial systolic (Pasys) and diastolic (Padia) pressures were measured before instillation of the eye drops after 15 to 30 min rest, and 3 h afterwards. The isoproterenol dose-response curve was studied 3 h after instillation of the drops. The CD25 (the amount of isoproterenol needed to increase fc by 25 b.min-1) was obtained by extrapolation on the least square linear regression curve. Both beta-blockers gave a significant fall in Pio compared with placebo, metipranolol more than betaxolol (p less than 0.02). There was also a significantly greater fall in fc with both metipranolol and betaxolol than with placebo. There were no changes in Pasys and Padia. CD25 was significantly increased with both beta-blocker eye drops as compared with placebo (p less than 0.05 for betaxolol; p less than 0.01 for metipranolol), but there was no difference between the two. Systemic absorption after topical application of ocular beta-blockers was thus confirmed for both metipranolol and betaxolol. However, the degree of beta-adrenoceptor blockade was weaker than that observed with other older ocular beta-blockers (timolol and carteolol).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗

PubMed1989

Pharmacokinetics of lidocaine and bupivacaine in retrobulbar and facial block.

Analgesia can be obtained during ophthalmic surgery by regional anesthesia using local anesthetic agents. As in other indications, neurological complications may occur, especially because the site of injection is close to the central nervous system. In order to evaluate the risk of retrobulbar and facial block obtained after 40 mg lidocaine and 20 mg bupivacaine injection, pharmacokinetics of both drugs was evaluated in plasma obtained from 11 patients. In addition, 3 cerebrospinal fluid samples were analyzed. Maximal plasma concentration was 0.73 +/- 0.33 micrograms.ml-1 for lidocaine and 0.19 +/- 0.06 micrograms.ml-1 for bupivacaine, obtained 24.7 +/- 23.0 min and 12.0 +/- 3.7 min after the end of injection, respectively. CSF/plasma ratio was in the range 0.05-0.26 for lidocaine and 0.56-1.33 for bupivacaine. In all patients, regional anesthesia was sufficient to perform surgery without any other analgesic drug. No sign of cardiovascular or respiratory toxicity was observed during the study.

Adult↗

PubMed1989