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Biomedical subjects

Carlos Hernandez

Publications and source records attributed to Carlos Hernandez.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Occipital condyle syndrome guiding diagnosis to metastatic prostate cancer.

Occipital condyle syndrome (OCS) results from a unilateral occipital pain associated with an ipsilateral paresis of the 12th cranial nerve (hypoglossal), and is typically caused by metastasis of the skull base. OCS diagnosis occurred, in all cases described in the published literature, when metastatic prostate cancer (MPC) was previously known. We present a case of a patient whose initial manifestation of MPC was OCS. The patient was treated with complete hormonal blockade and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs as opposed to locoregional radiotherapy applied in other cases. After 18 month follow-up, the patient had a complete neurological and biochemical response.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2006

Renal allograft laceration treated by superselective embolization.

PURPOSE: To report an illustrative case demonstrating the efficacy of endovascular treatment for traumatic blunt renal allograft injury. CASE REPORT: A 19-year-old man sustained an injury to his renal allograft after a traffic accident secondary to lap belt compression. Angiography revealed contrast extravasation from 2 disrupted upper pole renal artery branches, which were successfully embolized with microcoils. The creatinine level was transiently elevated to 4.1 mg/dL, but it improved to 2.9 mg/dL at discharge 13 days after admission. After 1 year, the serum creatinine level was 1.9 mg/dL. CONCLUSION: As in the native kidney, superselective embolization can also be used safely in the management of blunt injury to a renal allograft, avoiding surgery and preserving graft function.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed2005

Electrorheological analysis of nano laden suspensions.

The synthesis and characterization of Pb3O2Cl2 nanowires and the electrorheological (ER) properties of carbon nanofiber (CNF), carbon nanotube (CNT) and Pb3O2Cl2 nanowire (NW) laden suspensions is presented. The ER properties were investigated through oscillatory shear experiments. The viscoelastic response in the presence of dc electric fields was analyzed. Actuation behavior for the CNF and NW laden suspensions was observed at low voltages and low concentration of the reinforcements (0.05 wt%). In the case of the CNT laden suspensions, an effect was observed at a concentration of 0.0125 wt%. Positive and negative electrorheological behaviors were observed due to differences in electrical conductivity and polarization mechanisms.

Electrochemistry↗
PubMed2004

Elevated plasma homocysteine level in patients with Parkinson disease: motor, affective, and cognitive associations.

BACKGROUND: An elevated plasma homocysteine (Hcy) level has been prospectively associated with an increased risk of vascular and degenerative dementias. An Hcy elevation is prevalent in patients with Parkinson disease (PD) in part because levodopa metabolism produces Hcy. The clinical relevance of an elevated Hcy level in patients with PD is unknown. OBJECTIVE: To determine if hyperhomocysteinemia in patients with PD is associated with depression or with cognitive or physical impairments. DESIGN: Ninety-seven people with a mean (SD) PD duration of 3.6 (1.6) years completed the Beck Depression Inventory, a battery of 11 cognitive tests, and the motor and function components of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale. Normalized scores for the affective, cognitive, and physical measures were compared between those with a normal Hcy level (n = 66) and those with hyperhomocysteinemia (n = 31) (Hcy level, >1.89 mg/L [>14 micro mol/L]), controlling for age, sex, disease duration, and treatment. RESULTS: Subjects with an elevated Hcy level were slightly older (68 vs 62 years), but had similar plasma concentrations of vitamin B(12) and folate. Hyperhomocysteinemic patients were more depressed (P =.02) and had worse cognition (P<.01), but the physical measure did not differ. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with PD and hyperhomocysteinemia are more likely to be depressed and to perform worse on neuropsychometric tasks compared with normohomocysteinemic patients. Further research is warranted to see if hyperhomocysteinemia is a reversible risk factor for neuropsychiatric burden in patients with PD.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

Current role of penile implants for erectile dysfunction.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The purpose of this review is to appraise new developments and publications in the field of penile prosthetic surgery. Urologists dealing with erectile dysfunction need to recognize the value of penile prosthetic surgery as a very efficacious treatment for this common condition. This type of surgery is needed in a considerable proportion of patients with erectile dysfunction so this review is timely and relevant. RECENT FINDINGS: The main themes in the literature covered include risk factors for infection of penile prostheses, its prevention with the use of hydrophilic and antibiotic-coated prostheses, particularly in re-operations, and its management with the new rescue procedures. Surgical tips for prosthetic surgery are also reviewed as well as clinical outcomes and factors influencing them. SUMMARY: Of all the invasive treatments currently available, placement of a penile prosthesis is one of the most successful, giving high levels of satisfaction. With the aid of new technical advances, the risk of infection--the most feared complication--can be minimized so prosthetic surgery may play a major role in the treatment of erectile dysfunction.

Erectile Dysfunction↗
PubMed2003

Thalidomide as elective treatment in persistent erythema multiforme; report of two cases.

Recurrent erythema multiforme is a rare disorder, clinically characterized by symmetrically distributed, erythematous, and bullous skin and mucous lesions, mainly precipitated by a preceding herpes simplex infection. In rare cases, EM presents continuous or persistent relapses, and has been related to an Epstein-Barr virus infection. We report 2 cases of severe, persistent erythema multiforme, treated with thalidomide, with complete disease suppression in both cases. Thalidomide induces immunomodulator, anti-inflammatory, and anti-angiogenic effects, and may be considered as the elective treatment of this rare variety of erythema multiforme. However, in order to avoid neuropathic side effects, patients under thalidomide therapy should be monitored every 6 months with nerve conduction studies while taking the drug.

Adult↗