PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

Carmen Tejedor

Publications and source records attributed to Carmen Tejedor.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

A blended learning experience for teaching microbiology.

OBJECTIVES: To create a virtual laboratory system in which experimental science students could learn required skills and competencies while overcoming such challenges as time limitations, high cost of resources, and lack of feedback often encountered in a traditional laboratory setting. DESIGN: A blended learning experience that combines traditional practices and e-learning was implemented to teach microbiological methods to pharmacy students. Virtual laboratory modules were used to acquire nonmanual skills such as visual and mental skills for data reading, calculations, interpretation of the results, deployment of an analytical protocol, and reporting results. ASSESSMENT: Learning achievement was evaluated by questions about microbiology case-based problems. Students' perceptions were obtained by assessment questionnaire. CONCLUSION: By combining different learning scenarios, the acquisition of the necessary but otherwise unreachable competences was achieved. Students achieved similar grades in the modules whose initiation was in the virtual laboratory to the grades they achieved with the modules whose complete or partial initiation took place in the laboratory. The knowledge acquired was satisfactory and the participants valued the experience.

Education, Pharmacy↗

Microbiological characterization of food residues for animal feeding.

A description is offered of microbiological characterization of the biodegradable fractions present in food wastes so that those fractions can be transformed in such a way that they will fulfil the specifications involved in their use as raw materials in other production areas. In this way the wastes can be converted into sub-products, hence minimizing the amount of them eventually sent to rubbish dumps. Of all the types of residues analyzed, only those obtained by separate collection from fishmongers' and greengrocers' sections of large supermarkets and small shops were valid for the objectives of the project and were subjected to a heat treatment to test whether or not this treatment was capable of reducing their microbiological content to the point of converting them into acceptable raw materials for animal feed. Residues from butchers' sections of supermarkets and small shops, and residues from restaurants were not included in the final study because of the prohibition by the European legislation in force of using any kind of meat containing wastes for feeding farm animals. In the present work we made a one-year analysis of representative samples of such wastes. We observed that after thermal treatment at a temperature of at least 65 degrees C for 20 min the nutritional and microbiological parameters remained suitable for their possible use as animal feed and that their harmlessness was ensured, with no loss of nutritional characteristics. Regarding the microbiological study of the meals which have been obtained from residues for the production of the feed and the feed itself, and in accordance with the data for nutritional composition, we consider valid and sanitarily adequate their use as animal feed with the concomitant consequent minimization of waste, which has become a priority in view of the recent legislation enacted by the European Union.

Animal Feed↗

Interaction between hemoglobin and glutathione in the regulation of blood flow in normal and septic pigs.

BACKGROUND: Hemoglobin (Hb) induces vasoconstriction by heme group binding nitric oxide in an irreversible fashion. Recent in vitro studies indicate that the thiol groups in Hb reversibly bind nitric oxide and participate in trans-nitrosylation reactions with other thiols. Sepsis is a pathophysiologic state characterized by vasodilation mediated, at least in part, by an excessive release of nitric oxide. The role of nitrosothiols (RSNOs) in these changes is unknown. OBJECTIVES: We tested the following in a porcine model of sepsis: (i) whether glutathione (GSH) reverses the hemodynamic effects of Hb; (ii) whether GSH induces an increase in blood flow in sepsis; (iii) whether RSNO plasma concentration increases in sepsis and is related to hypotension. DESIGN: Nonrandomized animal controlled study. SETTING: Animal research facility in a university hospital. SUBJECTS: Anesthetized pigs were monitored with a pulmonary artery catheter and ultrasonic blood flow probes in the mesenteric artery and the portal vein for measurement of systemic, mesenteric, and portal blood flows (Q(TOT), Q(MES), and Q(POR), respectively). Four groups of pigs were studied: nonseptic, septic, nonseptic treated with Hb (stroma-free purified porcine hemoglobin), and septic treated with Hb (n = 6 in each group). INTERVENTIONS: Sepsis was induced at 0 min by the administration of live Escherichia coli. Hb (400 mg/kg/hr) was administered at 240 mins, followed by glutathione (1 g iv). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Hb induced a pressor response and a decrease in Q(TOT), Q(MES), and Q(POR). Glutathione reversed the effects of Hb on Q(MES) and Q(POR). In septic pigs not treated with Hb, GSH induced an increase in Q(POR). RSNO plasma concentration increased after the induction of sepsis and correlated significantly with blood pressure. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate the reversibility of the effects of Hb by GSH, probably by interactions between nitric oxide and the reduced sulfhydryl groups in Hb, and suggest a role of RSNOs in the cardiovascular changes of sepsis.

Analysis of Variance↗