Biomedical subjects

Chang-Pin Lin

Publications and source records attributed to Chang-Pin Lin.

6 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2005

Expression of CX3C chemokine, fractalkine, and its receptor CX3CR1 in experimental autoimmune anterior uveitis.

PURPOSE: To demonstrate the expression and location of CX3C chemokine, fractalkine, and its receptor, CX3CR1, in the iris/ciliary body and thus establish their roles in experimental autoimmune anterior uveitis, an animal model of human acute anterior uveitis. METHODS: Uveitis was induced in Lewis rats by injection of melanin associated antigen into the peritoneum and footpad. At defined times, fractalkine and its receptor CX3CR1 mRNA expression in the iris/ciliary body were measured by using a semiquantitative polymerase chain reaction method. Fractalkine in aqueous humor was determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. The cellular sources of fractalkine were determined by immunhistochemical staining. In a separate experiment, NF-kappaB inhibitor, pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC; 200 mg/kg/day) was administrated intraperitoneally daily after immunization. The rats were sacrificed on day 14 of immunization. Fractalkine mRNA in iris/ciliary body and fractalkine concentration in aqueous humor were determined after PDTC treatment. RESULTS: Fractalkine mRNA was found to be upregulated in the iris/ciliary body nine days after immunization, preceding clinical disease onset. CX3CR1 mRNA exhibited peak levels at day 14, coincident with disease onset. Fractalkine in aqueous humor showed an expression profile similar to mRNA expression. PDTC (200 mg/kg) markedly inhibited the expression of fractalkine mRNA in the iris/ciliary body, and fractalkine protein in aqueous humor. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that fractalkine was expressed on vascular endothelial cells and infiltrated inflammatory cells. Treatment with PDTC significantly reduced both the number of leukocyte infiltrations in the iris/ciliary body and fractalkine expression on vascular endothelial cells. CONCLUSIONS: The sequential expression of fractalkine may direct distinct CX3CR1 receptor expressing mononuclear cell subsets to inflammatory sites. Fractalkine expression is modulated, at least in part, through the NF-kappaB signaling pathway. These findings provide new insight into the molecular mechanisms of acute anterior uveitis and suggest fractalkine or NF-kappaB as a new drug target for uveitis therapy.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

Metastatic choroidal tumors in Taiwan: an 11-year experience.

PURPOSE: To report the clinical features, the primary sites, and overall prognosis of choroidal metastasis. DESIGN: Observational case series. METHODS: Included were all cases of choroidal metastases evaluated at National Taiwan University Hospital over an 11-year period. Patients with blood or lymphoproliferative diseases were excluded. Clinical features were correlated with disease entity and prognosis. RESULTS: A total of 36 patients with choroidal metastases were identified. The mean age was 53.9 +/- 12.8 years. The mean follow-up period was 5.1 +/- 4.2 months. The primary sites of tumors were lung in 18 (50%), breast in eight (22.2%), gastrointestinal tract in three (8.3%), pancreas in two (5.6%), ovary in two (5.6%), kidney in one (2.8%), liver in one (2.8%), and unknown in one (2.8%). Twenty-two patients (61%) died during follow-up. Mean life span after diagnosis was 4.3 months in these 22 patients. CONCLUSIONS: Lung and breast cancers represent more than two thirds of primary tumor sites. Choroidal metastases may indicate terminal status of the underlying malignancy and short survival time.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

Effects of pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate, an NF-kappaB inhibitor, on cytokine expression and ocular inflammation in experimental autoimmune anterior uveitis.

AIMS: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC), a nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB inhibitor, on cytokine expression and suppression of anterior chamber inflammation in experimental autoimmune anterior uveitis. Uveitis was induced in the Lewis rats with the injection of a melanin-associated antigen into the peritoneum and footpad. At defined time points, cytokine mRNA expressions in the iris and ciliary body were measured by using a semiquantitative polymerase chain-reaction method. RESULTS: We found that interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha mRNA expression peaked during the active phase of uveitis, whereas interleukin (IL)-10 mRNA increased during the disease resolution. In a separate experiment, PDTC (100 and 200 mg/kg/day) was administrated intraperitoneally daily after immunization. We found that PDTC (100 and 200 mg/kg/day) effectively suppressed ocular inflammation, as indicated by reduced clinical scores and inflammatory cells infiltration in aqueous humor and the iris and ciliary body. CONCLUSIONS: The inhibitory effects of PDTC are mainly resulted from inhibiting the expression of proinflammatory cytokines, TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma but augmenting anti-inflammatory cytokines, IL-10 expression. These findings suggest that the application of NF-kappaB inhibitors may be a potential therapeutic method for the treatment of acute anterior uveitis.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

Effects of the NF-kappaB inhibitor pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate on experimentally induced autoimmune anterior uveitis.

PURPOSE: To determine the effect of pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC), a nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB inhibitor, on chemokine and chemokine receptor expression and thus elucidate the role of NF-kappaB in the pathogenesis of experimental autoimmune anterior uveitis (EAAU). METHODS: Uveitis was induced in Lewis rats with the injection of melanin-associated antigen into the footpad. PDTC (200 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally daily, beginning 1 day after the immunization. The clinical inflammatory activity of the anterior chamber was recorded daily and scored. Immunohistochemical staining and an electrophoretic mobility shift assay assessed the effect of PDTC on NF-kappaB activation in the iris/ciliary body tissues. Gene expression profiles of chemokine and chemokine receptors were semiquantitatively examined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Aqueous chemokine levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: PDTC significantly attenuated the clinical scores and monocyte/lymphocyte infiltration in rats with EAAU. PDTC effectively inhibited NF-kappaB activation in the iris and ciliary body, and markedly inhibited the expression of chemokine genes, including monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, regulated-on-activation normal T-cell expressed and secreted (RANTES), and interleukin (IL)-8 and chemokine receptors genes including CCR2, CCR5, and CXCR3. CONCLUSIONS: Activation of NF-kappaB appears to play an important role in the pathogenesis of EAAU, through transcriptional control of MCP-1, RANTES, and IL-8 gene expression. Blocking NF-kappaB reduces ocular inflammation and may be an effective strategy in the treatment of acute anterior uveitis.

Animals↗

PubMed2004

Expression of chemokine and receptors in Lewis rats with experimental autoimmune anterior uveitis.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the sequential expression of certain chemokines and chemokine receptors in the iris-ciliary body and popliteal lymph nodes of Lewis rats and, thus, to establish their roles in experimental autoimmune anterior uveitis. Uveitis was induced with the injection of melanin-associated antigen intraperitoneally and into the left foot. The clinical severity of the uveitis was scored. At defined time points, CC chemokines (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, macrophage inflammatory protein-1, and regulated-upon-activation normal T-cell expressed and secreted), CXC chemokines (interferon gamma-inducible protein-10, stromal-derived factor-1, and interleukin-8), and receptor (CCR2, CCR3, CCR5, CXCR1, CXCR2, CXCR3, and CXCR4) mRNA expression were semiquantified by using a reverse-transcriptase reaction followed by polymerase chain reaction. The concentrations of macrophage inflammatory protein-1 and regulated-upon-activation normal T-cell expressed and secreted in aqueous humor were determined by means of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, macrophage inflammatory protein-1 and interferon gamma-inducible protein-10 started increasing before the clinical onset of disease; these might have been involved in the initial recruitment of inflammatory cells. The level of regulated-upon-activation normal T-cell mRNA, however, started rising concurrently with the onset of clinical disease, suggesting that this chemokine may exert amplifying role in generating uveitis. Stromal-derived factor-1 exhibited an early and high level of expression with the increase of cognate receptor, CXCR4, indicating that stromal-derived factor-1 plays a role in either promoting angiogenesis or attracting for T-cells. Instead of upregulation like other chemokine receptors, interleukin-8 receptors, CXCR1and CXCR2, mRNA could not be detected in accord with the increase of interleukin-8. These findings appeared that downregulation of chemokine receptors on neutrophils may make themselves less respond to interleukin-8 and subsequently lead to decreased recruitment of neutrophils into the iris-ciliary body. In addition, the expression of chemokine receptors in popliteal lymph nodes were earlier than those in the iris-ciliary body. This sequence of expression may reflect the process of T lymphocytes maturation and differentiation. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 protein was immunohistologically detected in the ciliary epithelium and infiltrating leukocytes. The above results suggest that chemokines, which act on T cells and monocytes, are sequentially upregulated during the clinical course of experimental autoimmune anterior uveitis, and thus, may contribute to the pathogenesis of acute anterior uveitis.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Scleritis.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Eye Infections, Bacterial↗