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Chao Cheng

Publications and source records attributed to Chao Cheng.

2 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2025

Erythritol, Erythronate, and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Older Adults in the ARIC Study.

BACKGROUND: Circulating erythritol, an endogenously produced metabolite and an artificial sweetener, is associated with cardiovascular outcomes. OBJECTIVES: The authors assessed associations of erythritol and its downstream metabolite, erythronate, with cardiovascular risk factors and events in older adults in the ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities) study (visit 5, 2011-2013). METHODS: We included 4,006 participants without prevalent cardiovascular disease and with metabolomic profiling. Erythritol and erythronate were measured by mass spectrometry. We analyzed associations of log-transformed erythritol and erythronate with cardiovascular risk factors and events using Cox proportional hazard models. RESULTS: Participants in the highest tertiles of erythritol or erythronate were older, more likely to have diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, or microalbuminuria, and had higher body mass index and cardiac biomarkers and lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (P&#xa0;<&#xa0;0.001). Over median follow-up of 8.41 (7.62, 8.93) years, higher erythritol and erythronate concentrations were significantly associated with heart failure (HF) hospitalization, HF with preserved ejection fraction, cardiovascular death, and total mortality after adjustment for demographics and traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Erythronate was additionally significantly associated with coronary heart disease (HR: 1.30 [95% CI: 1.04-1.61], P&#xa0;=&#xa0;0.02), stroke (1.40 [95% CI: 1.08-1.83], P&#xa0;=&#xa0;0.012), and HF with reduced ejection fraction (1.38 [95% CI: 1.09-1.74], P&#xa0;=&#xa0;0.007). Diabetes status did not modify any of these associations (P for interaction >0.20). CONCLUSIONS: Circulating erythritol and erythronate levels are markers of cardiometabolic health and cardiovascular outcomes in an older adult population. In particular, erythronate is associated with all cardiovascular outcomes assessed. Future studies should assess the role of erythronate and its related pathways in cardiovascular disease.

artificial sweetener↗
PubMed2024

A comprehensive meta-analysis of tissue resident memory T cells and their roles in shaping immune microenvironment and patient prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer.

Tissue-resident memory T cells (TRM) are a specialized subset of long-lived memory T cells that reside in peripheral tissues. However, the impact of TRM-related immunosurveillance on the tumor-immune microenvironment (TIME) and tumor progression across various non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patient populations is yet to be elucidated. Our comprehensive analysis of multiple independent single-cell and bulk RNA-seq datasets of patient NSCLC samples generated reliable, unique TRM signatures, through which we inferred the abundance of TRM in NSCLC. We discovered that TRM abundance is consistently positively correlated with CD4+ T helper 1 cells, M1 macrophages, and resting dendritic cells in the TIME. In addition, TRM signatures are strongly associated with immune checkpoint and stimulatory genes and the prognosis of NSCLC patients. A TRM-based machine learning model to predict patient survival was validated and an 18-gene risk score was further developed to effectively stratify patients into low-risk and high-risk categories, wherein patients with high-risk scores had significantly lower overall survival than patients with low-risk. The prognostic value of the risk score was independently validated by the Cancer Genome Atlas Program (TCGA) dataset and multiple independent NSCLC patient datasets. Notably, low-risk NSCLC patients with higher TRM infiltration exhibited enhanced T-cell immunity, nature killer cell activation, and other TIME immune responses related pathways, indicating a more active immune profile benefitting from immunotherapy. However, the TRM signature revealed low TRM abundance and a lack of prognostic association among lung squamous cell carcinoma patients in contrast to adenocarcinoma, indicating that the two NSCLC subtypes are driven by distinct TIMEs. Altogether, this study provides valuable insights into the complex interactions between TRM and TIME and their impact on NSCLC patient prognosis. The development of a simplified 18-gene risk score provides a practical prognostic marker for risk stratification.

Humans↗