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Charles Kowalski

Publications and source records attributed to Charles Kowalski.

2 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

Complete dentures and oral health-related quality of life -- do coping styles matter?

UNLABELLED: Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQOL) in edentulous patients with complete dentures is often impaired. This paper investigates the effect of different coping styles on OHRQOL. PURPOSE: (a) To assess OHRQOL of edentulous patients with conventional complete dentures, and (b) to investigate if individual differences in these patients' styles of coping with stress affect their OHRQOL. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data were collected from 249 fully edentulous patients with complete dentures (mean age: 66.0 years) who responded to a mailed survey (adjusted response rate: 48.8%). OHRQOL was measured with the 14-item short form of the oral health impact profile (OHIP). Ratings of coping strategies were obtained using the 28-item Brief COPE, an instrument measuring various styles of coping with stress. Linear regression analyses were used to explore the relationships between coping styles, background variables such as age, gender, income, and age of prosthesis, and the patients' OHRQOL. RESULTS: About 35% of the respondents reported impacts from their oral conditions on their overall OHRQOL (OHIP-14 total score) occasionally, fairly often, or often. Physical pain was even more prevalent, with 53.3% of the respondents reporting pain impacts. The linear regression model (P < 0.0001) explained 31.1% of the variation in the OHIP-14 total score. The coping variables instrumental support, behavioral disengagement, substance abuse, denial, and religion were significant negative predictors of OHRQOL. Only emotional support was a significant positive predictor of OHRQOL. CONCLUSION: Wearing conventional complete dentures has a significant impact on OHRQOL. This impact is moderated by the styles a patient uses to cope with stress. Using emotional support has a positive effect on OHRQOL, while other coping styles, namely instrumental support, behavioral disengagement, substance abuse, denial, and religion are significant negative predictors of OHRQOL.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed2003

Guided tissue regeneration-based root coverage: meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: The goal of guided tissue regeneration-based root coverage (GTRC) is to repair gingival recession via new attachment formation. Numerous clinical trials have been conducted utilizing the concept of GTR to promote root coverage. Most GTRC studies have had relatively small sample sizes and have not utilized power calculations to determine appropriate sample size; therefore, it is difficult to draw strong conclusions from them. Hence, the purpose of this study is to combine data from currently available GTRC studies and to use meta-analysis to determine whether GTRC provides significantly improved clinical outcomes compared to conventional periodontal plastic surgical approaches for the treatment of marginal tissue recession. METHODS: Studies were identified that used GTR approaches to treat gingival recession from January 1990 to October 2001. Information from each study was entered into a database. Data were analyzed according to the following criteria: GTRC versus conventional mucogingival surgery (CMGS); membrane type; root conditioning; pretreatment recession depth; adjunctive use of bone replacement graft (BRG); and source of funding. Studies were ranked independently, and mean data from each were weighted accordingly. Meta-analysis was performed using the weighted means for each group. Paired t tests were used to determine statistical significance between each pair of groups. RESULTS: Forty papers were included for analysis. GTRC resulted in an average of 74% recession depth reduction, 41% complete root coverage, 3 mm AL gain, and 1 mm KG gain. Both GTRC and CMGS produced significant (P < 0.05) improvement compared to baseline measurements. Compared to GTRC, CMGS resulted in significantly (P < 0.05) increased KG (2.1 mm vs. 1.1 mm), root coverage (81% vs. 74%), and percentage of defects with complete root coverage (55% vs. 41 %). Use of absorbable membranes, root conditioning, shallow pretreatment recession (< 4 mm), and corporate sponsorship all resulted in significantly (P < 0.05) improved percentages of sites with complete root coverage but had no effect on other parameters. CONCLUSIONS: Based on this meta-analysis, guided tissue regeneration-based root coverage can be used successfully to repair gingival recession defects. Conventional mucogingival surgery, however, resulted in statistically better root coverage, width of keratinized gingiva, and complete root coverage.

Absorbable Implants↗