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Cheng-Yi Wang

Publications and source records attributed to Cheng-Yi Wang.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Pasteurization is effective against multidrug-resistant bacteria.

BACKGROUND: The emergence and rapid spread of multidrug-resistant isolates causing nosocomial infections, particularly pandrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, pandrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae are of great concern worldwide. METHODS: This study investigated the efficacy of pasteurization against contamination of culture tubes and plastic bags by the above 4 important multidrug-resistant bacteria. A 5-mL bacterial suspension with approximately 10(5) and 10(9) cfu/mL of each organism was inoculated into 3 sets of plastic bags and culture tubes and subjected to pasteurization in a washer at 75 degrees C for 30 minutes. RESULTS: A nearly total eradication was found after pasteurization of these 4 drug-resistant pathogens. CONCLUSION: Pasteurization was highly effective against drug-resistant bacteria. Strict adherence to appropriate infection control management for respiratory circuits is important for reducing the spread of drug-resistant bacteria among ventilator-assisted patients.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed2006

Bacteraemic pneumonia caused by Neisseria lactamica with reduced susceptibility to penicillin and ciprofloxacin in an adult with liver cirrhosis.

This report presents a case of bacteraemic pneumonia caused by Neisseria lactamica in an adult patient with liver cirrhosis who was successfully treated with ceftriaxone. The isolate was confirmed as N. lactamica by analysis of a partial sequence of the 16S rRNA gene; it had reduced susceptibilities to penicillin (MIC 0.75 microg ml(-1)) and ciprofloxacin (MIC > or =0.5 mg l(-1)).

Adult↗
PubMed2005

High frequency of linezolid-associated thrombocytopenia and anemia among patients with end-stage renal disease.

BACKGROUND: Data about the efficacy and tolerability of linezolid for the treatment of gram-positive bacterial infections in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) are lacking. METHODS: This retrospective case-control study compared the tolerability and efficacy of linezolid therapy for patients with ESRD and patients with non-end-stage renal disease (NESRD), all of whom had gram-positive bacterial infections. RESULTS: There were 58 men and 33 women enrolled in the study, with a mean age of 61.5 years (range, 45.4-81.2 years). Among these patients, 28 (30.8%) were receiving hemodialysis at the start of linezolid treatment. The ESRD group had a higher percentage of patients with diabetes mellitus (57.1% vs. 33.3%; P = .029) and an older mean age (+/-SD) (72.1 +/- 10.8 years vs. 56.8 +/- 20.4 years; P < .001), compared with the NESRD group. Severe thrombocytopenia (platelet count, < 100 x 10(9) platelets/L) and anemia were significantly more frequent in the ESRD group, compared with the NESRD group (78.6% vs. 42.9% [P = .003] and 71.4% vs. 36.5% [P = .003], respectively). The independent risk factors for thrombocytopenia identified by logistic regression analysis were pretreatment disease severity score (odds ratio [OR], 1.34; 95%, confidence interval [CI], 1.13-1.60; P = .001), central catheter-related infection (OR, 4.96; 95% CI, 1.08-22.73; P = .046), and ESRD (OR, 6.14; 95% CI, 1.63-23.26; P = .007). ESRD was the only independent risk factor for anemia (OR, 4; 95% CI, 1.50-10.64; P = .006). Survival analysis for the development of thrombocytopenia or death showed significant differences between patients with ESRD and patients with NESRD (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: The lower tolerability of linezolid in patients with ESRD, compared with those with NESRD, is evidenced by the higher rates of thrombocytopenia and anemia in the former group. The severity of these conditions necessitates treatment discontinuation for patients with ESRD more often than for patients with NESRD.

Acetamides↗
PubMed2005

Molecular evidence of recurrent histoplasmosis with 9-year latency in a patient with Addison's disease.

We present a case of fatal histoplasmosis in a patient with Addison's disease and long-term use of corticosteroid. The patient acquired Histoplasma capsulatum in China and initially presented with a laryngeal mass. He developed fulminant pneumonia and respiratory failure 9 years later. Nucleotide sequences of internal transcribed spacer regions of rRNA genes of the H. capsulatum isolate recovered from biopsied lung tissue and of the extracted fungal DNA from the laryngeal lesion were identical, indicating the recurrent nature of infection.

Addison Disease↗
PubMed2004

Effect of glutaraldehyde on the humoral immunogenicity and structure of porcine dermal collagen membranes.

OBJECTIVES: Our previous studies showed that the biodegradation rate of cross-linked porcine dermal collagen membrane (PDCM) could be retarded without changing its biocompatible character. The purpose of this study was to assay the humoral immune response of PDCM reconstitute with glutaraldehyde (GA) and observe their surface architectures. METHODS: PDCM reconstituted with GA (0, 0.01, 0.05, and 3%) was implanted in 30 Sprague-Dawley rats. Sample sera were collected 3, 6, and 9 weeks after surgery and assayed with ELISA. The architectures of PDCMs were observed under SEM (100x). RESULTS: The study showed that non cross-linked PDCM induced the highest immune response than any other cross-linked PDCMs (by optical density (OD) values, P<0.05). It also possessed the most active cross-reactivity to the serum of rats from any other PDCMs groups (by Sheffe test, P<0.05). The surface architectures observed under SEM presented four structures: fibrillar, porous, channeled, and sheet-like structures as PDCM was conditioned with 0, 0.01, 0.05, and 3% GA, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Resulting from the study are that changing the concentration of GA can modulate the surface characters of PDCMs and change their immunogenicity. Reconstitution of PDCM may not change the conformation of antigenic determinants of PDCM but rather hinder the epitopes by changing the surface stereo structure of this collagen.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Microsatellite instability and hMLH1 and hMSH2 gene expression in Taiwanese hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The mutation rate of hMSH2 and hMLH1 (20%) in Taiwanese hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) is lower than that reported in other countries. This study aimed to examine the microsatellite instability (MSI) status and gene expression pattern of Taiwanese HNPCC in an effort to establish correlation between these data and results of prior genetic screening. METHODS: The "Bethesda markers" were used for the MSI analysis. Tumor and neighboring tissues were obtained from 10-mm sections of neutral formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded, hematoxylin and eosin-stained specimens with a PixCell laser-capture microdissector. Four-mm sections were used for the immunohistochemical analysis by avidin-biotin complex method and final coloring with diaminobenzidine. A pathologist performed scoring of the pathological specimens twice, using a double-blinded methodology. Thirteen tissue blocks from 8 HNPCC families (Amsterdam's criteria) were included in this study. RESULTS: Although the majority of the HNPCC tissues displayed a MSI-high phenotype (10/13, 76.9%), lack of expression of MSH2 and MLH1 was infrequent. Furthermore, only 1 germ-line mutation was detected in the peripheral blood leukocytes of the patients whose tumors had lost protein expression of MSH2 or MLH1. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that the pathogenesis of Taiwanese HNPCC is different from that in other countries. Rather than immunohistochemical analysis, MSI status, and genetic screening, clinical history remains a reliable method for diagnosis of HNPCC in Taiwanese the population.

Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing↗
PubMed2002

A study of purified montmorillonite intercalated with 5-fluorouracil as drug carrier.

Since its introduction over 40 years ago, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) has remained the only effective chemotherapy option available for the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, this cytotoxic anticancer drug often causes severe side effects because it does not act selectively on the tumor. It has been reported that the 5-FU showed considerable toxicity when administered by intravenous injections or via alimentary tract. Although, many materials have been developed for carrying 5-FU, there has been no clinically acceptable carrier for 5-FU till now. Montmorillonite, one of the clay minerals, consists of hydrated aluminum silicates with fine grains and large spaces between the layers. Isomorphous substitution of cations is common. In the study, we attempt to intercalate 5-FU into interlayers of montmorillonite through ion exchange. Montmorillonite was purified from crude clays of bentonite in Tai-dong, Taiwan by filtration and sedimentation. Solutions of 5-FU with different concentrations were prepared by dissolving various amounts of 5-FU into 10 ml NaOH solution. Purified montmorillonite powder was soaked in 5-FU solution for a period of time with different pH values and temperatures. In this study, we try to intercalate 5-FU into interlayers of montmorillonite to find out optimum conditions, such as soaking time, temperature, pH value, initial 5-FU concentration, etc., to prepare composites of 5-FU and montmorillonite (5-FU/mont). UV, SDT, FTIR, XRD are used to characterize the 5-FU/mont composite. From the results. 5-FU was successfully intercalated into the interlayer of montmorillonite both by free surface absorption and OH replacement. The optimum condition for 5-FU/mont preparations is 1.185 wt% of 5-FU as initial concentration under a pH value of 11.6 at a temperature of 80 degrees C and a soaking time of 2 h. The total amount of 5-FU in montmorillonite is about 87.5 mg for each gram of montmorillonite, which can be proved by thermal gravimetric analysis. The composite of 5-FU/mont is expected to achieve in situ release for colorectal cancer therapy in future applications.

Aluminum Silicates↗
PubMed2002

Clinical characteristics of Taiwanese hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer kindreds.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The prevalence of colorectal cancer in Taiwan has increased gradually in recent years. Around 5% to 15% of colorectal cancer is hereditary, and hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) is the most common form of hereditary colorectal cancer. This study aimed to determine the clinical characteristics of Taiwanese HNPCC kindreds. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We reviewed the chart records of all HNPCC kindreds followed-up in our hospital during the period from 1996 to 1999. Their clinical characteristics were recorded and analyzed. RESULTS: There were 10 families, including a total of 202 persons, who met the Amsterdam criteria for HNPCC. Fifty-two persons in these families had a diagnosis of cancer, including 26 women and 26 men. There were 40 colorectal cancers, five endometrial cancers, five gastric cancers, two ovarian cancers, two hepatocellular carcinomas, and one each of lung cancer, breast cancer, thyroid cancer, and pancreatic cancer (six patients had two cancers). The mean age at cancer diagnosis was 42.1 years. Among the 12 occurrences in 11 colorectal cancer patients with complete clinical and pathological findings, most cancers (67%) were located proximal to the splenic flexure (right-side colon). One patient had metachronous colorectal cancer. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report of the general clinical characteristics of Taiwanese HNPCC. The clinical characteristics of HNPCC in Taiwan were similar to those in Western countries. The genetic bases of Taiwanese HNPCC patients remain to be determined.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Genetic analysis of the APC gene in Taiwanese familial adenomatous polyposis.

Colorectal cancer has become the third leading cause of death from cancer in Taiwan. Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is an autosomal dominant inherited disease characterized by the presence of multiple adenomatous polyps in the colon and rectum. The gene responsible for FAP (APC) was cloned in 1991. Extensive analyses of the mutation spectra in FAP kindreds have been performed in different countries, but the results have been highly variable (30-80%). In this study, we used denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) followed by automatic sequencing in an effort to establish the mutation spectrum of APC from DNA of peripheral blood cells. Among the 6 FAP probands analyzed, mutations were detected in 3 (50%), 2 of which were novel. The first novel mutation was at codon 2166, with a C to T transition, resulting in a stop codon. The second novel mutation was at codon 1971, with a C to G transversion, resulting in an amino acid change from serine to cysteine. The third mutation involved an A insertion in the sequence of -AAAAAA- at codons 1554-1556, which created a downstream stop codon (codon 1558). This study is the first to report mutation analysis in Taiwanese FAP probands.

Adenomatous Polyposis Coli↗