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Biomedical subjects

Christian Hoffmann

Publications and source records attributed to Christian Hoffmann.

24 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

Strong impact of highly active antiretroviral therapy on survival in patients with human immunodeficiency virus-associated Hodgkin's disease.

Hodgkin's disease (HD) is the most common non-acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-defining malignancy in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients. We analysed the outcome of patients with HIV-associated HD (HIV-HD) with respect to the use and efficacy of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and other prognostic factors. To evaluate the effects of several variables on overall survival (OS), Kaplan-Meier statistics and extended Cox regression analysis were performed. Response to HAART was used as a time-dependent variable and was defined as an increase of >0.1 x 10(9) CD4 cells/l and/or at least one viral load <500 copies/ml during the first 2 years following diagnosis of HIV-HD. Fifty-seven patients with HIV-HD diagnosed between 1990 and 2002 were included in the study. In the Cox model, the only factors independently associated with OS were HAART response [relative hazard (RH) 0.19; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.06-0.60], complete remission (RH 0.30, 95% CI 0.13-0.72), and age <or=45 years (RH 0.23; 95% CI 0.09-0.60). Median survival time in patients without HAART response was 18.6 months, whereas the median survival time in patients with HAART response was not reached (89% OS at 24 months). In this cohort, a significant improvement in survival was found in patients with HIV-HD who responded to HAART.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Response to highly active antiretroviral therapy strongly predicts outcome in patients with AIDS-related lymphoma.

BACKGROUND: AIDS-related lymphoma (ARL) remains a frequent complication of HIV infection. We analyzed the outcome of patients with ARL with respect to the use and efficacy of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and to potential prognostic factors. METHODS: This multicenter cohort study included patients with systemic ARL diagnosed between 1990-2001. We evaluated overall survival and the effects of several variables on overall survival using the Kaplan-Meier method and the extended Cox proportional hazards model. Response to HAART was used as a time-dependent variable and was defined as a CD4 cell count increase of >/= 100 x 106 cells/l and/or at least one viral load < 500 copies/ml during the first 2 years following diagnosis of ARL. RESULTS: Among 203 patients with ARL, median overall survival was 9.0 months [95% confidence interval (CI), 7.6-12.4 months]. In the univariate analyses, age < 60 years, no previous AIDS, CD4 cell counts >/= 200 x 106 cells/l, hemoglobin > 11 g/dl, Ann Arbor stages I-II and A, no extranodal lesion, response to HAART, and complete remission showed statistically significant association with prolonged overall survival. In the multivariate Cox model, the only factors independently associated with overall survival were response to HAART [relative hazard (RH), 0.32; 95% CI, 0.16-0.62], complete remission (RH, 0.24; 95% CI, 0.15-0.36), previous AIDS (RH, 1.92; 95%CI, 1.23-3.01) and extranodal involvement (RH, 2.85; 95% CI, 1.47-5.51). CONCLUSIONS: Efficacy of HAART was independently associated with prolonged survival in this large cohort of patients with ARL. Information on patient's response to HAART is crucial for the evaluation of future treatment strategies.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed2002

Application of a new color detection based method for the fast parallel screening of DeNO(x) catalysts.

A new fast parallel detection method for stage I screening of solid catalysts has been developed. This method is based on the color change of organic dyes in the presence of either educts or reaction products in a reaction gas flow. As an example, NO decomposition and NO reduction with propylene under lean or rich conditions were studied. The presence of NO in a gas stream was detected by the color change from colorless to blue-green of filter paper impregnated with an organic dye, 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), which was placed in the gas stream after the catalyst bed. The catalyst library was made up of mixed metal oxides, synthesized by impregnation of activated carbon with metal oxide precursor solutions and subsequent combustion of the carbon matrix. Catalytic activity of these metal oxides was compared to platinum on gamma-alumina as a reference catalyst. The most active compounds were then studied in detail for their DeNO(x)properties in a high precision parallel flow test rig under a stationary and cyclic lean/reach operation. A new promising NO(x) storage catalyst was discovered.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2002

Effects of interleukin-2 plus highly active antiretroviral therapy on HIV-1 replication and proviral DNA (COSMIC trial).

BACKGROUND: The effect of interleukin-2 (IL-2) in combination with antiretroviral therapy on HIV-1 replication and reservoirs was investigated. METHODS: In a prospective, open-label trial, 56 asymptomatic HIV-1-infected subjects (CD4 T cell count > 350 x 10(6) cells/l) were randomized to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART: stavudine, lamivudine, nelfinavir, saquinavir) with or without IL-2 (9 megaunits daily for 5 days in 6-weekly intervals for a total of eight cycles). Productive and latent infection were analysed in peripheral blood, and residual virus replication in the lymphoid tissue and in the cerebrospinal fluid. The influence of IL-2 on viral rebound after treatment discontinuation was studied. RESULTS: Virus replication was detected in 21 of 31 on-treatment lymph nodes despite undetectable plasma viraemia. Viral RNA was found in resting as well as in proliferating cells. RNA-negative patients tended towards more rapid proviral DNA elimination. Supplementary IL-2 led to a greater increase in CD4 T cell counts than HAART alone (P < 0.001), resulting in normalization in approximately 90% of IL-2-treated patients compared with approximately 50% HAART-only subjects. IL-2 had no beneficial effect on virus replication and on proviral DNA in peripheral blood. CONCLUSIONS: Viral persistence during HAART is partly a result of continued low-level replication, calling for more active regimens. IL-2 accelerates the normalization of CD4 T cell counts but does not impact on virus production or latency.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mass spectrometric sequencing of individual peptides from combinatorial libraries via specific generation of chain-terminated sequences.

Combinatorial peptide libraries are a versatile tool for drug discovery. On-bead assays identify reactive peptides by enzyme-catalyzed staining and, usually, sequencing by Edman degradation. Unfortunately, the latter method is expensive and time-consuming and requires free N termini of the peptides. A method of rapid and unambiguous peptide sequencing by utilizing synthesis-implemented generation of termination sequences with subsequent matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometric analysis is introduced here. The required capped sequences are determined and optimized for a specific peptide library by a computer algorithm implemented in the program Biblio. A total of 99.7% of the sequences of a heptapeptide library sample could be decoded utilizing a single bead for each spectrum. To synthesize these libraries, an optimized capping approach has been introduced.

Algorithms↗