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Biomedical subjects

Cor A J de Jong

Publications and source records attributed to Cor A J de Jong.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Effects of craving self-report measurement on desire for heroin in opioid dependent individuals.

This study aims to investigate whether the administration of questionnaires measuring subjective craving induces more craving for opiates compared to questionnaires measuring other subjective states. The study was conducted in 2000. The sample was composed of 53 patients that were treated as inpatients and outpatients for their opioid dependence syndrome. Participants were assigned randomly into four groups. Both a craving and negative affect condition were presented to each group. The administration of the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) preceded and followed each condition. Findings of the present study show that the administration of questionnaires measuring instant as well as general craving does not have a distinctive effect on measures of unidimensional craving compared to a questionnaire focused on anxiety and depression states. Because of the small sample, the results should be interpreted cautiously.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

A systematic review of the effectiveness of naltrexone in the maintenance treatment of opioid and alcohol dependence.

This systematic review summarises evidence of the effectiveness of naltrexone (NTX) and the added value of psychosocial treatment in the maintenance treatment of opioid and alcohol dependence. Studies were selected through a literature search conducted in March 2004. Seven opioid and seventeen alcohol studies were identified. When possible, meta-(regression) analyses were performed. There is lack of evidence about the effectiveness of NTX in the maintenance treatment of opioid dependence. There is evidence for the effectiveness and applicability of NTX in the management of alcohol dependence. The opioid studies combined NTX with a variety of psychosocial interventions, which plagued the evaluation of their value. Concomitant psychosocial interventions used in the alcohol studies were mainly cognitive behavioural, which seems to be more effective than NTX combined with supportive therapy. Available data do not allow firm conclusions regarding the added effect of psychosocial interventions. However, the data suggest that a combination of naltrexone with cognitive behavioural relapse prevention therapy is beneficial in alcohol dependent patients.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed2005

A controlled trial of methylphenidate in adults with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and substance use disorders.

AIMS: Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is common among adult patients with substance use disorders. The benefits of treating ADHD in these patients are uncertain and the prescription of psychostimulants is disputed, because of the risk of abuse. This study examined the short-term effectiveness of methylphenidate treatment for ADHD in adults with substance use disorders. DESIGN: Double-blind, placebo-controlled, multiple cross-over (A-B-A-B design) comparative trial of methylphenidate versus placebo. SETTING: In-patient addiction treatment facility. PARTICIPANTS: Twenty-five patients with ADHD who were receiving in-patient treatment for various substance use disorders. INTERVENTION: During the course of 8 weeks, each participant completed two phases of placebo and two phases of active medication treatment, in a fixed low-dosage schedule (up to 0.6 mg/kg/day). Abstinence was maintained during the study. MEASUREMENTS: The outcome measure was ADHD symptomatology, as measured with the ADHD rating scale-IV. The results were compared using MANOVA repeated measures. FINDINGS: Nineteen of the 25 patients completed the trial. A significant reduction in ADHD symptoms was observed in the first week in both conditions. The positive response to active treatment (nine patients; 36%) was not significantly higher than that to placebo (five patients; 20%). CONCLUSIONS: In this small pilot study, the effect of low-dose methylphenidate in adult ADHD patients with concomitant substance use disorders is limited. ADHD symptoms in adults were susceptible to a distinct short-term placebo response.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms in alcoholics and the relationship with alexithymia.

Alcohol abuse coincides with a wide variety of clinical, sociological and psychological features and symptoms. Gastrointestinal symptoms are also very common in alcoholics, but the reason is unclear. We aimed to determine the prevalence of alexithymia in alcoholics and furthermore if gastrointestinal symptoms were associated with alexithymia. Out of the 84 alcoholics who completed the alexithymia questionnaire (Toronto Alexithymia Scale, TAS20) and the standard gastrointestinal symptoms questionnaire, 92% reported gastrointestinal symptoms and 54% were alexithymic. Alcoholics above age 43 had more difficulty describing feelings (odds ratio=4.1, confidence interval=1.5-11.4). Almost all measured gastrointestinal symptoms in alcoholics were associated with scores on an alexithymia questionnaire.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Vitamin B12 status and its association with Helicobacter pylori infection in alcohol dependent patients.

Both infection with Helicobacter pylori and alcohol abuse have been associated with low vitamin B12 serum levels. The interaction between both risk factors is unknown. The aim of this study was to determine whether Helicobacter pylori infection is associated with low vitamin B12 levels in alcohol dependent patients. Blood samples were obtained from adult alcohol dependent patients undergoing detoxification and analyzed for serum vitamin B12 levels. Helicobacter pylori infection was serologically measured. Patient characteristics, medication use and alcohol consumption at admission were assessed by interview. A total of 6 out of 89 patients included presented low vitamin B12 levels, all were sub clinical deficient (<250 pmol/L) and none were clinical deficient (<150 pmol/L). Infection with Helicobacter pylori was present in 29% of the patients. The average vitamin B12 levels in Helicobacter pylori seropositive and seronegative patients were 1,033 pmol/L (SD 741) and 971 pmol/L (SD 717), respectively. The relation between Helicobacter pylori infection and vitamin B12 deficiency was not of significance (OR=0.48; 95% CI [0.05-4.32]). In conclusion, Helicobacter pylori infection is not a risk factor for low vitamin B12 levels in alcohol dependent patients.

Adult↗