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Biomedical subjects

Corinne Taddei

Publications and source records attributed to Corinne Taddei.

3 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Antifungal coating by biofunctionalized polyelectrolyte multilayered films.

The surface of medical devices is a common site of bacterial and fungal adhesion, first step to the constitution of a resistant biofilm leading frequently to chronic infections. In order to prevent such complications, several physical and chemical modifications of the device surface have been proposed. Here, we experiment a new type of topical antifungal coating using the layer-by-layer technique. The nanometric multilayer film obtained by this technique is functionalized by the insertion of a chromogranin A-derived antifungal peptide (CGA 47-66, chromofungin). We show that the embedded peptide keeps its antifungal activity by interacting with the fungal membrane and penetrating into the cell. In vitro studies demonstrate that such an antifungal coating is able to inhibit the growth of yeast Candida albicans by 65% and completely stop the proliferation of filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa. The cytotoxicity of such a coating was also assessed by growing human gingival fibroblasts at its surface. Finally, the antifungal coating of poly(methylmethacrylate), a widely used material for biomedical devices, is successfully tested in an in vivo oral candidiasis rat model. Taken together, these results assessed the functionalized multilayer films containing a new potent antifungal non-toxic peptide, as a novel and promising technique for local antifungal protection.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Degradability of polysaccharides multilayer films in the oral environment: an in vitro and in vivo study.

Biomedical devices and modified biomaterial surfaces constitute an expanding research domain in the dental field. However, such oral applications have to face a very particular environment containing specific physiological conditions and specific enzymes. To evaluate their suitability in the development of novel oral applications, the degradability of polyelectrolyte multilayer films made of the natural polysaccharides chitosan and hyaluronan (CHI/HA) was investigated in vitro and in vivo in a rat mouth model. The films were either native or cross-linked using a water-soluble carbodiimide (EDC) in combination with N-hydroxysulfosuccinimide. The in vitro degradation of the films by different enzymes present in the oral environment, such as lysozyme and amylase, was followed by quartz crystal microbalance measurements and confocal laser scanning microscopy observations after being film labeled with CHI(FITC). Whereas native films were subjected to degradation by all the enzymes, cross-linked films were more resistant to enzymatic degradation. Films were also put in contact with whole saliva, which induced a slow degradation of the native films over an 18 h period. The in vivo degradation of the films deposited on polymer disks and sutured in the rat mouth was followed over a 3 day period. Whereas film degradation is fast for native films, it is much slower for the cross-linked ones. More than 60% of these films remained on the disks after 3 days in the mouth. Taken together, these results suggest that the multilayer films made of natural polysaccharides are of high potential interest for oral applications, especially as drug release systems, offering various degradation rates and consequent release characteristics.

Animals↗