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Biomedical subjects

Cuneyt Orhan Kara

Publications and source records attributed to Cuneyt Orhan Kara.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Aortic stiffness, flow-mediated dilatation and carotid intima-media thickness in obstructive sleep apnea: non-invasive indicators of atherosclerosis.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has a critical association with cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. Carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) and aortic stiffness are early signs of atherosclerosis. The presence of subclinical atherosclerosis was assessed in OSA patients using these parameters. METHODS: 40 patients with OSA showing an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) > or =5 (mean age 51.3 +/- 9 years, 32 males) and 24 controls (AHI < 5, mean age 51.9 +/- 5.2 years, 19 males) were enrolled in the study. In all subjects, polysomnographic examination and recordings were performed during sleep. IMT of the carotid artery, endothelium-dependent/-independent vasodilation of the brachial artery and aortic elastic parameters were investigated using high-resolution Doppler echocardiography. RESULTS: The demographic data of the patients with OSA and controls were not significantly different. Subjects with OSA demonstrated higher values of aortic stiffness (7.1 +/- 1.88 vs. 6.42 +/- 1.56, respectively) and IMT (0.85 +/- 0.13 vs. 0.63 +/- 0.11 mm, p = 0.0001, respectively) but lower distensibility (9.47 +/- 1.33 vs. 11.8 +/- 3.36 cm(2)/dyn/10(6)) and FMD (4.57 +/- 1.3 vs. 6.34 +/- 0.83%, p = 0.0001, respectively) than the controls. The respiratory disturbance index correlated positively with aortic stiffness and IMT and negatively with distensibility and FMD. CONCLUSION: We observed blunted endothelium-dependent dilatation, increased carotid IMT and aortic stiffness in patients with OSA compared with matched control subjects. This is evident in the absence of other diseases, suggesting that OSA is an independent cause of atherosclerosis. These simple and non-invasive methods help to detect subclinical atherosclerosis in OSA.

Aorta, Thoracic↗
PubMed2006

Effect of obstructive sleep apnea on aortic elastic parameters: relationship to left ventricular mass and function.

BACKGROUND: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome has a critical association with cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. Aortic elastic parameters are important markers for left ventricular (LV) function and are deteriorated in cardiovascular disease. METHODS AND RESULTS: Aortic elastic parameters and LV functions and mass were investigated in 40 patients with OSA (apnea - hypopnea index (AHI) >or=5) (mean age 51.3 +/-9 years, 32 males) and 24 controls (AHI <5) (mean age 51.9+/-5.2 years, 19 males). All subjects underwent polysomnographic examination and recordings were obtained during sleep. They also underwent a complete echocardiographic examination and systolic and diastolic aortic measurements were noted from M-mode traces of the aortic root. There were no significant differences in the demographic data of the patients with OSA and the controls. Subjects with OSA demonstrated higher values of aortic stiffness (7.1+/-1.88 vs 6.42+/-1.56, p=0.0001), but lower distensibility (9.47+/-1.33 vs 11.8+/-3.36, p=0.0001) than the controls. LV ejection fraction was significantly lower in patients with OSA when compared with the control group (61.3+/-5.2% vs 65.9+/-8.4%, p=0.0001). LV diastolic parameters were also compared and were worse in the subjects with OSA than in the control subjects (mitral E/A: 0.91 +/-0.42 vs 1.35+/-0.66, p=0.001; Em/Am: 0.86+/-0.54 vs 1.23+/-0.59, p=0.021). Respiratory disturbance index had a positive correlation with aortic stiffness (r=0.63, p=0.0001 and negative correlation with distensibility (r=-0.41, p=0.001). CONCLUSION: Aortic elastic parameters are deteriorated in OSA, which has an extremely high association with cardiovascular disease. Increased aortic stiffness might be responsible for the LV systolic and diastolic deterioration in OSA syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

The effects of estradiol and progesterone on the synthesis of collagen in tracheal surgery.

OBJECTIVE: Estrogen and progesterone have the decreasing effect on massive collagen synthesis in wound healing. Here, it is aimed to determine their decreasing effect on collagen accumulation and fibroblast proliferation in trachea histologically and to understand if they would be protective for tracheal stenosis. METHODS: Thirteen male Winstar rats were divided randomly into two groups: estrogen-progesterone group (group 1, eight rats) and control group (group 2, five rats). Under general anesthesia, tracheas were incised vertically extending from second to fifth tracheal ring. Incision was closed with absorbable sutures. Estrodiol benzoat and progesterone was given intramuscularly to estrogen progesterone group, saline solution to control group. After 4 weeks they were sacrificed and tracheas were excised. Horizontal cross section of the narrowest part of the incised trachea was examined histologically. Epithelial regeneration, inflammatory cell infiltration, angiogenesis, fibroblast proliferation and collagen deposition were evaluated by histological grading. RESULTS: Statistically significant difference was found between the groups in collagen deposition and fibroblast proliferation (p=0.011, <0.05). For epithelial regeneration, inflammatory cell infiltration, and angiogenesis there was no difference. CONCLUSION: As a result, it was proved that sex hormones inhibit massive collagen deposition and fibroblast proliferation in wound healing of tracheal surgery. Hence, they may prevent tracheal stenosis.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Does corticosteroid usage in rhinoplasty cause mood changes?

In this study, the psychological effects of single-dose corticosteroids administered to patients who had undergone rhinoplasty were assessed. A total of 30 rhinoplasty patients were included in the study and were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 groups. Preoperatively, patients completed the Bech Rafaelsen Mania Scale and the Beck Depression Inventory. Dexamethasone 10 mg was given intravenously just before surgery to the first group, but no medication was administered to the second group. On the first postoperative day, patients were seen again, and the Bech Rafaelsen Mania Scale and the Beck Depression Inventory were again completed. Periorbital edema and ecchymosis were graded, and psychological well-being was measured on a standard visual analog scale. All patients and physicians were blinded to treatment until the end of the study. Results show that administration of a single-dose of dexamethasone 10 mg caused neither euphoria nor depression. No significant differences were observed between steroid and control groups in terms of patients' psychological well-being. With single-dose dexamethasone, periorbital edema was significantly reduced on the first 2 postoperative days, and upper eyelid ecchymosis was significantly decreased only on the first postoperative day. However, reoperative steroid administration had no influence on ecchymosis of the lower eyelid. The authors conclude that single-dose dexamethasone 10 mg can be used safely to reduce periorbital edema and ecchymosis in rhinoplasty patients.

Adult↗