PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

Cynthia Gates Goodyer

Publications and source records attributed to Cynthia Gates Goodyer.

3 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Relationship of the human growth hormone receptor exon 3 genotype with final adult height and bone mineral density.

CONTEXT: Three recent clinical studies have reported that two of the most common isoforms of the human GH (hGH) receptor (hGHR), exon 3 full-length (3+) and exon 3 deleted (3-), may have differential effects on the growth response of children receiving hGH therapy, whereas others refute this. However, none of the investigations has explored the relationship between these hGHR isoforms and final adult height (FAH) or measures of bone mineral density (BMD) within a healthy adult population. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the possible influences of hGHR exon 3 isoforms on FAH and BMD measures of a normal population. DESIGN: The study was designed to correlate the hGHR exon 3 genotype of a cohort of healthy adults with FAH, BMDs [spine (L2-L4) and hip (femoral neck)], and quantitative ultrasound (QUS) of the heel. PATIENTS: Participants were 368 unrelated healthy adult white women, aged 18-35 yr. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: We analyzed association of hGHR exon 3 genotypes with FAH, BMD, and QUS. Heights were measured using a stadiometer, BMDs using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, and QUS by standard technique. Detailed medical histories, including lifestyle factors, were obtained using a standardized interview. RESULTS: The distribution of hGHR genotypes in the 368 samples was 53.3% for 3+/3+, 35.6% for 3+/3-, and 11.1% for 3-/3-. There was no correlation between the hGHR exon 3 genotypes and FAH, BMD, or QUS in this cohort. CONCLUSION: The hGHR 3+ and 3- isoforms appear not to have differential effects on two major growth outcomes of hGH action, FAH, and BMD in a population of healthy adult women.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Characterization of growth hormone receptor messenger ribonucleic acid variants in human adipocytes.

CONTEXT: Human GH exerts profound effects on adiposity through its specific receptor, hGHR. Eight hGHR mRNAs are produced by the hGHR gene due to splicing from alternate 5'-untranslated region first exons into a common acceptor site upstream of the start codon in exon 2. Four transcripts (V2, V3, V5, V9) are ubiquitously expressed, whereas the other four (V1, V4, V7, V8) are expressed only in normal postnatal liver, suggesting that different promoter usage is a mechanism for developmental- and tissue-specific regulation of the hGHR gene. OBJECTIVE: Because it is unknown whether this occurs in adipocytes, we screened human adipocyte cDNA for hGHR mRNAs using 5'-rapid amplification of cDNA ends. RESULTS: Eighty-nine percent of the clones were V2-like, 3% were V3-like, and 8% were five new mRNA variants (VA-VE). All new 5'-untranslated region sequences mapped within the hGHR 5'flanking region. RT-PCR assays showed expression in multiple fetal and adult tissues, and, thus, they are not adipocyte specific. We compared expression of hGHR mRNAs in adult liver, adult fat, and the human preadipocyte SGBS cell line, using duplex RT-PCR. In liver, V1 and V2 are the major hGHR mRNAs, whereas in adipose, V2 predominates; VA and VC are expressed at similar lower levels in both. In SGBS preadipocytes, approximately 70% of hGHR mRNA is V2. During differentiation, total hGHR and V2 transcripts are markedly up-regulated [hGHR: 2.3 +/- 0.2-fold (mean +/- se), P < 0.01; V2: 3.0 +/- 0.8, P < 0.03], whereas other variants also increased but remained relatively minor transcripts. CONCLUSIONS: We have identified five new hGHR mRNA variants. Because the V2 transcript is predominant in adipocytes at all developmental stages, the mechanisms regulating its expression should be examined.

5' Untranslated Regions↗