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Biomedical subjects

D A Meyer

Publications and source records attributed to D A Meyer.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Ascorbic acid uptake and metabolism by corneal endothelium.

Ascorbic acid is concentrated in various ocular compartments where it is thought to protect diurnal animal species against damaging effects of ultraviolet radiation. The authors evaluated the possibility that corneal endothelial cells have specific transport and/or metabolic properties that deliver ascorbic acid to the stroma. Bovine corneal endothelial cells were grown to confluence in multiple-well plates. Individual groups of cells (approximately 10(4)) were then incubated at various times at 34 degrees C in a physiologic buffer that contained a 10 microM level of 14C-labeled ascorbic acid or the oxidized product, dehydro-L-ascorbic acid. Endothelial cells take up dehydro-L-ascorbic acid at least seven times as rapidly as they take up ascorbic acid. After 30 sec of incubation with 14C-dehydro-L-ascorbic acid, most of the label accumulated in the cell is in the reduced form. Uptake is inhibited by cyanide and iodoacetamide but is unaffected by ouabain. Exposure of cultured cells to various intermediates in the energy metabolism pathways reduced uptake of ascorbic acid but had a minor effect on uptake of the oxidized molecule. These results suggest that the cornea has transport and metabolic capacity to extract dehydro-L-ascorbic acid from aqueous humor and reduce it, thus providing a source of ascorbic acid for corneal protection. This also would maintain "total" ascorbic acid of aqueous humor in the reduced state.

2,3-Diketogulonic Acid↗
PubMed1978

Hazards of succinylcholine administration during electrotherapy.

We describe prolonged apnea following electrotherapy in a patient who was also being treated with a topical organophosphate anticholinesterase, ecothiophate iodide (phospholine iodide), for glaucoma. The increased duration of action of succinylcholine resulted from low levels of serum cholinesterase that had been caused by the organophosphate. Attention is called to other drugs that directly or indirectly (by lowering serum cholinesterase) interact with succinylcholine chloride resulting in prolonged apnea. Other potential hazards of succinylcholine administration, such as hyperkalemia and cardiac arrhythmias, are also discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

A rating scale for mania: reliability, validity and sensitivity.

An eleven item clinician-administered Mania Rating Scale (MRS) is introduced, and its reliability, validity and sensitivity are examined. There was a high correlation between the scores of two independent clinicians on both the total score (0.93) and the individual item scores (0.66 to 0.92). The MRS score correlated highly with an independent global rating, and with scores of two other mania rating scales administered concurrently. The score also correlated with the number of days of subsequent stay in hospital. It was able to differentiate statistically patients before and after two weeks of treatment and to distinguish levels of severity based on the global rating.

Bipolar Disorder↗
PubMed1978

Imipramine and desipramine plasma levels: relationship to dosage schedule and sampling time.

Tricyclic antidepressant plasma levels were determined after administration if imipramine (11 patients) and desipramine (ten patients) as a single daily bedtime dose or in divided doses. Plasma levels of the tricyclics were relatively stable on both dosage schedules due to the long plasma half-lives of these drugs. No difference was found between the two dosage schedules and the therapeutic effectiveness or the severity of side effects. The majority of patients preferred the single dose schedule. These findings support the use of a single daily dose of imipramine and desipramine.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Dosage schedule and plasma levels of doxepin and desmethyldoxepin.

Plasma levels of doxepin and its metabolite desmethyldoxepin were determined in 7 depressed patients treated with doxepin hydrochloride in 3 divided doses at 1000, 1600, and 2200 hours (t.i.d.), and repeated after changing the dosage schedule to a single daily bedtime (h.s.) dose at 2200 hours. Doxepin and its metabolite were measured at 9000, 1200, 1500, and 1800 hours. None of the individual patients showed clinically significant changes in their plasma concentration of tricyclic antidepressant on the 2 dosage schedules. No difference in the clinical condition of the patients was detected on the 2 dosage schedules using the Zung Self Rating Depression Scale, however patients experienced more morning sedation while on the single h.s. dosage. This study provides pharmacological support for the prescription of doxepin on a once daily basis.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Psychiatric illness in homicide victims.

The authors studied the demographic characteristics and history of psychiatric treatment of 214 homicide victims and 67 suicide victims. Thirty-two (15%) of the homicide victims and 12 (18%) of the suicide victims had a record of psychiatric care; these rates were higher than the treatment rate of the general population. The authors suggest that there may be a connection between the occurrence of homicide and the increased frequency of psychiatric disorders among victims of this crime.

Homicide↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Notes on epidemiology of homicide in an urban area.

Over the past 30 years, there was a slow but steady increase of the homicide rate in the United States. The increase was faster in the urban areas. In St. Louis, Missouri, the rate had increased from 7/100 000 in 1943 to 33/100 000 in 1973. The development of meaningful preventive measures depends upon repeated epidemiologic investigations to determine the changes in patterns of crime to see if our approach to the problem is still adequate to meet the need. The police records of 214 homicide victims in the city of St. Louis during 1973 were examined. Mean age of the victims was 35 years. Eighty-five per cent of them were men and 81% were black. There are 2 distinctly different profiles of homicide victims, "younger" under 30 years old, and "older" 30 years old and over. "Young" victims had a mean age of 21 years. They were more likely to be black, killed after an argument over money or property, or while committing a crime, and killed by a gun. There were more black victims killed by other blacks and the murderer was usually older (mean age 26 years). These homicides were less frequently victim-precipitated, killed by a relative or friend, or while drinking. "Older" victims had a mean age of 49 years. Among them there were more whites, more victim-precipitated and more victims drank prior to their death, while the murderer was usually younger (mean age 35 years).

Adult↗