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Biomedical subjects

D A Rund

Publications and source records attributed to D A Rund.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

American Board of Emergency Medicine Longitudinal Study of Emergency Physicians.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: The American Board of Emergency Medicine (ABEM) Longitudinal Study of Emergency Physicians (LSEP) was initiated to describe the development of a new medical specialty through the continuing study of the lives of representative emergency physicians. The study is designed to gather data periodically over many years to come. The primary purpose of this article is to provide a baseline for the information obtained and the methods used to develop the ABEM LSEP. METHODS: Stratified, random sampling was used to select emergency physicians who represent different stages in the development of the specialty. Major data collections are conducted using a comprehensive questionnaire in 5-year intervals. Practice profiles were developed and analyzed. Homogeneous scales were created in 9 survey categories and analyzed. RESULTS: The survey was returned by 95% (958/1,008) of the emergency physicians. They are primarily middle-aged, family- and community-oriented, satisfied with their careers, and find that work stress is not a serious problem. Those who are trained in emergency medicine are the most likely to be involved in academic emergency medicine. CONCLUSION: The LSEP is a broad-reaching investigation of emergency physicians. Over time the study will describe (1) the individuals who move the specialty forward at different stages in the growth of the specialty, (2) the realities of practice in the specialty, (3) the relationship of the specialty to the personal lives and well-being of the specialty physicians, and (4) the changes seen in these factors over time.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Reported alcohol consumption and the serum carbohydrate-deficient transferrin test in third-year medical students.

The serum carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT) test was performed on 143 third-year medical students along with questionnaires for the self-reporting of alcohol consumption during the last 2 weeks, the last 6 months, and questions on any alcohol-related untoward events. We found that the CDT test has poor sensitivity for detecting binge drinking in our population of students, despite some likely under-reporting of drinking. Self-reporting of drinking is commonly unreliable, and we found no significant correlation between the CDT concentrations in serum and the magnitude of self-reported alcohol use during 2-week and 6-month periods. Hangover was by far the commonest self-reported untoward event, and there was a highly significant relationship (P < 0.001) between drinking and untoward events. From a small population of non-drinkers, we estimated the reference ranges for CDT to be <27 U/l for men and <35 U/l for women.

Accidents↗
PubMed1997

Nonobstetric emergencies in pregnancy: trauma and surgical conditions.

Nonobstetric surgical emergencies may be difficult to recognize in pregnant patients whose normal physiologic state is altered by pregnancy. Early suspicion and serial examination in pregnancy may result in appropriate interventions for appendicitis, cholecystitis, pancreatitis, and bowel obstruction. Treatment in pregnant patients who experience trauma must be systematic so that situations at risk for maternal and fetal loss can be recognized.

Appendicitis↗
PubMed1997

Nonobstetric conditions causing hypoxia during pregnancy: asthma and epilepsy.

Nonobstetric medical emergencies of hypoxia may be difficult to recognize in pregnant patients whose normal physiologic condition is altered by the pregnant state. Keys to early recognition of hypoxia in pregnancy may result in appropriate medical interventions for treatment of asthma and seizures that minimize ill effects to mother and fetus. Preventive measures and patient education are important to reducing the incidence of emergencies such as status asthmaticus and status epilepticus.

Asthma↗
PubMed1997

Longitudinal study of emergency physicians by the American Board of Emergency Medicine: 1995 interim survey results.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To obtain current demographic data and information regarding the opinion of a stratified random sample of emergency physicians about the greatest current challenges facing emergency medicine. METHODS: An annual survey was conducted by the American Board of Emergency Medicine (ABEM) using a stratified random sample of 1,004 emergency physicians selected from four cohorts, 1979, 1984, 1988, and 1993. These samples were further divided between diplomates who had completed emergency medicine residency training and those who had not. The 1993 non-residency-trained panel was replaced by a random sample of American College of Emergency Physicians members who were full-time emergency physicians, were not ABEM diplomates, and had not completed a residency in emergency medicine. The interim survey instrument is a one-page collection of relevant demographic items selected from the comprehensive 5-year questionnaire with the addition of the open-ended question, "What are the greatest challenges facing emergency medicine today?" RESULTS: Of the interim surveys distributed, 95% (n = 956) were returned. Because the 1995 interim survey was the first distributed after the initial 1994 comprehensive survey, the demographic data had changed little. Such data will become increasingly important and useful as changes are reported over subsequent years. The main challenge identified by participants was the impact of managed care (31%), followed by economic and financial issues (23%). Personal impact issues, such as individual stress and malpractice, accounted for a smaller number of responses (18%). CONCLUSION: Overall, the ABEM Longitudinal Study participant responses to the 1995 interim survey describe a committed group of emergency physicians who are struggling and coping with the needs of a maturing specialty and with the crosscurrents and changes in American medicine.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1997

Faculty development in emergency medicine.

Faculty development is an important, multifaceted topic in academic medicine. In this article, academic emergency physicians discuss aspects of faculty development, including: 1) a department chair's method for developing individual faculty members, 2) the traditional university approach to promotion and tenure, 3) faculty development in a new department, and 4) personal development.

Emergency Medicine↗
PubMed1989

Substance abuse education in residency training programs in emergency medicine. NIAAA Task Force of the American College of Emergency Physicians.

The emergency department is the focal point for many social ills, not the least of which is substance abuse. We conducted a study to determine to what degree substance abuse education is taught in emergency medicine residency training programs. A set of educational objectives was developed by a task force composed of representatives of the American College of Emergency Physicians, the Society of Teachers of Emergency Medicine, and the University Association for Emergency Medicine. A questionnaire then was sent to the directors of all emergency medicine residency programs accredited by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education to determine the degree to which those objectives are covered in residency training. A 62% response rate was achieved. The data revealed that such topics as narcotic prescription law, patterns of risk, and issues pertaining to substance abuse by physicians were covered by fewer than half of the programs responding. Respondents were generally satisfied with the adequacy of training of residents and faculty in the area of substance abuse; however, they were dissatisfied with the adequacy of available training materials. Recommendations for changes in graduate curriculum as well as avenues for further research are provided.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗