Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to D A Sklare.
Clinical auditory brain stem response latency measures are conventionally evaluated for abnormality by reference to normative laboratory values in standard deviation units. This note suggests that the directionality of the test hypothesis should be considered when the clinical ABR is evaluated for abnormality at a predetermined level of confidence.
Patients with panic disorder commonly report symptoms of dizziness and imbalance. We studied the relationship between objective measures of audiovestibular function, phenomenologic, and self-report measures of dysequilibrium and related somatic symptoms in a sample of panic disorder patients with and without agoraphobia, unselected for the complaint of dysequilibrium. Of seventeen patients evaluated by electronystagmography, 71 percent exhibited abnormal vestibular test findings. These latter patients had higher total anxiety ratings than patients without vestibular abnormalities. We conclude that patients with panic disorder warrant evaluation of audiovestibular function.
This note proposes that a statistical index, the standard error of the mean, be used in determining a posteriori whether an adequate subject sample has been selected for auditory brain stem response laboratory norms. When the standard error calculated is within the laboratory's resolution of measurement, the data set obtained provides a good estimate of the true population mean, obviating the need for sampling additional subjects.
Interaural attenuation of pure tone and speech signals was evaluated for a new audiometric insert earphone, the ER-3A tubephone, and a conventional TDH-49P supra-aural earphone in seven unilaterally deaf adult subjects. These results validate and extend the interaural attenuation data reported by the manufacturer of the ER-3A and his associates. At frequencies of 0.5 to 1 kHz, mean interaural attenuation for the deeply inserted ER-3A decreased from 94+ dB to 81 dB, with the lowest value for any subject, 75 dB. Interaural attenuation for speech approximated that of the 1 to 2 kHz frequency range. The ER-3A tubephone provides significantly greater acoustic isolation between the two ears in the low-mid frequency audiometric range than the conventional supra-aural earphone.
A growing body of research has focused on the P3 (P300) event-related potential as an electrophysiological correlate of selective attention. The present investigation examines the intrasubject test-retest reliability of the auditory evoked P3 latency measure for neurologically and audiologically normal young adults aged 22-34 years across test sessions separated by 2-4 weeks (N = 9) and across trials within one test session (N = 20). In a target-selection ('oddball') paradigm, subjects mentally counted infrequent 2 kHz tone bursts (targets) randomly interspersed within a sequence of 1 kHz tone bursts (non-targets). A strong positive correlation was demonstrated between latencies of test sessions I and II. An analysis of variance did not demonstrate statistically significant latency differences as a function of either tests or trials for the test-retest group (N = 9). Although analysis of variance demonstrated a statistically significant difference between trials within one test session for 20 subjects, the small mean latency difference between trials (4.7 msec) is interpreted as being clinically unimportant. The stability of P3 latency found in this study over a period of 2-4 weeks supports its application to the study of normal and disordered cognitive processes.
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