Biomedical subjects

D A Soboleski

Publications and source records attributed to D A Soboleski.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1998

Impact of magnetic resonance imaging on the surgical management of cystic hygromas.

BACKGROUND: The surgical management of cystic hygromas can be challenging, and accurate diagnosis and anatomic localization is essential. The literature on the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in pediatric cystic hygromas is sparse and mostly limited to radiological descriptions. METHODS: The authors present five cases of cystic hygromas in children ranging in age from 1 to 13 years. The preoperative MRI scans and patient charts were reviewed with attention to the clinical, radiological, surgical, and histological findings. RESULTS: MRI produced highly detailed multiplanar renderings of the cystic hygromas that were both diagnostic and predictive of the subsequent intraoperative findings. This modality helped specifically in some cases to identify lesion extensions that required specific surgical attention. There were no recurrences or complications at a mean follow-up of 18 months. CONCLUSION: The use of MRI in cystic hygromas can facilitate accurate diagnosis and assist in the preoperative planning, thereby contributing to the successful treatment of these lesions.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1995

Diagnosis from single-digit radiography.

This pictorial assay illustrates the value of plain radiographs of the digit in diagnosing disease in children. Although the hand is regarded as a mirror of disease, the finger often points to the correct diagnosis. The authors present a series of cases for which a coned-down view of a single digit is given. In some cases the findings indicate a specific diagnosis, whereas in others only a differential diagnosis is possible. The radiographic findings and a brief differential diagnosis, as well as the definitive diagnosis, are presented for each case.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1993

Sonographic diagnosis of developmental dysplasia of the hip: importance of increased thickness of acetabular cartilage.

OBJECTIVE: Dynamic and static sonography has become the imaging technique of choice in the diagnosis and follow-up of developmental dysplasia of the hip. The purpose of this study was to determine the value of using the thickness of acetabular cartilage as measured on sonograms as a discriminating factor in the diagnosis of developmental dysplasia. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We evaluated 220 consecutive hips in 110 infants referred for sonography because of possible developmental dysplasia (referred group). We also evaluated 66 hips in 33 infants who had normal findings on physical examination and no clinical or sonographic evidence of the abnormality (control group). The thickness of the acetabular cartilage, the alpha angle, and the presence of subluxation or dislocation on sonograms were recorded. Follow-up clinical and sonographic examinations were performed between 6 weeks and 6 months after the initial examinations in 19 patients in whom the thickness of the acetabular cartilage was increased (> 3.5 mm) and in 20 patients in whom the thickness was in the normal range (< 3.5 mm). All 39 patients who had follow-up examinations were from the referred group, and all these hips were normal according to conventional sonographic criteria on the initial examination. RESULTS: Of the 220 hips in the referred group, 170 were initially classified as normal according to traditional sonographic standards, and 50 were classified as dysplastic (alpha angle < 55 degrees with or without subluxation or dislocation). The mean thickness of the acetabular cartilage in the control group was 2.6 mm (1 SD = 0.37) as compared with 4.6 mm (1 SD = 0.71) for the dysplastic hips in the referred group. The mean thickness in the hips classified as normal in the referred group was 3.0 mm. Nineteen hips in the referred group in which the thickness of the acetabular cartilage was greater than in the control group (i.e., > 3.4 mm) were imaged again during follow-up examinations. Sixteen of these 19 hips had become clinically unstable or dysplastic according to conventional sonographic criteria. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that sonographic evidence of increased thickness of the acetabular cartilage is an early sign of developmental dysplasia of the hip and that close follow-up of infants with this abnormality is indicated.

Acetabulum↗

PubMed1988

Synthesis and calcium channel antagonist activity of nifedipine analogues containing 1,2-dihydropyridyl in place of the 1,4-dihydropyridyl moiety.

Calcium channel antagonist activities of the 1,2-dihydropyridines (9) were determined using the muscarinic-receptor mediated Ca2+ dependent contraction of guinea pig ileal longitudinal smooth muscle. The relative potency order for 4-substituted analogs 9 was phenyl greater than 3-trifluoromethyl(nitro)phenyl greater than 4- and 2-trifluoromethyl(nitro)phenyl. Increasing the size of the alkyl ester substituents (9h) enhanced activity. The test results indicate that the 1,2-dihydropyridyl ring system (9) is partially bioisosteric with the 1,4-dihydropyridyl ring system (10). Competitive [3H]-nitrendipine binding studies indicated that the affinities of the 1,2-dihydropyridine analogues were much lower than expected from their ID50 activities, suggesting that these analogues inhibit calcium channels by a different receptor mechanism. In the synthetic work, Hantzsch condensation of aldehydes (3) with alkyl acetoacetates (4) afforded 3,5-dialkyl 2,6-dimethyl-4-(substituted-phenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylat es (5). Oxidation of 5 gave the aromatic pyridines (6) which were elaborated to the l-methylpyridinium methyl sulphates (7) and then to the perchlorates (8). Sodium borohydride reduction of 8 in aqueous ethanol gave 3,5-dialkyl 1,2,6-trimethyl-4-(substituted-phenyl)-1,2-dihydropyridine-3, 5-dicarboxylates (9).

Animals↗