Biomedical subjects

D Alberts

Publications and source records attributed to D Alberts.

40 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

PubMed1985

Intraperitoneal chemotherapy: technical experience at five institutions.

With the rapid expansion of research programs examining intraperitoneal chemotherapy for ovarian cancer and other intraabdominal malignancies, there is a need for a reliable and safe access to the peritoneal cavity. The technical experience accumulated with either the Tenckhoff catheter or the Port-A-Cath in 288 patients treated at five institutions showed a low incidence of catheter-related peritonitis (5% and 8%, respectively), skin infection (6.6% and 0%), and bowel perforation following surgical implantation (3.5% and 1.3%). Postoperative leakage of intraabdominal fluid, bleeding, or ileus were uncommon and easily controlled. Drainage failure was the major problem with both systems; occurring in 45% of patients. Although both systems are workable, improved catheters for the administration of intraperitoneal chemotherapy are warranted.

Antineoplastic Agents↗

PubMed1982

Evaluation of topically applied trans-retinoic acid in the treatment of cervical intraepithelial lesions.

The prevention and/or suppression of preneoplastic foci in animals has been convincingly demonstrated with the use of a variety of compounds, including retinoids. We report here a phase I/II trial of beta-trans-retinoic acid delivered via a collagen sponge/diaphragm insert for neoplasia of the cervix. Eighteen patients with biopsy-proved grades 2 and 3 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia underwent four consecutive daily applications of trans-retinoic aicd to the cervix. Conization of the cervix was performed 4 weeks later. Significant vaginal toxicity in 10 of 18 (55%) patients was unrelated to the concentration or carrying media of the drug. A reduction in size of the intraepithelial lesion was noted by colposcopy in six of 18 (33%) patients with complete resolution of disease at conization in two patients. A new delivery system designed to avoid vaginal toxicity while defining the optimal concentration and dosing schedule for these patients is currently under investigation.

Administration, Topical↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Perioperative control of blood glucose in diabetic patients: a two-step protocol.

Perioperative control of blood glucose in patients with diabetes has been difficult due to frequent occurrence of hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia. We developed a two-step protocol for management of insulin-treated patients during general anesthesia. Regular insulin was given intravenously before anesthetic induction according to the step I formula (initial): initial blood glucose - 150/10 = U. Regular insulin was then given during surgery according to the step II formula (hourly): blood glucose 150-250 mg/dl = 2 U; blood glucose greater than 250 mg/dl = 4 U. Fluid replacement of 5% dextrose with lactated Ringer's solution, 3 ml/kg estimated ideal body weight, was given hourly and additional lactated Ringer's solution was given as indicated. Thirty patients received preoperative (long- or intermediate-acting) insulin and were managed by the two-step protocol. Ten patients received preoperative (long- or intermediate-acting) insulin and were managed by a standard method used in the same institution. Thirty patients did not receive preoperative insulin and were managed by the two-step protocol. All patients underwent retinal surgery under general anesthesia. In comparing the two groups pretreated with insulin, patients treated by the standard method had significantly higher (mean) blood glucose levels (360.2 +/- 100.4 mg/dl) than those treated with the two-step protocol (181.2 +/- 50.8 mg/dl) (P = 0.0001) at the end of surgery. Of the two-step protocol patients, those pretreated with one-half the usual morning dose of long- or intermediate-acting insulin had lower (mean) blood glucose levels (225 +/- 87 mg/dl) than patients not pretreated (310 +/- 130.8 mg/dl) (P = 0.0069) the morning after surgery.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Diabetes Mellitus↗

PubMedDate not supplied

cis-Dichlorodiamminepltinum(II) in adult patients: Southwest Oncology Group Studies.

In addition to cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) studies in lymphomas and testicular cancer and a broader phase II study of all genitourinary malignancies, the Southwest Oncology Group is currently conducting eight other studies which examine the effectiveness of this drug in adult patients with a variety of tumor types. This report will give preliminary analyses of the five studies for which there are early data, plus briefly describe the design of the three remaining protocols for which there are no data as yet.

Adult↗