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Biomedical subjects

D Angel

Publications and source records attributed to D Angel.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

The Scottish Rite abduction orthosis for the treatment of Legg-Perthes disease. A radiographic analysis.

We evaluated a consecutive series of thirty-four patients who had had Legg-Perthes disease to determine the results of treatment with the Scottish Rite weight-bearing abduction orthosis. All patients had been older than six years at the time of the onset of the symptoms, had been in the fragmentation phase of the disease when they were first seen, and had had Catterall group-III or IV involvement. Although comparison of this series with those reported previously is difficult due to the variability of the presentation of data in the literature, this orthosis does not appear to offer an advantage compared with other methods of management, or with no treatment, for patients such as those whom we studied.

Child↗
PubMed1988

A composite hip implant.

Composites are made of two or more different components that combine their properties into a new material. By modifying the type or structure or volume of the components, a theoretically endless number of new materials can be produced and their properties can be altered as desired. A composite hip implant made of carbon fiber and polysulfone is described.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Anatomy of the normal knee as seen by magnetic resonance imaging.

Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to study the normal knee. As well as revealing bone quality, MRI provided useful information on intra-articular and extra-articular soft tissues. Midsagittal views gave clear images of the cruciate ligaments, and of the patellar and quadriceps tendons. Parasagittal views were the best for delineating the menisci which, like ligaments and tendons, are of low intensity; the semimembranosus tendon and its insertion to the proximal tibia were also seen clearly in these views. The cruciate ligaments and menisci, though visible in the coronal view also, were better seen in the sagittal view. Axial views provided information on the structure of the patella, its cartilage, the patellofemoral joint and posterior soft-tissue structures.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Histological response to carbon fibre.

The soft tissue response to carbon fibre was studied histologically one and a half years after being used to reconstruct the lateral collateral ligament of the human knee. A remarkably consistent pattern was seen in the induced ligament. The basic pattern was a "composite unit", consisting of a core of carbon fibre enveloped in a concentric manner by coherent layers of fibroblasts and collagen fibres. This new structure seemed to have been induced by continuous irritation caused by the physical structure of the carbon fibres; it is unlikely ever to acquire the structure of a natural ligament. However, it is biologically compatible and is biomechanically sufficient as long as the entire tow of carbon fibres is preserved.

Carbon↗
PubMed1985

Histologic pattern of biomechanic properties of the carbon fiber-augmented ligament tendon. A laboratory and clinical study.

Implantation of carbon fiber tow (CFT) for ligament and tendon augmentation was investigated in ten dogs and 45 patients. CFT produced a new structure with a remarkably consistent structural pattern. The basic pattern of the CFT-augmented unit consisted of a core of carbon fiber surround by concentric layers of fibroblasts and collagen fibers. This unit structure was developed from continuous irritation of physical structure of the carbon fiber. In dogs, ultimate tensile strength of the augmented tendon one year after surgery averaged 88% of natural tendon. Digestion of the connective tissue component of the CFT unit exposed the original carbon fiber tow. The connective tissue-free CFT maintained its original tensile strength. The continuous production of collagenous tissue surrounding carbon fibers produced a ligamentous structure that was physiologically compatible and biomechanically sufficient.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Echinococcus infections in Colombian animals.

The results of a survey involving more than 4,000 Colombian mammals, carried out to detect Echinococcus infections, are presented. Adult worms were found in 5 of 121 carnivores: E. oligarthrus in 1 of 11 ocelots, 2 of 9 jaguarundi cats and single puma; and E. vogeli in 1 of 15 domestic dogs. Although bush dogs were present, none could be examined. Polycystic larvae were found in 96 of 325 pacas (29.5%) and in 6 of 1,168 (0.5%) spiny rats, Proechimys spp. None of the 118 agouti showed hydatids but an infected heart was provided by hunters. The paca's infection rate increased with age but was not related to sex or geographic region. In 73 of 96 pacas the infection was due to E. vogeli, and the cysts were located in the liver. In 3 it was due to E. oligarthrus and the hydatids were extrahepatic, mainly attached to muscles. In the remaining 20, the species involved could not be determined. The parasites in two of the spiny rats, and in the agouti heart were E. oligarthrus. Although most of the infected animals were collected in the eastern plains, other records and verbal information indicate that, at least in Colombia where man has not exterminated pacas, agoutis, wild canids and felids, one still can find enzootic neotropical Echinococcus infection. The cycle of E. vogeli involves the bush dog and paca as hosts, and that of E. oligarthrus, the paca, agouti, spiny rat, and several species of wild felids.

Animal Population Groups↗
PubMed1981

Mammalian wildlife diseases as hazards to man and livestock in an area of the Llanos Orientales of Colombia.

Development of the LLanos Orientales of Colombia, and access to underdeveloped areas in the Llanos, may create disease hazards to man and domestic animals or introduce exotic pathogens, creating reservoirs of infection for domestic animals and acting as limiting factors on the native wild species. A survey of wild animals common to the Llanos revealed a number of parasites indigenous to the area. A total total of 59 mammalian species, representing eight orders were examined. Haematozoa were represented by Trypanosoma cruzi, T. evansi and T. rangeli. Eight species of ticks were found: Amblyomma cajennense, A. auricularium, A. rotundatum, A. maculatum, A. longirostre, A. pacae, Ixodes luciae and Boophilus microplus. Four species of fleas were found: Rhopalopsyllus lugubris lugubris, R. australis tupinus, R. cacicus saevus and Polygenis klagesi samuelis. A species of Echinococcus was commonly found in Cuniculus paca. Serologic titers and/or isolations of pathogenic viral and bacterial agents generally indicated that the wildlife population had not been exposed to the diseases common to the domestic population. A low prevalence of titers to Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis was found in Cebus apella and Proechimys sp. Neutralizing antibodies to Group B viruses were found in Proechimys sp., Coendor sp. and Nectomys squamipes. Antibodies to Group C viruses were found in Proechimys sp. Serologic titers to Leptospira sejroe and L. tarassovi were found in Proechimys sp. and Didelphis marsupialis. L. tarassovi was isolated from Proechimys sp. Titers to Brucella were not found in 1964 animals. The significance of these findings are discussed.

Animal Diseases↗
PubMed1979

Polycystic echinococcosis in Colombia: the larval cestodes in infected rodents.

Described are the characteristics of the polycystic larval cestodes found in an endemic area of echinococcosis in the Easter Plains of Colombia and the tissue reaction evoked in infected rodents. Of 848 free-ranging animals examined, polycystic hydatids were found in 44/93 Cuniculus paca and 1/369 Proechimys sp. None of 20 Dasyprocta fuliginosa examined was infected, but hunters provided a heart with hydatid cysts and information about two additional animals with infected livers. Recognition of an endemic area of polycystic echinococcosis provides a means to investigate the life cycle of the parasites and to study the histogenesis of the larval cestodes in susceptible laboratory animals.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Vascular damage caused by Cruorifilaria tuberocauda in the capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris).

Infection with Cruorifilaria tuberocauda caused vascular damage in the kidneys, lungs and heart of the capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris). The most significant lesions observed were in the renal and pulmonary arteries. They consisted of villous endarteritis, intimal and medial hypertrophy of the vessel walls, and large rugose protuberances that encroached upon the lumen leading to pyramidal infarcts in the kidneys. Coronary vascular lesions were related to dead and calcified parasites.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Multiple sclerosis: a clinico-biological study of 100 cases in Spain.

A study was carried out on 100 cases with the clinical diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. Several clinical and analytical factors were considered and correlated. Special attention was paid to data obtained from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) electrophoresis. The degree of severity of the disease does not affect the selective evaluation frequency of gamma-globulin or its average values. A greater frequency of definite gamma-globulin increase is observed in patients with a stationary development than in those a progressive development although, in both instances, the average values of gamma-globulin do not show any significant difference. There is no correlation between the CSF data and the presumed clinical site of the lesion. Those patients with a single lesion have a lower incidence of pathological data in CSF than those with multiple lesions. A higher proportion of pathological results is seen in CSF of patients with a chronic evolution from the onset than in chronic-intermittent cases. The cases studied during a relapse show a marked decrease in the frequency of definite gamma-globulin increase and paretic colloidal curves. This group of patients gives lower average values of gamma-globulin, total protein and cells, than those patients examined out of relapse. These results are in agreement with recent immunopathological observations.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1976

The capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) as a reservoir host for Trypanosoma evansi.

Discovery of two ill horses and three dogs naturally infected with Trypanosoma evansi near an experimental station in the Eastern Plains of Colombia led to a search for reservoir hosts of the parasite. Infection was detected in 8/33 healthy capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris), none of the remaining 14 horses, and none of 32 Zebu cattle (Bos indicus), 18 paca (Cuniculus paca) and 20 spiny rats (Proechimys sp.). Contrary to common opinion, the results indicated a carrier state in the capybara. Diagnosis was based on morphology, behaviour in albino rats, and pathogenicity and host range in domestic animals.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ligament and tendon substitution with composite carbon fiber strands.

Carbon fiber strands were used experimentally to substitute for tendons in dogs and clinically to reconstruct tendons and ligaments in human. The investigation was carried out to determine the histologic appearance of the new composite structure and its tensile strength in comparison to the natural structure. The histologic picture disclosed a remarkable structure evolved by continuous irritation of the carbon fibers and consisting of two interrelated components: synthetic carbon fibers and biologic collagenous tissue. This carbon fiber composite structure was composed of long cylindrical units containing concentric layers of collagenous fibers and cells enveloping the core of each carbon fiber. After one year of physiologic use in dogs, the average ultimate tensile strength of the composite structure which replaced the quadriceps and triceps was 372 N, or 88% the strength of the natural tendons. One year after implantation the histologic picture of the composite structure in human showed a relatively dense collagenous architecture. However, a significant proportion of the structure was taken up by histiofibroblasts produced by the irritation of the carbon fibers. Thus, the density of the collagen in the composite structure remained relatively deficient in comparison to the nature tendon, and the structural tensile strength continued to depend entirely on the integrity of the carbon fibers.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Brucellosis: an unusual diagnosis for a seronegative patient with abscesses, osteomyelitis, and ulcerative colitis.

A 16-year-old girl developed multiple subcutaneous abscesses, osteomyelitis, and severe colitis. On the patient's second admission, a single blood culture--and, subsequently, a specimen of pus--yielded Brucella melitensis biovar 1. A second set of serologic tests, including the rose bengal test, the standard tube agglutination test, the CF test, and Coombs' test, were all negative for Brucella on the patient's second admission and 1 month later. However, a lymphocyte proliferation assay with extracted antigen of Brucella was markedly positive. Thus, this case illustrates that patients with B. melitensis infection may have a unique clinical presentation and that the lymphocyte proliferation assay is an important diagnostic tool for patients whose serologic test results are negative but for whom brucellosis is suspected.

Abscess↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The technique for growth plate sparing in soft-tissue sarcoma around the knee.

Amputation in a growing child should be performed through a joint and not above or below a joint, as is commonly the case in an adult. We describe a technique for performing a through-knee amputation in a situation in which a soft-tissue sarcoma involved a leg, reaching up to the knee joint. Soft-tissue dissection was performed above the knee, leaving a safe zone from the tumor. The distal femur was dissected free of all attachments to the tibia and leg, leaving it intact but protruding from the soft-tissue sleeve of the thigh. To be able to close the stump over the protruding distal femur, the femur was shortened in the metaphysodiaphyseal area. Follow-up over 3 years shows a good through-knee stump, tumor free, and a normal distal growth plate.

Amputation, Surgical↗