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Biomedical subjects

D Anthoine

Publications and source records attributed to D Anthoine.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Significance of the level of carcinoembryonic antigen in the alveolar lavage fluid in cancerous and non-cancerous bronchopulmonary pathology].

In a prospective study the level of carcinoembryonic antigen (ACE) were simultaneously measured in plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage liquid (LBA), in fifteen patients suffering from bronchopulmonary cancer and fifteen patients suffering from non-malignant pulmonary disease. In these two groups the level of ACE in LBA liquid (cancer 8,990 +/- 4,050 ng/ml; controls 2,510 +/- 1,060 ng/ml) were clearly more elevated than the corresponding plasma levels (cancer 1,931 +/- 1,760 ng/ml; controls 8.2 +/- 2 ng/ml) and the plasma levels of ACE were more elevated in the cancer group; in the same group the ACE levels in the LBA liquid were more elevated in the tumour group (4,770 +/- 2,180 ng/ml versus 808 +/- 300 ng/ml). This study has also shown the elevated levels of ACE in the LBA liquid in patients suffering from chronic bronchial inflammation (2,510 +/- 1,060 ng/ml) and during the course of acute bacterial pneumonia. The contribution of the ACE level in LBA liquid in relation to the plasma levels in the diagnosis of bronchopulmonary cancer would thus appear to have no clinical value, but the exact relationships between the phenomenon of chronic bronchial inflammation and metaplasia of the bronchial epithelium merit further study.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed1992

[Diseases of the diaphragmatic area. Difficulties of the radiological diagnosis].

Following a reminder of anatomy, the semiology of standard radiology and modern imaging methods is described. The authors then deal with the phrenic-supraphrenic thoracic pathologies (air and liquid effusions, neighbourhood atelectasis, etc.) and with the phrenic-infraphrenic pathologies (transdiaphragmatic hernias, hepatic pathology, subphrenic abscess and pleural effusions). In each of these chapters, the often complex elements of standard radiology and modern imaging methods are detailed.

Diaphragm↗
PubMed1990

[Chemoprophylaxis of tuberculosis].

Chemoprophylaxis of tuberculosis may be primary or secondary. Primary chemoprophylaxis is intended for infants and children with negative tuberculin tests and exposed to contagion, in order to avoid primary tuberculosis. It lasts for three months and consists of oral isoniazide in one single daily dose of 5 to 10 mg/kg. Secondary chemoprophylaxis applies to all subjects, but principally to children, with a tuberculin test that has recently become positive in the absence of BCG vaccination. Its purpose is to protect against clinical tuberculosis. It lasts for six months and consists of isoniazid combined with rifampicin.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Current indications for thoracic imaging].

The authors present all the chest imaging techniques that are currently available to pneumologists and detail their indications and advantages. They suggest that in each major chest disease clinicians should use the technique that is most useful to the diagnosis and least costly, thereby avoiding overlaps of expensive techniques.

Bronchography↗
PubMed1990

[Diagnostic pitfalls, artefacts and difficulties of thoracic radiography].

The antero-posterior X-ray film of the chest is still a basic examination in everyday clinical practice. It supplies multiple data but reading of the image is difficult and requires much accuracy and method. In this review paper we examine all the artefacts, pitfalls and diagnostic problems we have encountered in many years of experience, irrespective of their cause (technical, iatrogenic) or origin (parietal, intrathoracic, pleural, vascular, gastrointestinal, mediastinal, pulmonary). We consider that all pneumologists should have in mind these problems when faced with doubtful or abnormal radiographs of the chest.

Aorta, Thoracic↗
PubMed1989

[BCG].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

BCG Vaccine↗
PubMed1986

[Surgery of microcellular bronchial cancer: retrospective multicenter study apropos of 110 cases].

The results of a multicentric retrospective study of 110 cases of small cell bronchial cancer are reported. In 57 of these patients the histological diagnosis was unknown before surgery. Among the remaining 53 patients, 22 were operated upon immediately and 31 after chemo-and/or radiotherapy (12 full responders, 10 partial responders, 5 no change and 4 in relapse). Operative data were as follows: 100 excisions and 10 exploratory thoracotomies; 19 perioperative complications, including 12 deaths; excision considered complete in 78 cases; pericardial involvement in 14 cases; invasion of the hilar lymph nodes in 57 cases, of the mediastinal lymph nodes in 39 cases; positive bronchial section in 16 cases. Overall median survival was 13.8 months for all patients and 18.3 months (perioperative deaths excluded) for patients whose tumour had been excised. At the moment, 46 patients have relapsed with recurrence at the initial site of malignancy alone in 6 cases (13%) and both at this site and at one or several metastatic sites in 10 cases (21.7%). Nineteen patients have survived for more than 2 years. An analysis of the subgroups in this population showed that the longest survivals were obtained in patients who had undergone preoperative chemotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Double-blind study of Biostim in the prevention of superinfection in patients with chronic bronchopathy].

In a multicenter trial conducted with patients suffering from chronic bronchopathy, Biostim, an immunomodulating compound of biological origin has been studied using the double-blind placebo-controlled method for prevention of respiratory tract infections. One hundred and ten patients from 10 french pneumology health centers entered the study. The treatment was administered at random in three sequences of 8 days a month for 3 months (2 mg/day the first month, 1 mg/day the second and third months). Patients were separated into 2 groups regarding severity of the disease: group I (non complicated chronic bronchitis); group II (obstructive chronic bronchitis with or without respiratory failure). Patients were examined during 6 months with a monthly appraisal of number, duration and treatment clinically defined infectious episodes. The study of propensity to infections with respect to severity of the disease in patients given placebo showed a significantly lower number of infectious episodes in group I when compared to group II. In the group I (patients suffering from simple chronic bronchitis), no significant difference could be noted between placebo and Biostim but, at all events, the low frequency of episodes makes it difficult to evidence a protective effect in such a group. In contrast, with patients presenting a high infectious risk (group II), one can observe in Biostim treated patients compared with placebo group a significant decrease of infectious episodes and a larger number of patients standing free of episodes throughout the whole period of trial. Tolerance to Biostim has revealed itself satisfactory.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1975

[A case of parieto-pulmonary acquired shunt presenting with hemoptysis (author's transl)].

The authors report the case of a 52 year old man with arteriovenous shunt developing from the 7th left intercostal artery, revealed by hemoptysis and proved by intercostal selective arteriography. The patient had a past history of serofibrinous pleurity 29 years previously and had undergone paracentesis at this level. The origin of this shunt is then discussed.

Angiography↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Applications of a simple system of aid to medical decision-making with various patients in internal medicine: SELF].

Many medical decision helping systems are very complex and require expensive computers, which restricts their diffusion and limits their use to specialized people. The idea was to find a simplified system that any practitioner--even unaccustomed to microcomputing--would be able to use. Moreover, this system had to work on widely available and inexpensive microcomputers. SELF (system in fuzzy set) is this kind of system. It has been devised as a complete interactive system of medical decision help. It is entirely parameterized, allows any kind of application and works according to such rules as "if there is premise, then there is conclusion", tempered by a coefficient. The bases of knowledge are represented on a correspondence chart where columns materialize the premises (clinical signs, laboratory results, etc.) and horizontal lines all the diagnoses and therapeutic conclusions. The system includes proceedings that create, modify and update basic knowledge. It uses the fuzzy set rules to draw conclusions. SELF was first applied to the prescription of contraceptive methods, but it has now been tested in other specialties, such as gynaecology, pneumology, haematology and so forth. In every case, the reliability of the results obtained depends on the bases chosen by the creator himself. Owing to the general character of the system, one may regard it as being open to any user who would like to create his own applications.

Decision Making, Computer-Assisted↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Should the lung cancer of iron-miners in Lorraine be considered an occupational disease? (author's transl)].

The occupational group composed of the iron-miners working at the bottom of the mines in Lorraine makes up a high risk population for lung cancer (The carcinogenic index is 5 to 12 times as high as that of the population of non-miners). The authors report a new series of 270 cases in support of this assertion. The cancers have few particular characteristics. Their genesis appears to be related with the action of many co-factors: tobacco, various gases and noxious dust, iron particles. Our findings are similar to those of the Swedish, British and Russian authors. The occupation of iron-miner at the bottom of the mine appears then to favorize the manifestation of lung cancer. So it would be fair to consider this tumor an occupational disease, as with asbestosis.

Adult↗