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D Arnaudov

Publications and source records attributed to D Arnaudov.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Non-invasive measurement of cardiac output during coronary artery bypass grafting.

OBJECTIVE: A new device, using whole body bioresistance measurements and a new equation for calculating stroke volume has been developed. Using this equation, an attempt was made to correlate whole body bioresistance cardiac output with thermodilution cardiac output in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. METHODS: Thirty-one adults undergoing elective coronary artery bypass grafting were studied prospectively. Simultaneous paired cardiac output measurements by whole body bioresistance and thermodilution were made at five time points during coronary artery bypass grafting: in anesthetized patients before incision (T1), after sternotomy (T2), after opening the pericardium (T3), ten min post bypass (T4), and in the intensive care unit (T5). The patients had a mean of three thermodilution cardiac outputs compared with a mean of three bioimpedance measurements at each time point. The bias and precision between the methods were calculated. RESULTS: There was good correlation between bioresistance cardiac output (nCO) and thermodilution cardiac output (ThCO) measurements in both groups for all recorded times. The patients' mean ThCO and nCO, as well as bias and precision between methods were calculated. Mean ThCO ranged between 4.14 and 5.06 l/min; mean nCO ranged between 4.12 and 4.97 l/ min. Bias calculations ranged between -0.072 and 0.104 l/min. Precision (2 SD) calculations ranged between 0.873 and 1.228 l/min for 95% confidence intervals. Pearson's correlation ranged from 0.919 to 0.938. CONCLUSIONS: Cardiac output measured with the new device correlates well with the thermodilution measurements of cardiac output during and immediately following coronary artery bypass grafting. The overall agreement between the two methods was good. The new device is an accurate non-invasive method of measuring cardiac output during coronary artery bypass grafting.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Effect of systemic vasodilators on internal mammary flow during coronary bypass grafting.

BACKGROUND: The effect of vasodilators on acute flow in the internal mammary (IMA) is unclear. Topical vasodilators show no effect on acute flow when the distal segment of the IMA is resected. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of systemic vasodilators when this segment is resected. METHODS: We studied 60 patients with proximal anterior descending coronary artery lesions in whom the left IMA was harvested for grafting to the left anterior descending coronary artery. The patients were divided into six groups (n = 10), based on which of the following agents were studied: normal saline solution, nitroglycerin, nitroprusside, dobutamine, dopexamine, and amrinone. After harvesting, the IMA was trimmed as proximally as possible (and at least 3 cm proximal to the bifurcation), and free flow was measured before any pharmacologic intervention (flow 1). Systemic infusion of one of the six agents commenced. A mean of 17 +/- 3.4 minutes after infusion began, with a comparable cardiac index, a second measurement of IMA flow was taken (flow 2). Hemodynamic measurements for each flow, including blood pressure, heart rate, and cardiac output, were taken. RESULTS: A significant increase in IMA flow was noted for those patients receiving nitroglycerin (93.5 versus 106.8 mL/min; p = 0.025), and a significant decrease in flow was noted for those receiving nitroprusside (91.0 versus 78.2 mL/min; p = 0.042). The effects remained significant when corrected for cardiac index and compared with the normal saline solution group. No other systemic agents tested significantly affected the IMA flow (dobutamine, 83.8 versus 85.0 mL/min; dopexamine, 101.8 versus 91.4 mL/min; amrinone, 75.4 versus 79 mL/min; normal saline solution, 85.8 versus 84.6 mL/min). CONCLUSIONS: Resection of the distal segment of the IMA and the use of intravenous nitroglycerin optimizes the flow in IMA grafts.

Amrinone↗
PubMed1989

[Central hemodynamics and kidney function in women with pre-eclampsia].

A radionuclide method with quickly disintegrating 99MTC labelled human albumin and DTPA in a volume of 0.3-0.5 ml and activity of 37 mVk with two consecutive examinations of central and renal hemodynamics was used in 91 pregnant women with preeclampsia and pyelonephritis. Marked hypovolemia was found in all groups of investigated women with preeclampsia with the exception of the group of women with pyelonephritis. There was also difference in arterial pressure in women with preeclampsia I degree and pyelonephritis, which was statistically significant with advancement of gravity and duration of the disease. The investigation of the functional state of kidneys and blood flow showed a tendency to slowing both in the arterial and venous circulation in women with pre-eclampsia of pregnancy. In the pregnant women of this group and the women with pyelonephritis there was asymmetry in the curves of the blood flow as well as in the temporary indices of renal filtration, which were increases two-folds in comparison with the normal values. They were mostly manifested on the side of the involvement in women with pyelonephritis. Irradiation loading was 0.212 mZv of both examinations and was ten times less than that of x-ray pelvimetry.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[An analysis of the correlation between the indices of uterine-placental blood flow and the blood enzymes in pregnant women with high perinatal risk].

The purpose of the present study was to analyse correlation interactions between parameters of uterine-placental blood flow (UPF) and some enzymes of blood of 77 pregnant women with high risk of perinatal pathology, divided into 4 groups. Eleven correlation connections between parameters of blood flow and enzymes of blood were found in the first group of pregnant women without disturbance in UPF. In the pregnant women with a reduction in blood flow in the region of the large uterine-placental vessels there was dissociation of a large part of the aforementioned correlation connections as only 4 ware preserved (26.67%). New correlation connections occurred between oxytocinase and parameters of UPF. We found dissociation of all correlation connections between parameters of UPF and blood enzymes in the third group of pregnant women with a reduction of UPF in the whole uterine-placental blood flow. New correlation connections between alkaline and thermostable phosphatase in parameters of UPF were formed. Ten out of eleven correlation connections dissociated in the four group of pregnant women with a reduction of UPF only in the intervillous space. New correlation connections were formed between parameters of UPF and hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase and lactate dehydrogenase. Having in mind the performed analysis of correlation interconnections between parameters of UPF and some blood enzymes we could assume that activation of various enzymic systems, forming links of adaptation-compensatory mechanisms of the placental system, occurs in the development of placental insufficiency.

Clinical Enzyme Tests↗
PubMed1989

[Interrelation between the enzyme activity indices and the status of the uterine-placental blood flow in pregnant women at high risk for perinatal pathology].

The aim of the present study was to examine metabolic processes in pregnant women with high risk of perinatal pathology during disturbance in the uterine-placental blood flow (UPF). We determined the following parameters for evaluation of the metabolic disturbances: alanine aminotransferase, hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, creatine phosphokinase, alkaline phosphatase, thermostable alkaline phosphatase, oxytocinase and lipid peroxidation. The analysis of the obtained data showed that reduction in UPF, limited only in the region of the large uterine-placental blood vessels, was accompanied by a reduction in the activity of HBDH, LDG, CPC, but moderate increase in the whole uterine-placental blood bed was accompanied by the intravillous space, was accompanied by a moderate increase in HBDH, ADG, CPC and AP in comparison with pregnant women without disturbance in UPF, which however occurred in smaller activity of these enzymes both in disturbance in blood flow of intervillous space and in the region of the large uterine-placental blood vessels. These changes as a whole characterized borderline state of energetic metabolism in the organism of the pregnant woman, which in the final analysis assured comparatively favourable outcome of the pregnancy for the fetus.

Abortion, Threatened↗
PubMed1987

[A rare case of Sarcocystis encephalitis in a sheep].

Microbiologic, serologic, and fecal investigations were carried out with a flock of sheep to explore the spontaneous setting in of a disease with nervous signs in a sheep. The animal was forced to be slaughtered, and portions of the viscera and the brain were studied histopathologically. The presence of toxoplasmosis was ruled out via investigations of blood sera taken from weaned lambs and from ewes that had miscarried in the same flock, employing the microprecipitation test in agar gel after Hubner and Uhliková. The microbiologic studies did not reveal any infection of contagious character, and routine parasitologic studies ruled out the presence of Coenurus cerebralis and of Oestrus ovis larvae. Studies of the brain of a sheep revealed the presence of sarcocysts in the hemispheres, with changes characteristic of nonsuppurative encephalitis.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Mixed coli-rotavirus and Cryptosporidium infection in newborn piglets].

Complex morphologic, parasitologic, virologic, and bacteriologic studies on pigs and fecal samples from pigs were carried out on a farm where an enteritis infection in newborn pigs was recorded. A mixed coli-rotavirus and cryptosporidium infection was established in 10--20-day-old pigs of the Camborough hybrid with a clinically manifested enteritis syndrome. Morphologically, the cryptosporidium component of the infection substantiated atrophic and dystrophic changes in the intestinal epithelium. Developmental forms of the parasite were also found in the border wall of the enterocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Differential pathomorphological diagnosis of Q fever and Chlamydia and Toxoplasma abortions in sheep].

Morphologic differential diagnostic investigations were carried out with a total of 134 aborted sheep fetuses. The studies were coupled by the examination of 665 blood serum samples from sheep that were pregnant or had miscarried. Parallel bacteriologic studies were also carried out. Positive serologic results were obtained in 43.74 per cent of the cases (toxoplasmosis), 20.2% (chlamydial infection), and 14.4% (Q-fever). Gross lesions were found in 64 fetuses (toxoplasmosis), 18 (Q-fever), and 35 (chlamydial infection). Histologically, diagnostic value in chlamydial abortions had the lympho-histiocytic proliferations in the liver, adrenals, and kidneys. The mesenterial lymph nodes presented diffuse reticuloendothelial hyperplasia with gigantic cells of Langhans type. Microscopically, in the case of Q-fever the aborted fetuses showed lympho- histiocytic proliferations and nonreactive micronecroses in the liver, adrenals, lymph nodes, and kidneys; nonpurulent meningoencephalitis was also found. The histopathologic picture seen in the aborted fetuses in the case of toxoplasmic abortion presented characteristic diffuse glial proliferation, and glial nodes and necroses in the white matter of the cerebrum and the cerebellum. In the liver, kidneys, adrenals, and lymph nodes there were focal lymphoid-cell proliferations and micronecroses. Macroscopically, the fetal placenta showed pathognomonic gray-whitish nodules; histologically, in such cases there were pseudo-cysts and vast deposits of calcium salts.

Abortion, Veterinary↗
PubMed1987

[Pathomorphological changes in the small intestine of pigs with rotavirus diarrhea].

Studied were the pathohistological changes and the morphologic-structural injuries of intestinal mucosa of pigs (5-7 days old), spontaneously affected with rotavirus diarrhea, raised by traditional methods. Simultaneously with the rotavirus invasion was established Isospora suis. In spite of the early time of the disorder (the test was carried out 24 hours after the appearance of the first clinical symptoms) there were established different in degree and expression morphologic changes; atrophy and fusion of the fibrils, replacement of the cylindrical epithelium with cubic, dystrophy and exfoliation of the enterocytes with exposure of the lamina propria. The burden of the dystrophic processes, which has affected the intestinal mycosis, was registered by scanning electronic microscopy. The dystrophic processes start at the top of the intestinal fibrils, the fusion of the fibrils spreads over a big number of them, forming a conglomerate mass. Simultaneously with the fibrils, affected by dystrophy, were observed fibrils with normal shape and size. During immunofluorescent examinations also is observed focal distribution of enterocytes, containing antigen on some of the fibrils. Now is discussed the importance of the pathogenic microflora, in the intestinal track of pigs, raised by traditional methods, for the early appearance and for the burden of the morphologic-structural changes.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Etiopathogenesis and epizootiology of coccidiosis in rabbits].

Studies were carried out on the etiology and epizootiology of rabbit coccidiosis. Three experimental groups of rabbits were infected with intestinal, liver, and mixed intestinal and liver coccidia. The shedding of oocysts and the clinical course of the disease were followed up, with description of the morphologic changes and the results of the biochemical examinations of the blood. A total of eight species of coccidia were established in all cases--Eimeria magna, E. intestinalis, E. piriformis, E. media, E. exigua, E. irresidua, E. perforans, and E. stidae. Predominating were E. magna, E. perforans, and E. irresidua. Results showed that all age groups of rabbits were susceptible to the coccidial infection, mostly the weaned bunnies and young ones aged 2-3 months. It is admitted that under the present conditions of this country's rabbit raising coccidiosis is a disease of a seasonal character. Biochemical investigations of blood taken from experimentally infected rabbits revealed that the changes in the activity of GOT and alkaline phosphatase and in the amount of bilirubin were most pronounced.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Immunobiological and antigenic studies of Babesia ovis strains in Bulgaria].

A comparative study was carried out on the immunologic and antigenic properties of 8 strains of Babesia ovis isolated in 5 districts of the country. The immunologic capacity was tested through challenging with each of the strains in group of 4 weaned lambs that were preliminary vaccinated with one of the strains - Veliko Turnovo. Two nonvaccinated animals were included in each group, serving as controls. The strength of immunity was checked by both the temperature and the parasitic reaction as well as through the hematocrit and hemoglobin levels of the challenged lambs. With the exception of one spleen - ectomized animal in each group the vaccinated weaned lambs showed solid immunity against both the homogeneous and heterologic strains. The same result was confirmed also with an analogous biologic experiment with a total of 19870 sheep in 28 enzootic foci in the same 5 districts and in 2 other districts of the country. Cross serologic investigations by means of the complement - fixation test, the agar gel precipitation reaction and IRPA with homologous and heterologous antisera revealed identic or close antigenic properties in the tested strains. In is concluded that the Veliko Turnovo strain can be used to prepare a vaccine for the immunoprophylaxis of babesiasis in sheep in the investigated districts. In is also stated that the serologic reactions, and, more specifically, IRPA can be employed in the antigenic study and differentiation of individual Babesia ovis strains.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Comparative studies of the virulent and immunogenic properties of the Toxoplasma strains isolated from domestic animals].

Comparative investigations were carried out on the virulent and immunogenic properties of 5 cytogenic Toxoplasma strains (3 isolated from rabbits and 2--from fetuses of ewes that had miscarried). It was found that at shortening the interval of passage to 7--10 days and increasing the amount of the inoculate the virulence of the strains rose. Particularly virulent for albino mice proved the oocysts of T. gondii obtained after the feeding of kittens with cysts. The role was confirmed of Toxoplasma organisms in the etiology of abortions observed in experimentally infected guinea pigs and sheep. There were in the placenta and the brain of aborted fetuses characteristic histopathologic changes. Immunologic studies revealed that the isolated strains were immunologically identical.

Abortion, Veterinary↗
PubMed1977

[Immunologic and epizootologic studies of toxoplasmosis in sheep].

A total of 698 blood serum samples from sheep in various regions of the People's Republic of Bulgaria were examined throught the indirect hemaglutination micromethod. Two-hundred and seventeen proved positive for toxoplasmosis. Those of the samples that were taken from ewes that had miscarried and reacted positively were considerably more--43.3 per cent--than those that were taken from ewes with normal lambing and reacted positively--21 percent. Besides, toxoplasmosis was shown to be more widely spread among sheep in the mountainous regions (40.3 per cent) than in sheep from the plain regions (18.3 per cen). Four cystogenic strains of Toxoplasma were isolated from fetuses of nine ewes that had miscarried. Out of 493 sheep investigated in Czechoslovakia 33.3 per cent were positive by the indirect hemagglutination reaction, 29.7 per cent were positive by the indirect fluorescence reaction (RIF), and 11.6 per cent were positive by thr microprecipitation agar gel reaction (MPA). States is the epizootiologic and economic importance of the problem.

Abortion, Veterinary↗
PubMed1977

[Species and seasonal dynamics of the ixodid ticks in Smolyan Province].

Investigations have been carried out in the course of three years into the occurrence, species composition, and seasonal dynamics of the Ixodes ticks in the district of Smolyan. A total of six species were established: Hyalomma plumbeum (Panzer), Dermatocentor marginatus (Sulz.), Haem. sulcata (Can et. Fanz.), Haem. punctata (Can. et Fanz.), Rh. bursa (Can. et Fanz.), and Ix. ricinus (L.). It was concluded that the spread and seasonal dynamics of the Ixodes ticks in Smolyan district were directly dependent on the climate, geographic conditions, and altitude.

Animals↗