Meconium aspiration syndrome--treatment of the clinical problem.
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Biomedical subjects
D B Klain
Publications and source records attributed to D B Klain.
Carbon monoxide diffusing capacity in newborn infants.
In order to test the role of diffusing capacity in determining the arterial oxygen tension of newborn infants, pulmonary diffusing capacity for carbonmonoxide (DLCO) was measured in 21 healthy infants ranging in weight from 765 to 4,720 g. DLCO infants without respiratory distress correlated well with lung volume (r=0.76, P less than 0.001). A smaller correlation (r = 0.39, P less than 0.01) was obtained between DLCO and arterial oxygen tension. DLCO per unit volume of lung is similar when healthy premature infants, full term infants, and normal adults are compared. The wide range of normal values obtained in resting infants and the lack of correlation with arterial oxygen tensions are similar to observations made in adults.
Birth Weight↗
Chronic pulmonary insufficiency of prematurity (CPIP).
This report describes a syndrome of delayed respiratory distress occurring in premature infants usually under 1,250 gm at birth. Unlike hyaline membrane disease, this syndrome occurs after four to seven days in a previously healthy infant; also unlike hyaline membrane disease, it persists for two to four weeks. Chronic pulmonary insufficiency of prematurity (CPIP) carries a 10% to 20% mortality rate. The infants are frequently apneic, require supplemental oxygen, but lack the radiologic findings of hyaline membrane disease or bronchopulmonary dysplasia. When compared with nondistressed infants of similar birthweight, infants with CPIP demonstrate slowly progressive atelectasis, hypoxemia, and hypercapnia. Recovery is usually complete by 60 days of age. The importance of CPIP is that an awareness of its existence can eliminate a false sense of security, often communicated to anxious parents, during the four-to-seven-day grace period before its appearance is clinically obvious. The physiologic similarities between CPIP and hyaline membrane disease suggest that lack of surfactant may play a role in the pathogenesis of CPIP.
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