Immunosuppression and intracellular calcium signaling in splenocytes from chicks infected with chicken anemia virus, CL-1 isolate.
Hematocrits, histopathology, concanavalin A-induced lymphocyte proliferation, intracellular calcium signaling, and lymphocyte subpopulations were analyzed over a 6-week period in individual chicks inoculated with the CL-1 isolate of chicken anemia virus. Lymphoid depletion/atrophy was present in the thymus and bone marrow by 11 days post-infection (PI). Anemia was present at 14 days PI. The mean lymphocyte proliferation stimulation index (SI) of the inoculated group was significantly lower than that of the control group at 11 days PI. This response was reversed at 18 days PI, when the SI of the inoculated group was significantly higher than that of the controls; values subsequently returned to baseline. The increase in intracellular calcium levels in CAV-infected chicks and controls paralleled the proliferative response. Percentages of CD3-, CD4-, CD8-, and natural-killer-positive-staining cells decreased significantly at 18 and 25 days PI. The most dramatic decrease occurred in the CD8-positive-staining cell population at 18 and 25 days PI.