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Biomedical subjects

D Bachman

Publications and source records attributed to D Bachman.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Airbag injuries in infants and children: a case report and review of the literature.

Airbags have saved an estimated 2620 lives as of November 1997. However, airbags also have caused a number of injuries and deaths and have received a lot of publicity from the NHTSA and the media as a result. The majority of the injuries have occurred when seat belts and shoulder harnesses were not used properly in conjunction with airbags. This article describes an injury that apparently occurred despite use of an age-appropriate, state-of-the-art child protection seat.

Air Bags↗
PubMed1997

Hypomagnesemia.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1993

Behavioral Intensive Care Unit (BICU): a new concept in the management of acute agitated behavior in elderly demented patients.

Intensive care units were developed in response to the perceived need for increased monitoring in critically ill medical patients. The same principle applies to elderly patients with severe agitated behaviors. These patients can be served by the Geriatric Behavioral Intensive Care Unit (BICU). The uniqueness of the program results from the application of a behavioral and environmental approach to the treatment of agitated behavior. The underlying strategy in the treatment process is to enhance the patient's ability to adapt to his or her home environment. Preliminary results have been encouraging, showing positive outcomes in diverse areas such as low level of institutional placement, patient quality of life, and caregiver symptoms of burden and depression.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Utility of serum interleukin-6 for diagnosis of invasive bacterial disease in children.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To evaluate measurement of interleukin-6 as a diagnostic test for the presence and severity of invasive bacterial disease. DESIGN: Prospective measurement of interleukin-6 in children with signs of sepsis. (Controls, retrospective from serum bank.) SETTING: Emergency department of an urban children's hospital. PARTICIPANTS: Twenty children with clinical signs of sepsis and 50 other febrile infants and toddlers with negative blood cultures. RESULTS: Eleven of the 20 patients had bacteriologically documented infections: four with meningitis and two with bacteremia caused by Neisseria meningitidis, three with meningitis caused by Haemophilus influenzae type b, and one each with meningitis and bacteremia caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae. Ten of these 11 had detectable interleukin-6. The geometric mean interleukin-6 level in these culture-positive patients was 407 pg/mL (95% confidence interval, 108 to 1,545); all three children with levels of more than 300 pg/mL developed septic shock, and one died. One of nine culture-negative patients with clinical signs of sepsis had detectable serum interleukin-6 (166 pg/mL), but none of 50 other febrile children without occult bacteremia did. The detection of interleukin-6 had a sensitivity of 91% and a specificity of 98% for invasive bacterial disease. CONCLUSION: High levels of interleukin-6 occur in children with septic shock, and the presence of interleukin-6 in serum is predictive for the isolation of bacteria from blood and/or spinal fluid.

Bacteremia↗
PubMed1990

Arterial access in the pediatric emergency department.

Arterial catheters are used frequently to monitor critically ill children in ICUs, but their role in the emergency department has not been described. The medical records of all patients admitted to the ICU from the ED of a children's hospital during a 30-month period were reviewed retrospectively. Forty-one patients were identified as having arterial catheters placed in the ED. Catheterization was performed for serial blood gas determinations (59%) or continuous blood pressure monitoring (41%). The radial artery was catheterized in 73% of the 41 patients, and a 22-gauge catheter was used in 78% of the patients. The original catheter was discontinued before the end of medical indication in only 24% of cases--17% were discontinued for failure to draw and 7% for vascular changes at the site of the catheter. We conclude that arterial access can be used for children in the ED to monitor blood pressure and that blood gas tensions and complications are few and generally minor.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Effect of bacille Calmette-Guerin immunotherapy on feline sarcoma virus-induced neoplasms in the cat.

Kittens infected experimentally with feline sarcoma virus (FeSV) were inoculated with emulsions of bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) cell wall preparations to determine the effect of BCG immunotherapy on FeSV-induced sarcoma-genesis. The BCG preparations or emulsificant control preparations were administered (i) subcutaneously at the same time and site as was the FeSV inoculation, (ii) at the same site but 1 week after FeSV inoculation, or (iii) with a mixture of viable autochthonous neoplastic cells approximately 35 days after FeSV inoculation. There was no difference in the percentage of kittens that developed neoplasms, the prepatent period for neoplastic development, the percentage of kittens with neoplastic regression, or the survival rate among groups given BCG, emulsificant control, or FeSV alone. Significantly (P less than 0.05) greater dissemination of neoplasms was seen in groups given BCG or emulsificant control preparations, compared with dissemination in groups given FeSV alone.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Neurofibromatosis in monozygotic twins: a case report of spontaneous mutation.

We report female monozygotic twins with neurofibromatosis. The family history is unremarkable, and careful examination of other family members did not show evidence of the condition. It is concluded that the occurrence in this family is due to a spontaneous mutation arising in one of the parental gametes. This article examines the similarity and difference in manifestations of the disorder in this pair of monozygotic twins.

Cranial Nerve Neoplasms↗
PubMed1980

Fatal infantile mitochondrial myopathy and renal dysfunction due to cytochrome-c-oxidase deficiency.

A 1-month-old boy was admitted because of failure to thrive. He was floppy and had bilateral ptosis, diminished reflexes, and poor suck. He had aspiration pneumonia, developed seizures, and died at age 3 1/2 months. Laboratory data showed lactic acidosis, proteinuria, glycosuria and generalized aminoaciduria. He was an only child, and family history was negative. Muscle biopsy showed large clumps of granules positive with oxidative enzyme stains and increased lipid droplets. Ultrastructural studies showed large aggregates of mitochondria, many of which were greatly enlarged and contained disoriented or concentric whorls of cristae and paracrystalline inclusions. Cytochrome c oxidase was absent in fresh frozen sections by histochemical staining. By biochemical assay, cytochrome c oxidase (cytochrome aa3) was 6% of normal in muscle biopsy and undetectable in autopsy muscle; spectra and content of cytochromes showed lack of cytochrome aa3, decreased cytochrome b and normal cytochrome cc1. In kidney, cytochrome-c-oxidase activity was 38% of normal and spectra showed decreased cytochromes aa3 and b. The association of fatal infantile mitochondrial myopathy, lactic acidosis and renal dysfunction was previously reported by Van Biervliet et al and appears to be a distinct nosologic entity, one of the few biochemically defined mitochondrial myopathies.

Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase↗
PubMed1976

Pulmonary metastases from benign-appearing smooth muscle tumors of the uterus.

A 42-year-old woman was found to have multiple pulmonary nodules 7 years after hysterectomy for leiomyoma. Thoracotomy revealed multiple well differentiated smooth muscle masses containing epithelial inclusions. This patient is similar to others previously reported as examples of "multiple pulmonary fibroleiomyomatous hamartoma" on the basis of slow-growth, benign-appearing histology, and the presence of epithelial elements. Evidence is presented which suggests that these cases represent metastasis from well differentiated leiomyosarcomas. There is a frequent association with uterine smooth-muscle tumor, cases with equally benign-appearing histology have shown lymph node metastasis, the nonmesenchymal elements have been shown to represent engulphed bits of adjacent pulmonary tissue, and the histologic di-ferentiation of benign from malignant mesenchymal tumors is known to be unreliable in some cases. Unlike more anaplastic leiomyosarcomas, this condition may be associated with few symptoms and prolonged survival despite widespread disease.

Adult↗