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Biomedical subjects

D Baumgartner

Publications and source records attributed to D Baumgartner.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Catheter-related complications during continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD): a retrospective study on sixty-two double-cuff Tenckhoff catheters.

From May 1980 to April 1985, a total of 62 double-cuff Tenckhoff catheters were surgically implanted in 54 patients through a low medial laparotomy. The follow-up on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis accounted for 1,029 patient-monthly. The patients who used a detachable double-bag system developed a total of four exit-site infections, one tunnel infection, three outer cuff erosions, four catheter dislocations, and two dialysate leaks. In five patients, the catheter had to be removed (one exit-site infection, two catheter breaks, and two catheter dislocations). Cumulative catheter survival using the method of life-time analysis was 81% and 70% after 1 and 2 years, respectively, considering all catheters implanted, and 92% and 92%, respectively, when peritonitis-related removal was excluded.

Catheterization↗
PubMed1986

[Effect of the choice of recipient, surgical technic and logistics on the Zurich results of pancreas transplantation].

Simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplantation was applied to 22 type-I diabetics with diabetic nephropathy and other secondary complications, between July 1st, 1980 and November 30th, 1985. Four pancreas transplants, at present, are functional 56, 25, 15, and twelve months from transplantation. Six transplants lost their function within one and a half to 61 months from transplantation. The transplanted kidneys were immunologically rejected in four of these six cases. Four patients died with functioning transplants between 36 hours and eight months from transplantation. Three of them died of cardiac secondary sequels of their primary disease. In nine cases, pancreas transplants lost function within one month from transplantation without affecting functions of simultaneously transplanted kidneys. Most of the functional failures of transplants had been caused by ischaemic damage and postoperative vascular thrombosis. Complications from the exocrine pancreas were eliminated or avoided by postponement of percutaneous duct occlusion, using prolamine. The results reported in this paper show that for juvenile diabetics with nephropathy and ophthalmopathy simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplantation is the method of choice, whereas the course of the disease in patients with advanced secondary complications, such as severe angiopathy and gastropathy, could not be decisively improved by pancreas transplantation.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Endoscopic division of an obstructive intraluminal duodenal diverticulum].

Intraluminal duodenal diverticula are rare malformations which usually are noted first in adulthood. High intestinal obstruction predominates the clinical picture. Surgical resection of the diverticulum is the treatment of choice. In a 52-year-old woman it was possible to split the intraluminal obstruction along its whole length by endoscopic means. This method would seem to present a possible alternative to surgical intervention.

Diverticulum↗
PubMed1985

[Further developments in pancreatic islet transplantation I. Induction of selective morphological changes in the exocrine pancreas].

For pancreatic islet transplantation to become clinically applicable, chemical agents are needed which cause selective morphological alterations in the exocrine part of the organ within a few hours after application. DL-ethionine (Aet), cerulein (Cd), seleno-DL-methionine (SeMet) and seleno-DL-ethionine (SeAet) were given to rats during various time periods. At 4 h after i.p. injection, 40 mg/kg SeMet caused the greatest selective morphological alterations in the exocrine pancreas. Acinar structure disappeared, the exocrine cells were abnormal and their nuclei had various dimensions and forms. There were, however, no alterations in the islet cells. At this time, neither Aet, Cd, nor SeAet produced similar changes. SeMet was the most toxic substance and was taken up in the shortest time and in the greatest amount. This selective destructive SeMet effect allows better isolation of the islets from exocrine tissue thereby increasing islet yield and decreasing transplantation volume. Better islet purification may prevent an early rejection.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Antegrade pyelography, percutaneous nephrostomy and ureteral perfusion (Whitaker test) for the renal transplant recipient.

Ureteral obstruction is a serious complication in renal transplant recipients. The diagnosis may be difficult with standard methods of investigation, and definite treatment may, therefore, be delayed. This paper describes the indications, the technique, and the experience with antegrade pyelography, ureteral perfusion and percutaneous drainage in 18 patients with suspected urinary obstruction. Though invasive, these methods proved to be a safe, fast and accurate means for evaluating the location and significance of ureteral obstruction. For initial treatment in obstruction, percutaneous nephrostomy is the method of choice. Surgery should be delayed until recovery of renal function with decreasing serum creatinine is demonstrated. Patients with persistent or rising serum creatinine (greater than 250 mumol./l.) did not benefit from surgical relief of obstruction.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Growth, zinc and copper nutritional status of male premature infants with different zinc intake.

Zinc is an essential nutrient for growth and low intake can result in growth retardation. However, high zinc intake can affect copper metabolism. Therefore, data from a study of 10 male premature infants fed a cow's milk-based formula nonfortified with zinc (mean +/- SD = 1.4 +/- 0.1 mg X l-1) were compared with data of 10 similar infants fed the same formula fortified with zinc (4.1 +/- 0.3 mg X l-1). Growth, food intake, zinc and copper nutritional status were studied from 6 through 122 days of age. No differences in gain of weight, length and head circumference and in food intake were found. Serum zinc concentration was significantly (p less than 0.05) and hair zinc concentration was slightly higher in the infants fed the zinc-fortified formula at 122 days of age. Copper and ceruloplasmin concentrations in serum and hair copper concentration were similar in both groups at 122 days of age. The results suggest that feeding a formula nonfortified with zinc did not affect growth of male premature infants. Feeding a zinc-fortified formula on the other hand had no influence on copper nutritional status.

Copper↗
PubMed1984

Effect of venous drainage to the vena cava and denervation on endocrine function of pancreatic segments in dogs.

IVGTTs and OGTTs (0.5 g/kg glucose) were performed in 36 normal dogs (group N) and one to two weeks postoperatively in 22 dogs after partial pancreatectomy [( ppx ] group I); nine dogs after ppx and pancreatic venous drainage to the inferior vena cava (group II); nine dogs after ppx and pancreatic denervation (group III); and in seven dogs after ppx , venous drainage to the vena cava, and denervation (group IV). Fasting glucose and insulin were in the same range in all dogs. In IVGTT peak insulin levels were diminished by ppx , but total insulin secretion was similar in all dogs. Systemic venous drainage and denervation had no effect on glucose tolerance, peak insulin, and total amount of insulin appearing in the peripheral circulation. In groups II and IV, there was a linear correlation between individual K values and the area under the insulin curve, whereas there was no such correlation in groups I and III. In OGTTs , glucose tolerance and the total amount of insulin were equal in groups I through IV but diminished compared to group N. Venous transposition resulted in an early increase of insulin secretion and a late insulin peak. Thus, glucose load and islet cell mass are the determinants of glucose tolerance and insulin secretion in this model. Neither drainage of the pancreatic blood to the vena cava nor denervation have measurable influence on magnitude and effectivity of fasting and stimulated insulin secretion.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Effects of intrasplenic injection of hepatocytes, hepatocyte fragments and hepatocyte culture supernatants on D-galactosamine-induced liver failure in rats.

Intraperitoneal injection of 0.5 g/kg D-galactosamine results in 95% lethal acute acute liver failure in male Fisher 344 rats. Intrasplenic injection of viable syngeneic hepatocytes 20-28 h after poisoning improves survival in a dose-dependent fashion, 10(7) cells being the optimal dose with a survival rate of 47.1%. While nonviable cells and hepatocyte fragments are totally ineffective, 42.9% of rats survive after injection of 28-hour liver cell culture supernatant. It is concluded that soluble factors generated by cultured cells in vitro or intrasplenically transplanted cells improve survival either by a direct hepatotrophic effect, by stimulation of the reticulo-endothelial system or by an unspecific humoral mechanism.

Acute Disease↗