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D Benoit

Publications and source records attributed to D Benoit.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Stability and transmission of attachment across three generations.

Stability of adult attachment and transmission of attachment across 3 generations were examined in a longitudinal study of 96 infants, mothers, and maternal grandmothers. The Adult Attachment Interview (AAI) was used to assess attachment in mothers (during pregnancy and when infants were 11 months old) and grandmothers (any time during the study). The Strange Situation (SS) was used to assess attachment in infants at 12 months. Both the 3- and 4-category classification systems of the AAI and SS were used. Mothers' AAI classifications were stable over 12 months in 90% (3-category) and 77% (4-category) of mothers. Mothers' AAI classifications during pregnancy predicted infants' SS classifications in 81% (3-category) and 68% (4-category) of cases, and grandmothers' AAI classifications in 75% (3-category) and 49% (4-category) of cases. Using log-linear analysis, we show that a simple parent-to-child model accounts for transmission of attachment.

Female↗
PubMed1993

T cell receptor V beta usage in rheumatoid nodules: marked oligoclonality among IL-2 expanded lymphocytes.

Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease which is characterized by chronic polyarthritis and joint destruction as well as by extra-articular manifestations, typically including the appearance of rheumatoid nodules. Although the pathogenesis of the disease is unknown, substantial evidence suggests that it is T cell-mediated. In contrast to experimental models, the disease-mediating T cells in the human situation have never been isolated or identified. We expanded T lymphocytes from human rheumatoid nodules by IL-2 stimulation and observed a marked oligoclonality among these expanded lymphocytes. This tendency towards oligoclonality was not seen in IL-2-expanded lymphocytes from peripheral blood. We hypothesize that this oligoclonal expansion reflects a clonally restricted in situ preactivation of lymphocytes and that precisely these preactivated cells are involved in the pathogenesis of the rheumatic process.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Representations of attachment in mothers and their one-year-old infants.

Attachment classifications in mothers and their 1-year-old infants were independently and concurrently assessed using the Adult Attachment Interview and the Strange Situation Procedure. Overall concordance was significant (k = 0.62), with strong links apparent between mothers classified dismissing and infants classified avoidant and between mothers classified autonomous and infants classified secure. Mothers' classified preoccupied were not more likely to have infants classified resistant. Mothers' perceptions and interpretations of the emotional distress of an infant observed in a 4-minute videotape were related to both infant and mother attachment classifications. These results are compatible with the suggestion that attachment classification reflect differences in internal working models of relationships. Other measures of maternal psychosocial adjustment were not related to infant attachment classifications.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Sleep disorders in early childhood: association with insecure maternal attachment.

Psychological, family, and social characteristics relating to attachment relationships were measured in mothers of 20 sleep-disordered toddlers, comparing them with 21 mothers of toddlers without sleep problems. The groups were matched on measures of socioeconomic status, child and maternal age, maternal education, marital status, and family size. Results showed that 100% of mothers of sleep-disordered children were classified as insecure with respect to attachment, as assessed by the Adult Attachment Interview, compared with 57% of control group mothers (p less than 0.002). There were no group differences on measures of maternal defensiveness, self-esteem, marital satisfaction, and social support. These results suggest that maternal current perspectives on their relationship history, rather than general psychosocial adjustment, are crucial contributors to the onset and perpetuation of sleep disorders in early childhood.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1991

Infant psychiatry: its relevance for the general psychiatrist.

The study of infancy can provide us with new models for the genesis and treatment of psychiatric disorders. It allows us to observe development and can elucidate the contribution the internal and external world make to mental health and disorder. It can also help to define and describe developmental pathways which may be instrumental in creating a resilient or vulnerable adult.

Child Psychiatry↗
PubMed1981

The determinants of breast-feeding in Sri Lanka.

Breast-feeding is the focus of rapidly growing interest. Research on the determinants of breast-feeding is only beginning. The research in this paper is based on World Fertility Survey data for Sri Lanka. We develop what we believe to be an appropriate probit model and find that there are significant socioeconomic factors that influence breast-feeding, in addition to the demographic factors focused upon in the literature. Moreover, some of them have clear policy implications, which are elaborated herein with respect to labor force, education, family planning and internal migration policies. In the course of the paper we also address a number of generally neglected statistical issues that should be considered in analyzing the determinants of breast-feeding, including problems resulting from digit preference or age heaping, the need to use dichotomous dependent variables, unavoidable truncation biases in the basic data, and structural shifts in the determinants of breast-feeding at different durations.

Breast Feeding↗