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Biomedical subjects

D Bernard

Publications and source records attributed to D Bernard.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Characterization of murine monoclonal antibodies against fetal erythrocytes].

Balb/c mice were immunized against papain-treated fetal erythrocytes and splenocytes were fused with Sp2/0-Ag-14 myeloma cells. Several hybrids secreting antibodies directed against antigenic determinants predominantly exposed on fetal and cord cells were selected and cloned twice. Antibodies NaM61-1A2 and NaM61-768 (IgM class) were shown to be specific for an endo-beta-galactosidase-sensitive oligosaccharide chain. The antigen, strongly expressed on fetal and cord cells, was identified as the i blood group antigen. The antibodies represent powerful blood group reagents to be use in conventional agglutination techniques as well as in the gel typing system and in indirect flow cytometry. The antibody NaM46-4A8 (IgG class) is specific for an antigenic structure expressed on fetal cells and accessible only after papain, ficin, bromelin and endo-beta galactosidase treatment. The antigen was not identified.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[A qualitative study of the violence in hockey: perceptions of trainers and players].

During semistructured interviews, coaches and players have expressed their perception of violence in hockey through several game situations. The responses reveal that coaches disapprove and even sanction players receiving too many useless penalties, but occasionally congratulate them for a penalized action executed to save a goal. During matches, verbal intimidation is high and not always criticized, especially when it causes the opponent to lose concentration and take a penalty. Body checks have been identified as a main generator of frustration and lack of discipline among players. Data analysis suggests two interventions in training programmes for coaches: the development of teaching material on body checking and on individual counselling techniques to impart sportsmanship attitudes to young players.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Amino acid solutions for CAPD: rationale and clinical experience.

Protein-calorie malnutrition is present in a sizable proportion of dialysis patients. In CAPD patients, constant glucose absorption from dialysate may displace other calorie sources, such as protein, and may suppress the appetite, thus contributing to malnutrition. Use of amino acids in place of glucose as the osmotic agent has been studied extensively. Ultrafiltration and small-molecule clearance similar to that with glucose can be achieved with amino acid solutions, but nitrogenous waste produced by amino acids limits the extent to which they can replace hypertonic glucose. Side effects of CAPD with amino acids appear to be minor and easily manageable. Most studies have found at least some nutritional benefit of amino acid solutions in addition to that of lowering the glucose load. Short-term studies of amino acid solutions for dialysis indicate that they may improve protein nutrition in malnourished CAPD patients.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1992

Elbow synovitis related to an intraarticular osteoid osteoma of the humerus, with immunologic and histochemical studies.

An 18-year-old boy presented with elbow synovitis. Investigations disclosed an osteoid osteoma of the coronoid fossa confirmed by histology. The synovium appeared hypertrophic with histologic patterns resembling those seen in synovitis in rheumatoid arthritis. Immunohistochemistry showed lymphoid follicles composed of B and T cells. T lymphocytes were mainly of the CD4 phenotype, showing soluble interleukin 2 receptor (IL-2r) in places but were poorly positive for DR antigen. C3, C4, B factor and CH50 activity were decreased and interleukin 1 and soluble IL-2r were increased in synovial fluid. They were normal in peripheral blood except for a slight decrease in C4. These data suggest a local immunologic activation induced by osteoid osteoma, the mechanism of which remains hypothetic. Immunomodulating mediator diffusion from osteoid osteoma itself or as a secondary response to tumoral antigen release could be advocated. Whether such phenomena are specific to the epiphyseal location of osteoid osteoma needs clarification.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Purification on poly(U)-sepharose 4B of human breast cancer cell line T-47D DNA polymerases.

The purification of DNA polymerases (RNA-directed DNA polymerases and DNA-directed DNA polymerases) on poly(U)-Sepharose 4B from a breast tumour cell line (T-47D) is reported. The elution of these enzymes was followed in each fraction by activity measurements with the four primer-templates poly(rA)-oligo(dT)12-18, poly(dA) oligo(dT)12-18, poly(rC)-oligo(dG)12-18 and poly(rCm)-oligo (dG)12-18. The control of the polymerase purification by chromatography was performed by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the pooled active enzymatic fractions.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1991

Autoantibody formation after bone marrow transplantation: a comparison between autologous and allogeneic grafts.

Various autoantibodies were screened in 11 allogeneic, 14 autologous bone marrow transplanted patients and 11 healthy controls. Except anti-mitochondria antibodies, autoantibodies were found with similar frequencies after allogeneic and autologous transplantation. Moreover, 50% of autoantibodies were already present before transplantation. These results suggest that factors other than allogeneic reaction could be responsible for autoantibody formation after bone marrow transplantation, in particular, pre-graft conditioning treatment and/or viral and bacterial infection. Nevertheless, the number of patients with 2 or more autoantibodies was significantly higher after allogeneic than after autologous grafting (respectively, 82% and 36.7%; p less than 0.05). Forty percent of allografted but none of autografted patients were still positive at 12 months post graft. So, allogeneic reaction could play a role in intensity of humoral response and its maintenance for a long period.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Analysis of the behavior of the coach in relation to violence in minor league hockey].

The purpose of this study was to verify if, during games, the behavior of ice hockey coaches at the bantam level tends to incite players to use roughness and to infringe upon the rules of the game, as the Néron report (1977) states. The video recording of 27 games using a split-screen technique made it possible to view simultaneously the players in action as well as the coaches' behavior. Analysis of the videotapes revealed that the coaches (n = 11) at the bantam level often exhort their players to put more intensity in their physical contacts (legal body checking), but they more often encouraged them to control themselves and avoid penalties. In general, the coaches displayed very little behavior that encouraged violent actions from the players.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Clonotypic heterogeneity in cutaneous T-cell lymphomas.

The antigen receptor genes studied (immunoglobulin gene for B-cells, and T-cell receptor -beta or -gamma gene for T-cells) represent the most powerful tools for diagnosing the clonality of a lymphoid lineage. We have clonotyped 23 cutaneous T-cell lymphomas and 5 were found to be clonotypically all heterogeneous. Analysis of each patient was performed either from serial skin biopsies taken several months apart or from different tumor samples. In these cases, T-cell lymphoma clonotypic heterogeneity was demonstrated and was especially evident when examining different tumor sites. Moreover, in one case, a biogenotypic population (immunoglobulin and T-cell receptor-rearranged) was found. This unexpected high frequency of T-cell clonal heterogeneity (22%) could be explained either by the evolution of subclones from a single undifferentiated malignant cell or by the independent transformation to cancer of 2 or more lymphocytes, though the latter seems less likely. Clonotypic heterogeneity seems to be as frequent in T-cell lymphomas with cutaneous lesions as in B-cell leukemias.

Gene Rearrangement↗
PubMed1990

Detection of Epstein-Barr viral genomes in lymph nodes of Hodgkin's disease patients.

Previous studies using Southern blot analysis or in situ hybridization have shown that approximately 20% of patients with Hodgkin's disease have Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in involved tissues. We used the more sensitive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique to determine if a higher percentage of EBV could be detected. Of the 16 Hodgkin's disease patients studied, the PCR technique detected EBV in eight (50%). No prognostic significance was associated with the presence of EBV in the eight EBV-positive patients, and the presence of EBV was not associated with B cell monoclonality.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Dual genotype in cutaneous T-cell lymphomas and pseudolymphomas.

Genomic DNA digests of skin biopsies from 20 patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphomas and pseudolymphomas were studied by hybridization, using probes for the constant region of the T-cell receptor beta chain and the joining region of the immunoglobin heavy chain gene. Skin biopsies from all 20 patients contained a monoclonal T-cell population. In addition, DNA from 5 patients contained an immunoglobulin gene rearrangement. These results demonstrate that cutaneous T-cell lymphomas are clonal T-cell malignancies that frequently express a dual genotype, which may sometimes reflect the clonotypic heterogeneity of these disorders.

Gene Rearrangement, beta-Chain T-Cell Antigen Rece↗
PubMed1989

Expression of an enzymatically active murine retroviral reverse transcriptase in human cells.

The region of the pol gene of the Moloney murine leukemia virus (M-MuLV) encoding the reverse transcriptase and RNase H activities was inserted in an eukaryotic expression vector and transiently expressed in human cultured cells. This results in the expression of high levels of reverse transcriptase activity. This enzyme, partially purified, also carries a RNase H activity, has the biochemical requirements of the viral enzyme and is recognized and inhibited by antibodies directed against a M-MuLV reverse transcriptase expressed in Escherichia coli.

Animals↗