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Biomedical subjects

D Boston

Publications and source records attributed to D Boston.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Hardness of enamel exposed to Coca-Cola and artificial saliva.

The purpose of this study was to determine the rate of change in indentation hardness of enamel in permanent teeth exposed to Coca-Cola. In a further experiment, the ability of a commercially available artificial saliva to remineralize enamel treated with Coca-Cola was tested. Ten enamel specimens were randomly chosen to be treated with Coca-Cola (experimental groups) and seven with water (control group). The fluids were applied for 1, 2, 3 h and overnight (15 h), washed off with a few drops of water and the moist enamel indentation hardness tested after each interval. With Coca-Cola treatment, the mean enamel hardness was 92.6% (s.d. = 7.9) of the original baseline hardness after 1 h, 93.25% (s.d. = 10.15) after 2 h, 85.7% (s.d. = 12.03) after 3 h and 80.3% after 15 h. The mean indentation hardness of control specimens treated with water was 108.7% (s.d. = 16.09) of the original hardness after 1 h, 99.09% (s.d. = 18.98) after 2 h, 98.97% (s.d. =11.24) after 3 h and 98.42% (s.d. = 22.78) after 15 h. In a separate experiment, the hardness of 9 enamel specimens was tested, as previously described, before and after treatment with Coca-Cola overnight and again after application of artificial saliva for 3 min. Coca-Cola reduced the mean indentation hardness of enamel in the teeth, but the hardness was partially restored with artificial saliva (Salivart) and increased by 18% from the demineralized enamel hardness.

Carbonated Beverages↗
PubMed1999

Acquisition of a touching style.

A qualitative study investigated dental student perceptions of learning to use touch in dental treatment. A focus group design was used to allow volunteer participants (students, general dentistry residents, and dental faculty; n = 41) to discuss issues related to this question. Each focus group was audiotaped for accuracy and transcribed by an independent person. Data gathered were textually and thematically analyzed around the specific questions asked. The data indicated that learning to touch dental patients was often trial and error and uncomfortable for these students. Further, the data suggested that a fine line exists preventing students from asking for assistance and faculty in offering assistance.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Survival of metabolically inhibited ventricular myocytes is enhanced by inhibition of rigor and SR Ca2+ cycling.

During severe ATP depletion, sarcolemmal rupture resulting from rigor- and/or Ca(2+)-induced myofilament force development is considered to be an important cause of irreversible cell injury. Recent experiments in our laboratory demonstrated that during prolonged metabolic inhibition (MI) in adult rabbit ventricular myocytes, in which rigor was prevented by exposure to 30 mM 2,3-butanedione monoxime (BDM), cyclic uptake and release of cystolic Ca2+ occurred and was associated with strong phasic contractions. To investigate the relative contribution of this sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ cycling and associated force development to energy depletion injury, the effects of BDM together with 7 mM caffeine were examined in isolated rabbit ventricular myocytes subjected to MI with 2 mM NaCN and 20 mM 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG). During 90 min of MI with CN and 2-DG, no cells retained a rod shape in the absence of BDM or caffeine. In the presence of both 30 mM BDM and 7 mM caffeine during MI, preservation of rod morphology was enhanced, and 52 +/- 6.2% of cells retained a rod shape 48 h after metabolic inhibition and had normal ATP content and resting membrane potential. Both systolic and diastolic functions of cells that survived MI, however, were impaired. We conclude that exposure to caffeine together with BDM markedly enhances survival of myocytes during severe prolonged ATP depletion. After recovery, these isolated myocytes show some characteristics of stunning.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1995

Safety, efficacy, and lipid profile of doxazosin at a VA medical center.

The Veterans Administration Lakeside Medical Center (VALMC) is a 500-bed hospital located in downtown Chicago providing a broad scope of inpatient and outpatient medical services for more than 12,000 veterans. The VALMC Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committee requested a study to evaluate doxazosin mesylate (Cardura) to determine if this agent would be an acceptable alternative to other formulary agents. It appears that doxazosin provides several therapeutic advantages, including once-daily dosing, when compared with other more costly antihypertensive agents.

Chicago↗
PubMed1994

Resistance to fracture of endodontically treated premolars restored with new generation dentine bonding systems.

MOD cavities in 60 endodontically treated teeth were restored using six different methods. Copper rings were filled with commercial hard-setting cement and the teeth were placed up to the level of the cemento-enamel junction. The teeth were grouped according to restorative method, mounted in an Instron TT machine, and the buccal walls subjected to a slowly increasing compressive force until fracture occurred. The force of fracture of the walls of each tooth was recorded and the results in the various groups compared. All teeth fractured in a similar manner irrespective of the restorative method used. All groups restored with the newer bonding system had higher resistance to fracture than those restored with an acid etch chemically cured composite resin technique. The groups restored with Den-Mat Tenure Core Paste or a Variglass VLC base and Prisma APH were significantly stronger than the acid etch Concise restored teeth (P < 0.05). No statistically significant differences were found between the other groups (P > 0.05).

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed1990

The effects of time of trauma patient presentation on emergency department utilization.

All three posed temporal questions have now been answered as being positive factors in ED utilization: 1) Major and minor trauma patients should be expected to present at ED in largest numbers around 17.67 hr each day and especially during the month of August. Some types of major trauma (i.e., medical, surgical, psychiatric patients) require longer periods for stabilization in the ED before being discharged to the appropriate care unit. Such patients also tend to arrive later at the ED than do patients destined for MICU, SICU, or CCU. 2) Changing the trauma ordinance did not affect the temporal effects noted above but did produce a strikingly large influx of minor trauma presents relative to major trauma presents during the post-ordinance period. 3) The nature and number of the ED staffing should be reviewed and probably changed in order to reflect the large influx of trauma presents during the 1600 to 2400 hr shift. The third question has the most impact on ED utilization during the "Golden Hour of Trauma". Individual emergency departments must cope with the fact that the maximum demand on facilities and professional health expertise will normally occur during the hours from 1600 to 2400 each day. Some EDs have recognized this increased demand and have responded by maximizing the quantity and quality of their staff on the 1600 to 2400 hr shift. These data indicate that more EDs should follow suit as soon as possible.

Chicago↗
PubMed1989

Orbital roof fractures in childhood.

The authors documented 36 orbital roof fractures in 32 children over a 5-year period. With the aid of computed tomography (CT), 16 fractures were classified as isolated and 20 were found to be associated with more extensive damage to the skull. Isolated fractures typically occurred in younger children (mean age, 2.8 years) after relatively minor trauma, most often a fall from a height of less than 10 feet. Birth trauma was the cause in one case. Three fourths of the isolated fractures were linear; with extensive trauma, the orbital roof was usually comminuted. Upper eyelid hematoma characteristically developed hours after the traumatic event. There were no significant chronic disturbances of vision, motility, or lid function. Acute neurologic concerns were common, and two patients died, but full recovery was otherwise the rule. In two cases, late development of ocular pulsation led to CT demonstration of encephaloceles. Both of these children had comminuted roof fractures with displacement of bone fragments into the orbit. The authors conclude that fracture of the orbital roof is a common but frequently overlooked occurrence in childhood. Anatomic factors may account for differences in the effect of frontal impact at different ages.

Accidental Falls↗
PubMedDate not supplied

E-Z Gold: the new Goldent.

E-Z Gold is a new direct filling gold material that is similar to existing powdered gold formulations but more user-friendly. It is a mixture of pure gold powder and wax (less than 0.01% organic wax), wrapped in gold foil introduced to the dental profession in the late 1980s, and similar metallurgically to gold foil and powdered gold (Goldent) in that, when properly and thoroughly compacted, it has comparable properties: inertness (biocompatibility) and permanence. E-Z Gold's manipulative characteristics are similar to that of a very stiff amalgam, yet more sticky (cohesive) than gold foil, hence the name E-Z Gold. There is no reported research related to physical properties regarding shear, tensile, and cohesive strength. One can assume that E-Z Gold is similar to old Goldent but with improved softness and working characteristics. Clinical experience in the use of this new restorative direct filling gold material has been encouraging. We anticipate that in the near future, clinical and laboratory research comparing this gold to other types of direct filling golds will be forthcoming.

Dental Materials↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hypersensitivity and pain induced by operative procedures and the "cracked tooth" syndrome.

Various dental conditions are responsible for tooth hypersensitivity and pain. They include hypersensitive dentin; the "cracked tooth" syndrome; pulp and periapical irritation, inflammation and/or degeneration; barodontalgia (aerodontalgia); and periodontal pathoses, particularly the pulpal-periodontal syndrome. Each operative condition is reviewed with respect to its etiology, symptomatology, and diagnosis. Some treatment recommendations are made to prevent or reduce symptoms.

Cracked Tooth Syndrome↗